Unxibelelwano "ukuvumelana": imizekelo. Management, ulungelelwaniso, contiguity: imizekelo

Enye ubudlelwane zegrama kulwimi Russian - nolungelelaniso. Imizekelo yonxibelelwano efana kwenzeka intetho rhoqo. Ukongezelela ekulawuleni ezayameneyo, uququzelelo yinxalenye kwiintlobo ezintathu eziphambili.

Phakathi Ziziphi iindawo zonxibelelwano zentetho lusekiwe co-ordination?

Izibizo kunye nezinye izigaba zentetho, njengesibizo (isimelabizo, izichazi ebelidlula, amagama substantivized), ukudityaniswa ebelidlula epheleleyo, Amanani serial kunye nemibutho yabasebenzi, izichazi, izimelabizo (isihlobo, ukulawula, zokwalatha, ukuChonga, ezingakhiyo ekungaqinisekwanga) kunye nezibizo - "ne-" elungelelanisiweyo izicelo zonxibelelwano. Imizekelo: ubuso bube nje, ngumdlali lomculo, ezinye yimincili.

Yintoni wavakalisa ukuba uyakholiswa?

Amaxesha amaninzi amagama zibalulekileyo kwaye kuxhomekeke kwisivakalisi e besini esifanayo, inombolo kunye icala. Loo ibhondi ubizwa ngokuba "ne-". Imizekelo ngaphandle nazo zifumaneka apha. Leyo isicelo xa ilizwi ixhomekeke ngeke ezihlanganiswe uhlobo (nomama-ugqirha). Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ubuncinane ezithile grammemes gqolo kunye nokuxhomekeka, yaye ilizwi ephambili, oko - kwisivumelwano.

imizekelo iziphakamiso

1. Xa amehlo intombazana ehleka kaThixo squinted ngobuqili.

• Yaba nye? intombazana - sisibizo nababhinqileyo, isinye, genitive, kwisinye.
• Le ntombazana ntoni? ukuhleka - ebelidlula nababhinqileyo, isinye, genitive, kwisinye.

2. Bobabini abazali baye nezacholo baby.

• Izizathu? phezu izibambo - noun esobukhomokazi, isininzi, genitive.
• On iipeni ezingaphi? zombini - ngokubambiseneyo yesi yesininzi ngakumbi kwimeko genitive.

3. Yiyiphi uvuyo uyasilumeka ubuso bakhe!

• Sveti ntoni? uvuyo - noun nababhinqileyo, isinye, kwimeko instrumental.
• Yintoni uvuyo? a - isimelabizo isihlobo nababhinqileyo, isinye, kwimeko instrumental.

Le ntetho ukukholisa eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Imizekelo zemihlathi: kwi amantombazana ehleka (umthendeleko epheleleyo kunye noun), omabini izibambo (Amanani nemibutho yabasebenzi izibizo), yintoni uvuyo (isimelabizo isalamane kunye noun), kumgangatho wesithoba (inani ngokokuma kwento kunye noun), emdala yam (isimelabizo somntu isimelabizo bunini ), hayi ubalindile (isimelabizo somntu umthendeleko ngokupheleleyo).

Ingakumbi izayamaniso khadinali amanani kunye nezibizo

Yinto ityala entle umdla. Emva onke amanani iimpawu wenze kakhulu elifutshane, ukuba nime kulo meko nominative okanye wesenzo - kukho unxulumano phakathi 'ulawulo ". Kwaye kwezi meko elibhalwe ngokumileyo, ukuba uthembele amagama, ngokuvuma kunye lesibizo isini, inombolo kunye icala. Ngoko ke, ngokusebenzisa ibinzana inye kuboniswe iintlobo ezimbini zonxibelelwano - "imvume", "ulawulo". imizekelo:

1. ezisixhenxe iiyure kamva Tatiana efika kwinqanaba apho Ipikiniki kwahlelwa.

• Ezisixhenxe (igama iqhosha kwimeko nominative) ntoni? iiyure (genitive) - kolawulo.

2. ezisixhenxe iiyure kamva Tatiana efika kwinqanaba apho Ipikiniki kwahlelwa.

• Ntoni? iiyure (igama ephambili yesininzi kwimeko weentambula) Zingaphi? usapho (cardinal inani yesininzi kwimeko weentambula) - nolungelelaniso.

Umahluko phakathi kokuvumelana participles, iziphawuli kunye nezibizo substantivized

Ukuqwalasela lo ulungelelwaniso kunye imizekelo, nabantu abathile onengqondo kakhulu qaphela ezinye iinkalo. Upelo ayenziwanga ngayo, ke, ukuba badlale indima enkulu xa kuhlalutywa. Sincede ukuba siqonde ezi yantlukwano, apho efanayo nongqamaniso, imizekelo:

1. umfundi Duty, ezibukekayo nokuhombisa, ukuba ingxelo ukulungela iqela ukuba iiklasi.

• Duty umfundi - imvume, apho ilizwi iqhosha 'umfundi' kwaye uxhomekeke - "duty" - kuba asilogama.

2. Le umsebenzi, ezibukekayo nokuhombisa, ukuba ingxelo ukulungela iqela kwingqesho.

• "Duty" kule meko izenzo noun njengokuba substantivized, isiphawulo ezimilise, lilizwi yinqununu. Ixhomekeke amazwi akhe wayeza kuba 'kakuhle' yaye 'kwimali ", leyo iyangqinelana nayo.

iintlobo ezintathu obuchopho yamagama kwizivakalisi

Le yindibaniselwano amagama ngolwimi Russian kuxhomekeke imithetho ezizodwa. Nceda uqaphele ukuba amakhonkco eziphambili esiwasebenzisayo ezintathu: ulawulo, ulungelelwaniso, contiguity. Imizekelo yezi zinto kulwimi Russian isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Kuyinto ngenxa kubo amagama zidityaniswe zibe zizivakalisi. Nceda kuhlolwa ukuncothula zontathu iintlobo zonxibelelwano - ulawulo, ulungelelwaniso, contiguity - imizekelo ezithathwe isivakalisi esinye: ". UFluffy lekati kunye onemigca nomsila mnandi idlala tangle-orenji"

ulawulo

Olu hlobo ngokunxulumene lwegrama busenza ukuba ilizwi engundoqo, leyo ilawula izixhomekeki. Rhoqo ukhonza kwesenzi engundoqo, nto leyo endinga indlela iintlobo ezithile icala lesibizo. Kulo mzekelo, isenzi "play 'ukuya' tangle" indlela lo mbuzo, "yintoni?", Wena ungabeka. Le Mboniselo kufuna kuqulunqo lesibizo kuxhomekeke kwi ablative. Ngenxa yoko, la mazwi anxulunyaniswa ulawulo. Kwanokuba indawo isibizo "tangle" kwabanye, ezifana "ibhabhathane" okanye "ibhola", kuya sizifake kwimeko instrumental. Xa indima amazwi oxhomekeke nabo benza amanani (zombini), izimelabizo (kuzo), amagama substantivized (abangenamakhaya). Igama engundoqo nako ezahlukeneyo izigaba zentetho. Umzekelo: Izenzi, izibizo (? Iminwe isandla), uMthendeleko (iyasebenza yintoni amaza?), Amanani Cardinal kwi nominative kwaye wesenzo, Izihlomelo (uvuyo koko ingcinga?), Izichazi (funny ngu (ababini omnye umntu?) yintoni? ngokuqonda).

Junction

Olu hlobo lonxibelelwano ayisekelwanga ngentsingiselo ngokwegrama yelizwi ixhomekeke, kodwa kuphela kwi ngokulandelelana. Ezikufutshane inxalenye engundoqo modifiable zentetho, ezifana isihlomelo, nethi, gerund, isichazi obungenakudlula okanye imi ngendlela elula yokuthelekisa, izicelo engangqinelaniyo (izibizo). Kumzekelo malunga lekati lendlele ikwasetyenziswa contiguity kwi ibinzana elithi "kudlala" (idlalwa Fun?).

Ukufanisa. Yokugxininisa neziqhulo

Kwakhona ekhona kulo uqhagamshelo thethwano sivakalisi. Imizekelo: intshontsho anoboya kunye nomsila enemizila, lo tangle-orenji. Apha ungabona ukuvumelana olupheleleyo amagama ezingundoqo abaxhomekeke isini, inombolo kunye icala. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amatyala ukuvumelana ayiphelelanga. Oku kwenzeka xa uxhulumaniso waphawula phakathi izibizo, nto leyo isicelo-abaxhomekeke, kwaye sibonakaliswa lesibizo esiyintloko uhlobo olunye. Umzekelo, umfazi umlawuli, umlawuli umongikazi, nezinto ezinjengezo. Ityala umdla, kukho nini na ukudlala ngamagama. Pun isekelwe kwinto yokuba uhlobo kwizibizo ubudoda kule the wesenzo kwaye genitive twatse ngesandi nopelo. Ngoko kulula kakhulu ukuba ulungelelaniso kulawulo, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba yonke kwinqanaba kum, ukuba kuthi.

1. Wayengakwazi kunceda indoda enothando, ugqirha.
   
   Izibizo 'iqabane' yaye "gqirha" kule kwisicatshulwa ezinxulumene sivumelwano, yaye sobabini kwimeko wesenzo.
   
   
2. Wayengakwazi ukunceda kodwa umthande indoda ngugqirha.
   
   Kule meko, kuphela igama elithi 'iqabane' ume kwimeko wesenzo. Ukubuza umbuzo othi "Umfazi lowo? ugqirha "kujongwe ukuba Oxhomekeke kwimeko genitive, yintoni na ilizwi efunekayo isitshixo. Ngenxa yoko, i uxhulumaniso kuthiwa ulawulo. Kwi ngokubhala onke amazwi ziyafana, kuphela kwimeko yesibini, akukho iqhagamshela, nto leyo etshintsha nje udidi ngokwegrama amagama ixhomekeke, kodwa kakhulu intsingiselo oko kwakuthethwa.

ulwimi Russian umdla gqitha yaye ezininzi. bokuqonda ezifihlakeleyo usebenzise imidibaniso amagama ngokucokisekileyo ukufunda nokuqonda, ukuba bangene imeko osisiyatha.