Uvavanyo igazi omzimba ngexesha lokukhulelwa: ingakumbi uqeqesho, ukucazulula kunye neziphakamiso

Ukucwangcisela ukukhulelwa - lixesha ebalulekileyo kakhulu ukuba ufuna zonke iintlobo ngophengululo, ukwenzela ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba neengxaki ngethuba lokukhulelwa kunye lokubeleka. iimvavanyo igazi antibodies ekukhulelweni - yindlela diagnostic. Ngaphambi kokuba akheke kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ubukho antibodies rubella ntsholongwane kunye nezinye-usulelo itotshi, ukuze ucacise group igazi RH ngumba wabalingane. Iziphumo ziya ukufumana imfuno amanyathelo ejolise ukukhula eqhelekileyo kunye nophuhliso wosana.

Antibodies ubhaqa-izifo

Eli qela kwezifo iquka:

• rubella;
• cytomegalovirus;
• isifo herpes;
• toxoplasmosis.

Ezi zifo ayingozi ingakumbi ngexesha yokumitha baby. Usulelo ibhinqa ezintathu yokuqala kukhokelela kwasekuzalweni, malformations kunye isisu ezizenzekelayo. Iingcali bacebisa iimvavanyo zegazi omzimba ekukhulelweni kwiiveki zokuqala-12, yaye ngcono kodwa kwixesha locwangciso.

Usulelo ne herpes simplex kunokubangela polyhydramnios, ukuphazanyiswa yokukhulelwa, kwesisu, uphuhliso usuleleko intrauterine, prematurity. Ukuba umfazi osulelwe okokuqala, ingozi ukuba usulelo liya kwenzeka umntwana efikelela 50%.

Usulelo toxoplasmosis kuyingozi enkulu kuba usana kwithuba leenyanga ezintathu lesithathu. Ukuba umama unomzi yokuqala neyesibini, ubungozi sifo umntwana efikelela 25%, nangowesithathu - ku-90%. Usulelo ne rubella ngexesha kwiinyanga zokuqala 4 yobomi ezingekazalwa kukhokelela ekufeni olungekazalwa, uphuhliso macro okanye microcephaly, imbonakalo triad Gregg.

Cytomegalovirus umonakalo ubuchopho eyingozi umntwana, uphuhliso zedumbe, ukungaqheleki ebuchotsheni ukuva analyzer olubonakalayo.

Uvavanyo igazi omzimba ekukhulelweni ukuba kubalulwe izalathi si zokunikwa immunoglobulins G kunye M. Le iikhrayitheriya ibalulekileyo diagnostic.

yombhalo

Ngexesha ukuba nomntwana iziphumo zophononongo kuba ngohlobo yezi ndlela zilandelayo:

1. IgG and IgM zabonwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba umama engazange wadibana izifo ezifana, nto leyo ethetha ukuba usulelo kunokwenzeka ngexesha yokumitha baby. Studies ziphindwa nyanga zonke.
2. IgG and IgM afunyanwa. Isiphumo uthetha malunga kwimeko yakutshanje kokungcola. Kuyimfuneko ukuba enze uvavanyo igazi eyongezelelweyo titers lezibulala ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
3. IgG wabonakala, IgM ayikho andibhaqwa. Le yindlela entle kumama nomntwana. Uthi kudala-usulelo.
4. IgG ayenziwanga elibhaqiweyo, IgM zafunyanwa. Ubungqina usuleleko kutshanje kwaye ifuna zazo ezongezelelweyo diagnostic.

Ukutolikwa iziphumo akukhange kubekho umncedisi ugqirha-elebhu, kwaye yingcali lowo ekubhekiselelwe umfazi kwisaveyi. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphawuli echaziweyo ngakumbi necebo lokukhulelwa.

alloantibody

Olu hlobo omzimba kwenzeka xa RH-ungquzulwano unina kunye nomntwana. RH factor - iantigens ethile singaba erythrocytes babantu. Ukuba ikhona, igazi kuthiwa RH-HIV kunjalo, ukungabikho - negative-RH.

Ukuba owasetyhini ongenayo i-RH into, kwaye umntwana sele ifumene ilifa lakhe kuyise, umama wosana usana RH njengequmrhu langaphandle kwaye ukhupha izilwa ngokuchasene iiseli ezibomvu umntwana. Ebudeni ukukhulelwa yokuqala, le nkqubo sele kuphela nje iqalile, kwaye kaninzi ngaphezu ithetha neziphumo ezimandundu, kodwa kuziveza ngakumbi ngamandla ngexesha yokumitha olulandelayo. Ngaleyo ndlela Rhesus-ungquzulwano.

Impendulo ephambili emzimbeni kamama ubonisa isizukulwana IgM. Zinelungelo ubunzima eliphezulu ezinto eziphilayo yaye, ke ngoko, awukwazi ukungena ngokusebenzisa isithintelo placental. zegazi Secondary kwenzeka ngohlobo okuvelisa isixa esikhulu ezisezantsi ezinto IgG ubunzima, leyo kusichukumisa kungena umzimba olungekazalwa.

Sifo Rhesus ingxabano

Uhlalutyo kwegazi Rhesus zithinteli-lokukhulelwa ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

1. Ukuba amaqabane angenayo i-RH, uxilongo akuyomfuneko ukwenza.
2. Ukuba umama negative-RH kunye ubaba igazi RH-HIV, ukumiselwa titer ka RH antibodies kufuneka kwenzeka Dynamics lonke lokukhulelwa (qho ngenyanga).
3. Ulwazi titers unalo ezidlulileyo ziya kuqinisekisa ubukho zegazi.
4. are IgM ingeyongozi umntwana, kwaye phambi IgG uthi imfuneko ukucacisa izalathi titer esweni rhoqo kufutshane yokukhulelwa.

Imiba yomngcipheko kanye nobunzima kunokwenzeka

Basengozini enkulu ngenxa RH-ungquzulwano ziquka abasetyhini linembali izisu ezikhe zabonwa kwi ukukhulelwa emva kwexesha, ukutofelwa igazi, ukuphuphuma ukusoloko, ekubelekeni kunye nobukho ukukhulelwa zophendlo lwezifo ethunjini.

Ngenxa ungquzulwano kakhulu iphuhlise isifo hemolytic usana, nto leyo sikhatshwa iingxaki zilandelayo:

• ukuzalwa komntwana kwabafileyo;
• Encephalopathy;
• hypertrophy kwesibindi kunye udakada;
• kernicterus;
• eqhelekileyo ukulibaziseka esiphuhlayo;
• insufficiency hepatic.

Kukho amanyathelo othintelo kuphuhliso RH-ungquzulwano. Xa engekho Rhesus umfazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa yokuqala ezilawulwa anti-D gamma globulin yakhe. iimvavanyo igazi omzimba ekukhulelweni oluqhutywa phaya episode obuvelisa ngalinye, ukucaza titer kwezalathisi. ISithethe ayifuni ukuqaliswa ezongezelelweyo gamma-globulin, ngamaxabiso aphezulu, oko elawulwa ngokomfuziselo ezithile izihlandlo ezininzi.

omzimba Group

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba le ngxaki ukuze ibe umahluko kuphela i-RH into, kodwa amaqela ahlukeneyo abantu amaqabane igazi. ungquzulwano Group ingaphantsi ndlongondlongo malunga mntwana ngaphezu ukungavumelani RH. amanyathelo azizithintelo iyaluthintela uphuhliso loo meko ikhona.

Uhlalutyo omzimba lwegazi ngethuba lokukhulelwa inyanzelekile kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• ukuphuphuma;
• ukunikezelwa yezifo kwimbali;
• ekuphuhliseni abruption placental ngexesha esakhulelwe zangaphambili kunye nokuzalwa;
• igazi;
• imbali isisu.

omzimba antiphospholipid

Phospholipids ebizwa amafutha ezenza inwebu leeseli emzimbeni. Ngokuzimeleyo zokukhupha abantu yabo ayikwazi, kodwa ngaphandle kwabo, kakhulu. Ezi izinto ezo izinto lwesakhiwo, ebandakanyekileyo igazi ekunqandeni, kunciphise iindonga iseli umonakalo, ukuxhasa inkqubo luvo.

Xa omzimba antiphospholipid ekukhulelweni kukho ukutshatyalaliswa amanqatha kunye nophuhliso lwe antiphospholipid syndrome. syndrome Primary na nazimpawu, umzimba liyehla ngokukhawuleza. Secondary lunamandla ngakumbi kwaye igcwele kuphuhliso thrombosis. Oku kwandisa ingozi yesifo sentliziyo, Embolism, stroke, izilonda nobeempahla ezinkulu.

Kuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukuphuhlisa APS sikhatshwa emngciphekweni omkhulu:

• ukuphuphuma;
• ifile;
• hypoxia Fetal;
• okungahambi bekhubazekile;
• wona ngaphambi ngumkhaya.

uxilongo Iimpawu

A uvavanyo igazi omzimba ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukucazulula ebanjwe gqirha, lo mfazi phambili uthathwa inyanzelekile kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• kwesisu wokufika;
• phambi izifo nemithambo yegazi;
• nentloko engapheliyo;
• thrombocytopenia;
• kukho isifo sezintso okanye hepatic.

Igazi kudlula bazimisele omzimba nezalathisi cardiolipin kunye phosphatidylserine. ubeka imali ebonakalayo izilwa ayisiso isiqinisekiso ngqo APS. Ugqirha ithatha ingqalelo njengokukhazimla imiqondiso zeklinikhi data imbali yezonyango. titer High ibonisa imfuno ukuqeshwa arhente antiplatelet (iziyobisi ancede iinkqubo thrombosis).

Indlela ukuba athathe uvavanyo igazi omzimba ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Kwiziphumo diagnostic yaba oluchanekileyo, kubalulekile ukulungiselela izinto ucingo. iintsuku 2-3 balahle iziselo caffeine, soda, okuneziqholo, okroqiweyo, ukutya zifakwa. Uphumelele uvavanyo igazi omzimba ngexesha lokukhulelwa ungatyanga.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, bayayeka ukuthatha amayeza. Ukuba oku akwenzeki, azise ilebhu, yintoni iindlela zisetyenziswa. Komzimba kunye nexesha emva amandla kakhulu yemvelo Izimo ukuba baqhube uxilongo.

Emva kokufumana iziphumo zokucazulula kuye kwaba obstetrician-ugqirha okhulelweyo. Uvavanyo lwezalathisi limisela imfuneko yokuqeshwa eyongeziweyo kuphando nolungiso. Nayiphi mgaqweni kunye self-nokucaciswa kweziphumo akuvumelekanga, ngenxa yokuba buxabise ubomi umama nosana lwakhe olungekazalwa.