Unxibelelaniso bokwakha

Unxibelelaniso ebizwa trends avant-garde bokwakha, ubugcisa kunye yezandla kunye arts ne nokufota. Le style iye yaphuhliswa kwixesha ukususela 1920 ukuya ekuqaleni elishumi ezayo.

Iimpawu ezibalaseleyo Unxibelelaniso - nakubungqongqo, iimilo laconic, geometrizm kunye nenkangeleko monolithic. Constructivists bade wadala umbutho esemthethweni sokuyila kwaye ziphuhliswe zabo esebenza indlela yoyilo. Indlela esekelwe phezu uhlahlelo ukusebenza izakhiwo, izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo zenzululwazi. Unxibelelaniso bokwakha igcinwa ezikhumbuzo yoqobo - amakhitshi zorhwebo, amabhotwe yabasebenzi, amaqela abasebenzi, oomasipala, amakhaya ezazakhiwe ngaloo mihla.

Abo libonakala bokuyila ezidibanisa i ngcamango yokuba "Unxibelelaniso", kuthwelwe kuphela bokwakha, kodwa nakwezinye iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, umzekelo, kule ncwadi.

Ngaphandle kokuba le ndawo kuthathwa isenzeko yiSoviet, njengayo nayiphi na kuba uvalelwe amazwe USSR. Mhlawumbi kwabanye oko kuya kuba iindaba, kodwa intwasahlobo kwesimbo Unxibelelaniso bokwakha nayo Eiffel Tower, okuhlanganisa zombini iziqalelo constructivist kunye modernist.

Loo flow yavela efuna rhoqo into entsha. Izinto belo xesha babenyusa ligatya "vutshila ngenxa ubugcisa ngayo", yaye wayekholelwa ukuba ifanele ukuvelisa. Amarhamente le mbono kuthiwa amagcisa nabayili ukudala izinto kuphela luncedo, ngaloo ndlela ubomi ezilungileyo kwizixeko bekhululekile. Igama elithi "Unxibelelaniso" woziswa nkolelo ulwimi Russian of "ubugcisa yemveliso", esona sizathu siphambili yaba kukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwi iiphamflethi kunye neentetho nabayili elithi "eyakhayo", "uyilo", "design".

Le sesakhiwo Unxibelelaniso, kwakunye nawuphi na icala, uye abameli balo likhanya ngamandla. It bazalwana Z, uVictor noAlesandire Vesnin, ngubani waqonda ubuhle engazalanga le meko, iingcali sele abanamava kuyilo lwezakhiwo, ukupeyinta, kunye neencwadi noyilo. projekthi bazalwana ngaphandle kukhuphiswano sakhiwo Yabasebenzi Palace kwisixeko eMoscow. Isicwangciso kwande elihambisana ubuso engaphandle nobuhle mihla, ukusetyenziswa izinto zokwakha kunye zokwakha latest - konke oku yaba yokukhawulezisa ulwalathiso kuphuhliso "Unxibelelaniso".

Architecture - umba kunzima kakhulu, yaye kwinqanaba elilandelayo le Vesnin kuthi inzima kakhulu elidlulileyo. Ngoko, kwafuneka ukuba bayile isakhiwo iphephandaba 'Leningradskaya PRAVDA "kwisiqwenga elincinane somhlaba. Abazalwana kumisa isakhiwo esincinane esinemigangatho-ezintandathu, kodwa ke yonke into: isithuba ofisi, kwaye igumbi wokuhlela, kunye isitendi kunye yokulinda, kwaye igumbi elincinane ukufunda, kuba kukukwazi iqela le nendawo efunekayo kakhulu into enye - loo msebenzi uphambili Constructivists.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, Unxibelelaniso bokwakha waba indlela yayo yokusebenza. Ngokutsho Constructivists, umsebenzi ngamnye ingqinelana kwisakhiwo inengqondo kakhulu.

Kwakukho ixesha xa abo babebambelele bamgxeka lwela ilungelo lokusebenzisa iintlobo zemveli, kamva akuvumelekile. ESoviet Union yaba umzabalazo asebenzayo ngokuchasene yoohlohlesakhe icala kunye engile tye. Xa Constructivists e lihlazo, abanye abakhi enokuba undilibele, yaye abanye - ukuziqhelanisa nolu tshintsho. Abanye abaphengululi Soviet bathi "postconstructivism" yiza ngexesha shift.

Unxibelelaniso bokwakha kanye wenza kwakhona ngokwayo ngayo kwi 60s, xa umzabalazo kunye "extravagances wezakhiwo", yaye 1990, ezinye ingcamango nemizimba 20 ukuba ibe yinyani. Namhlanje ke phezu kubonakala kwi sesakhiwo kwizixeko ezikhulu.