Yintoni nesezindlu, yaye kutheni kufuneka?

Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, into ose- ilula. Le Ingxenye yezakhiwo, esetyenziswa yi abantu ukususela kwimihla Greece yamandulo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba ningazange nimbone nokumbona, wena bayaphazama. Thatha ujongo kwi amahlelo hlobo Russian mihla $ 100, kwelinye icala, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kwakhiwe Bolshoi Theatre. Phambili kwiikholam ezisibhozo, ethwele uphahla olunxantathu, apho ke umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Apollo kwi Quadriga isebenza Klodt - oku kwivaranda. Kwaye loo nto malunga phi kwaye nini lwesi sakhi bokwakha, ezinye izakhiwo abaziwayo azihombise kuyo, zama ukukuxelela kweli nqaku.

Yintoni na?

Igama elithi "Ivaranda 'sisuka porticus Latin, gama elo elithetha" gallery ". Ose- bokwakha - inxalenye lithe tso ngesakhiwo lisekwa malungu baxhase ezixhasa yophahla, njengemiqulu, nezingqameko kunye pilasters. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko inomda udonga ngaphakathi lwesakhiwo kwaye sivulelekile kwenye okanye nangaphezulu amaqela angaphandle. Ngenxa yoko, le isiqalelo siqulathe zizahlulo ezithathu eziphambili: iikholam, ngokusekelwe entablature zabo pediment, uvutho- isakhiwo yonke. Yintoni nesezindlu? Amafoto thaca ngezantsi, ibonisa kakuhle oku.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala nesezindlu lenziwa nabayili zamaGrike. Basebenzisa nje kuphela njengento zokwakha, kodwa nje stand-alone isakhiwo. Ukususela nesezindlu yamandulo yamaGrike belibolekiwe yaye kamva zisetyenziswa ngempumelelo abakhi eRoma yamandulo. Ukusuka apho ke kulo ihlabathi yaye yaba negalelo elikhulu malunga neenkcubeko ezininzi zaseYurophu. Into yokuba ose- onjalo owayesaziwa ephakathi eYurophu, apho waleka lwefacade zeecawa kunye amabhotwe. ithandwa enkulu wayekuthanda kwi European classicism XVIII-XIX eminyaka.

Kutheni lento kufuneka?

Abakhi ukusebenzisa le ngxenye ukusombulula iingxaki ezahlukeneyo:

• sokubhalisa ekungeneni engundoqo eya kwisakhiwo;
• njengoko inyanda oyintlanganisela phakathi embindini kunye nesivuno yinqambi;
• njengoko element yokugqibela lwendawo central lomculo umgca ebhotwe.

iintlobo

Ukuthetha ngento ose-, kubalulekile ukuqaphela inani elikhulu kweentlobo yayo. Ukuba ngaba uye kungena iinkcukacha zokwakha kunye nolwakhiwo, ulwahlulohlulo kakhulu elula ngokusekelwe kwinani lwemihlathi asetyenziswa kwimeko ethile.

Four umhlathi, njengokuba igama lixela, enemilenze emine. Ku zazisetyenziswa bokwakha zamandulo zamaGrike namaRoma ekwakheni iitempile kunye nezakhiwo zoluntu. Eyona idumileyo-umhlathi ezine kwivaranda kwi bokwakha - kodwa emantla House White eUnited States.

column-Six Doric zinokuhonjiswa yefacade izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo zonqulo Greece yamandulo, ezifana endlwini Poseidon eCape Sunium okanye indlu Concordia e Agrigento. Olu hlobo nesezindlu kwaye zisetyenziswe ukuhombisa ezinye tempile isimbo Ionic, ezifana Erechtheion e Athens Acropolis. Emva amazwe kwimimandla esemazantsi eItali ngamaGrike yayamkela le Etruscans namaRoma. Namhlanje, omnye weyona mizekelo kakuhle abalondolozwa yamaRoma nesezindlu-columned ezintandathu i Mezon Karre e French Nimes. Kwaye e St. Petersburg, bayiminquba Admiralty elijonge Neva eweni, ungabona iisampuli classical Russian ezi zinto ngobugcisa.

Octastyle - it porticos iqanjwa ezinde ezisibhozo. Used in bokwakha lwamandulo ngesiGrike, abasakwazi inqabile, kodwa wasinda izakhiwo ezinjalo izakhi data, njengoko Roman yonk 'into ekuthiwa, okanye Athene iParthenon. Olu hlobo porticoes zezo ayivathise kobuhle i Bolshoi Theatre ekwakheni eMoscow Sinodi eSt Petersburg.

Decastyle - kukuthi, umzekelo, nesezindlu i Hermitage Entsha e St. Petersburg kunye neYunivesithi College eLondon kwimiqolo-lisekela ezilishumi.

porticoes City - Bologna

Ukuba zonke ezinye izixeko namazwe wesakhiwo, zinokuhonjiswa lwesi sakhi, kufuneka ukhangele, e Bologna, Italy, ukuba evarandeni enjalo, nawuphi na ummi owaziyo kwaye ubonise ngovuyo indlela ukuya kumbindi wesixeko. Malunga 38 km Iiveranda iqhele kwiziko wembali, kwaye cloisters, uwele porticoes kweso sixeko. Kakhulu umdla libali inkangeleko yalo. Ephakathi Bologna yaba ngumba kakhulu elibukhali kunye neendawo mveliso kunye nezorhwebo. Amagosa ngelo xesha weza indlela kunokuba yohlobo liphuma meko; bagqiba ukwandisa indawo luncedo izakhiwo ngenxa nokususwa inxalenye kwintsimi esitratweni. Ngaphezu koko, isakhiwo we amashishini ezahlukeneyo kunye namashishini kwiindawo ezivulekileyo kwatsala ingqalelo balapha kunye nabatyeleli. Ekuqaleni, neengqameko zalo ixhaswe imiqadi zomthi, ezithi ke ngoko indawo kunye emarmore emhlophe, namatye isekela. Abaninzi kubo baye kuphela ixabiso yezakhiwo kodwa zembali.