Ussuri Reserve: State Nature Reserve e Primorsky Krai

Ussuri Nature Reserve kwi Primorye Territory kuye kwenziwa umsebenzi omkhulu ukulondoloza ubutyebi bendalo belizwe. Iindwendwe banethuba ukubona bonke ubungangamsha ezi ndawo. Bona banikwa ithuba ukuhamba endleleni eziphilayo. Ukutyelela myuziyam yasekuhlaleni endalo, uye waqhelana ngakumbi ngembali abemi kulo myezo.

indalo

Ngowe-1913, yezityalo Komarov weza apha ukufunda okungakumbi izityalo zalapha. Kodwa ukwenza ummandla kwindawo ekhuselweyo ukuba kungacaci kwangoko, kodwa kuphela ngo-1932. Oku kunceda USSR. Lo mmandla sathathwa phantsi kolawulo ekhethekileyo ukuze akhusele kwaye balondoloze iintlobo ezinqabileyo, nto leyo esele ngelo xesha ezibe Red kwiNcwadi lizwe.

ulwazi jikelele ngalo mmandla wolondolozo lwendalo

Indawo egciniweyo iquka indawo kwimimandla Ussuri kunye Shkotovsky. indawo yayo itotali 40.432 hectares. Kukho amachibi kunye nemilambo Artemivka Komarovka. Enye ubutyebi ezi iindawo amahlathi Liana zamaxesha athile ngonyaka, nto leyo phantse yanyamalala kule kwiMpuma Ekude.

ukukhululeka

Ussuri Reserve ezisezantsi-intaba ezahlukeneyo sezwe. Ezinye iincopho kwentaba ukufikelela mitha 700, kodwa ngokubanzi ukuphakama avareji - 300-400 eemitha. rocks Local - i-shale, ilitye abangelwe aneentunja, porphyries zwi. Kukho kwakhona diabase kunye andesite abomvu, nto leyo yenza i yomlambo ephakeme elimxinwa. Kukho zokuphuma lekalika, kwaye kubo kukho massif elihle onamatye eyaziwa ngokuba Zmeinka Kwicala elingasentla reserve. Oku ke lingumqolomba, kubekwe igama enkondlo "Sleeping Beauty".

Kwi kwintsimi kukho intaba-ihlathi Iintlobo zomhlaba ngamandla ezahlukeneyo. Kwakhona, kukho bazipheka-nezikhukhula kunye neentlobo zomhlaba nezikhukhula brown ngokuqhelekileyo iintili lomlambo.

sezulu

Reserve Ussuriysky inxulumene kwindawo zemozulu Amur-Ussuri, nto leyo iphawulwa ngokulinganisela iimpawu elingenazo kwemozulu. iintsuku Frost-ezamahala ngonyaka ngamnye, kukho malunga 105-120. Ukuba thabatha komndilili weqondo lobushushu yonyaka 2.5 ^° C Agasti yinyanga zikhuthazayo kunye uphawu-avareji ye-19.7 ^° C ngoJanuwari (ngenyanga eqhaqhazelisa) - -17.9 ^C. Kodwa umhlaba eliphezulu ingundoqo busisigxina 60 ^C no -32 ° ^C ubuncinane ngonyaka nge-avareji 700-800 mm imvula ina, kodwa kwenzeka iminyaka owomileyo (500 mm) kwaye isina (1200 mm). I-avareji ukufuma yonyaka - 70-80%.

Ngoko ke, jikelele, imozulu ubonakala: bubushushu ihlobo, kumanzi, yasebusika - ikhephu encinane, abangaxhalabisiyo kakhulu.

uhlaza

Flora of Ussuriisk park wesizwe zahlukahlukene kakhulu, nangona malunga 98% yommandla kuhlala amahlathi mixed coniferous kunye avuthulukayo. Kodwa apha obanzi kunayo amahlathi coniferous-avuthulukayo (ummandla uwonke-42%).

abasebenzi Reserve waqhuba isifundo, abale inani iintlobo zezityalo phakathi kwabo: amakhowa - ngaphezulu kwe-1000, malunga nowama-820 iintlobo ze semithambo, ubulembu 250, malunga 200 iintlobo ze ulwelwe, ulele amakhulu.

Phakathi iintlobo oqhelekileyo kwezihlahla apha imisedare Korean (ilitye pine it), Izithuthi fir holophylla, ezinde etyheli, hornbeam serdtselistny, Anut Manchurian, nespruce ajanensis. Kwakhona alawulwa Linden Tacke, Linden Amur kunye Manchurian, nemiterebhinti neentlambo lobed, maple amancinci-zodonga kunye nezinye iintlobo.

Ukongeza, i-Ussuri Nature Reserve osisityebi kwamatyholo, ziphakathi leyo: Weeks, spirea, uHazel isiManchu,-orenji ocoliweyo-zodonga ukuhleka, ginseng laseSiberia. Ngu Liana ziquka Magnolia Chinese umdiliya, Actinidia Kolomikta kunye Argut, Amur yomdiliya.

Kwi kwintsimi kukhula imifuno emininzi. Kwezi, iintlobo ezininzi rhoqo ezahlukeneyo Dryopteris, sedges, horsetails, athyrium, oxalis, nokwayo kunye nabanye.

Kodwa ixabiso ezona zityalo ezidweliswe kwi-Book oluBomvu. Ezi ziquka yew, ginseng lenene, Prinsep Chinese konwele eqinileyo, kalopanax semilopastny kunye Pinus densiflora.

Ussuri reserve: izilwanyana neentaka

Ekubeni ndawo iphantsi kwekhava yehlathi ngokupheleleyo, uye wadala iimeko kakhulu kwizidalwa ezininzi eziphilayo. Kwezi ndawo, safumana indawo izilwanyana ngumntu ehlathini. Ngoko ke Ussuri Nature Reserve ukhusela kwibhotwe lakhe iintlobo 62 ezanyisayo, phezu 160 iintlobo zeentaka, 7 - izirhubuluzi, 6 - emanzini, 12 - intlanzi kunye cyclostomes. Kukho ezininzi ezingenamqolo, phakathi zeziphi iintlobo 32 eNcwadini oluBomvu. Xa reserve uyakwazi ukufumana lo qongqothwane likhulu lizwe - le barbel oyidingayo. Kwakhona, kukho Undizela ibhabhathane enkulu - hvostonosets Maak, brameya Tankre iSaturn uArtemis.

I-Reserve kuhlala iimbila ezininzi, iihagu zasendle, oonomatse, voles ebomvu, imihlathi, deer ebomvu. Phakathi iintaka ingabizwa esimibalabala (abalupheleyo namhlophe-backed), oatmeal (natyheli-ndiyingwevu), icula, gaichek tits ezimhlophe-bellied namnyama-intloko. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba umlambo esilawulwa iintaka apha.

Injongo yale reserve kukugcina iintlobo ezinqabileyo ekutshabalaleni, ngoko kukho ezininzi kubomi babantu ezidweliswe kwi-Book oluBomvu. Phakathi iintaka zinxulumene loo nesangxa nesihuluhulu, isiMandarini, iglonogaya nelokukha, Crested Honey nesangxa, Black weNgwamza kunye nabanye. Ngaphandle ezintakeni kukho izilwanyana ezifana Far Eastern ihlathi ikati, Asian indlu shrew, ibhere zeHimalaya emnyama, nengwe vostochnosibirsky, ixhama, nezirhwexu, nabanye abaninzi, olukhusela Ussuri Nature Reserve. Le tiger Amur kwakhona ngenxa baphile apha wakwazi ukunyusa inani layo.

I-Reserve kuhlala ezingenamqolo ezinqabileyo, umzekelo, i Uvarova intethe kunye beetle umhlaba elimxinwa-chested.

Ngaphakathi reserve liziko zezemfundo amathole bear abaziinkedama, ezo enziwa ubudala.

Ulwazi iindwendwe reserve

Abo banqwenela ukuya kutyelela ezi iindawo ezimangalisayo, ufanele wazi ukuba kukho iindlela ezizodwa yenzelwe ukuphonononga ngcono enezityalo nezilwanyana. Ekupheleni uhambo, kukho oyiboniselayo amaqonga eziveleleyo ehlathini. Xa intliziyo ebekelwe bucala ukuba indlu apho wayehlala Komarov kunye kufutshane - nendawo yakhe yokungcwaba. Kwakhona enye into enika umdla yile Zmeinka emiqolombeni, ntaba, enye yazo ungabona isiqabu imifanekiso umdla ezenziwe ngamaxesha amandulo.