Isitashi kwizilwanyana. Ukuqulunqa ikhogram

ukufunda Scatological (scatology) Kala - inkqubo laboratory ukuba kuyanceda ngokukhawuleza kuqokelela inani eliphezulu ulwazi malunga nomsebenzi kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. Olu luvavanyo umlinganiselo oluqhutywa inkqubo izifo ezikhoyo, kwaye emiselweyo uyohlolwa eqhelekileyo. Ngalo umntu ukufumanisa ukuba istatshi isitulo, nokuba kukho ukopha efihlakeleyo isisu, ukuba isigulane losulelwe gazi njalo ngoku. D.

Njengoko isifundo olwenziwe? Indlela iisampulu esitulweni? Ziziphi Iimpawu zithathelwa ingqalelo? Indlela ukuwuqonda coprogram? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo ziya kuba 'umdla yaye iluncedo kubafundi abaninzi.

Yintoni coprogram kwaye apho kuliwa?

Ukubeka uphethwe elichanekileyo, qaphela ubukho sifo ayikhankanyi ngaphandle uvavanyo oluthile. Scatology isitulo - enye yeendlela zophando kakhulu ethandwa, ngok kwaye luyafumaneka. Olu hlahlelo laboratory olwenziwa phantse yonke esibhedlele.

Esitulweni, iimpawu zabo ngokwasemzimbeni yemichiza Ukwakhiwa na onokumxelela okuninzi malunga nomsebenzi wawo umzimba. Ngokukodwa, ukufunda iziphumo, ugqirha wakho ukuchonga iimpawu wokugaya yabantu. Ukongeza, uvavanyo isetyenziswa zokufumanis isibindi nenyongo isinyi, injeke, isisu. Gciwane abantwana sezifo inceda ukufumana umfanekiso opheleleyo kuphuhliso wokugaya, ubukho ukusilela metabolic. Uphononongo buyafuneka ngenxa uxilongo losulelo helminth, kwakunye uzingela ukopha efihliweyo zesisu.

Indlela ukulungiselela uhlalutyo?

Akukho izifo ezininzi kangaka enyama yangaphakathi, uxilongo umahluko akufuneki ukuba ukufumana coprogram. Ugqirha wakho angamisela uphando ukukhangela ukuba ngaba otashi ekhoyo kwi isitulo, kukho naliphi na ikhethe ziintshulube, iiprotheni okanye igazi ubugqi njalo njalo. D. Kuyinto umbuzo yendalo kukuba ingaba uphando kufuna ukulungiselela ethile. Ezinye imithetho kuya kunceda ukufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo:

• A iintsuku ezimbalwa bayacetyiswa ukuba agcine ezisisiseko, ukutya okunempilo phambi ukuqokelela iisampulu. Ukususela ukutya kufuneka ngaphandle imifuno ezinemibala, intlanzi, inyama okunamafutha kunye, Kakade ke, ukutya kunye nedayi yokutya.
• Ukuba ngaba uthatha nawaphi na amayeza ngaphandle ithuba ukuyeka unyango iintsuku ezimbalwa, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho.
• Kucingo olubiyele ayikwazi yenziwe ngabafazi esexesheni - ngcono ukuba ulinde de lugqitywe.
• Xa kunjalo, ukuba defecation kukho ingxaki (umzekelo, ukuqhina), musa ukusebenzisa laxatives okanye enemas, njengoko oku bayasigqwetha iziphumo zovavanyo. Kubhetele ukuba ulinde intshukumo yesisu yendalo.

Indlela Kwathi esitulweni?

Iziphumo zohlalutyo baxhomekeke kakhulu alungiselelwe kunye Ukuqokelela isampuli. Ekubeni endleni Kwathi? Akukho nzima kule nkqubo apho. Ukuqokelela iisampuli Kucetyiswa ukuba athenge isingxobo ezizodwa isiciko. izikhongozeli enjalo kuthengiswa phantse naluphi ekhemesti. Zibonisa ukuba spatula ukhululekile ukuqokelela esitulweni.

Phambi kokuba nkqubo kumele ukuba zihlanjwe, kungenjalo ngexesha lesifundo inokufumaneka eziphilayo uncharacteristic yintsholongwane, iiseli epithelial, iikhemikali, leyo, Kakade ke, kuchaphazela inkqubo ngakumbi diagnostic. Uthango kubanjwa ngoko nangoko emva defecation.

Ngokutsho elebhu uhlalutyo ngokupheleleyo izinto ezifunekayo isixa netispuni enye. iisampulu ezincinci kunokunganeli ukuphumeza zonke iimvavanyo. Isitulo kufuneka ithunyelwe elebhu ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka - kweeyure ungadlulanga owe-5-7 emva kokutya ubisi. Okukhona ukugcina biomaterial, kokukhona amathuba ukufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo, ngenxa yokuba phantsi kwempembelelo imiba yokusingqongileyo (ukukhanya, ubushushu, umoya) wamginya ngabanye ngamacandelwana imichiza isitulo ekhokelela uhlaba ulwazi. Umthamo zeesampulu kufuneka refrigerated.

Ukuba coprogram lwenziwa kwiintsana, abazali musa singacebisi ukuchitha ucingo endleni ukusuka ilweyile - ngcono kunokuba ibekwe ngaphambili phantsi usana ilweyile uhlambulukile. Xa engekho iisampuli ezizodwa khonteyina yeplastiki nga mazifakwe kwijokhwe yakho yeglasi, kodwa kuqala kufuneka zicocwe.

Scatology: ukucazulula eziqhelekileyo kumanqanaba

Emva kokuqhuba ngokuhlahlela eziyimfuneko walungisa iphepha lemibuzo okhethekileyo. Kukho iimpawu zomzimba kunye imichiza ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ethatha ingqalelo scatology. Ukucazulula nokutolikwa kwale data - umsebenzi kagqirha. Noko ke, unako simazi endleleni, ngokuyinene, kufuneka Zifana iziphumo:

• isihlalo ukungaguquguquki brown eqinileyo kwaye ngaphandle inclusions yencindi, igazi kunye nokutya ibele ngaphandle komsi ngokugqithiseleyo elibi okanye olonakalisayo;
• isiqulatho kwamanzi okuqhelekileyo endleni yi 80%;
• i-pH reaction kufuneka ibe cala;
• leukocytes, yibilirubin, iiproteins kunye istatshi ekuhlalutyeni isitulo kufuneka abe khona;
• It ukuba inani elincinane imicu kwezihlunu.

Ngokwendalo, isixa data kwi sicelo inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke phezu gqirha. Umzekelo, ukuba kufuneka Kwathi njengesihlalo kwi carbohydrate, elebhu oqhuba indlela, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa yobukho starch, kodwa ezahlukeneyo yayo. Kunjalo nasekuhlolweni igazi nemimoya.

Ubunjalo bomzimba isitulo: njengoko kuboniswa ecaleni?

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka isifundo kwemichiza ukwakhiwa ithe, izifundo elebhu, yaye yenza ukuba khweshine neempawu zomzimba. ke akukho kangako ukuvelisa coprogram quality elungileyo.

Ngendlela, ezinye ukuphazamiseka isigulane kufuneka kuqatshelwe kuphela ngokwakho. Umzekelo, kukho udidi kumyinge yonke imihla mabaphakelwe ngendle. Ngokuba umntu omdala 100-200 g Ngokuqhelekileyo, sithetha xa isigulane ithobelana ne ekutyeni ekunene:

• ulwabiwo ubuncinane 100 g endleni ngosuku waphawula ukuba kwesisu imvelaphi ezahlukeneyo;
• 200 g kusoloko ibonisa ukudumba isifo isisu, baphume ngokukhawuleza ubunzima ukutya, amanzi elingonelanga enyongweni;
• ukuba usuku umntu uchitha ngaphezulu kwe-1 kg ilindle, libonisa njengentsilelo enzulu zepancreas.

Enye into ebalulekileyo - guquki. Gciwane 80% amanzi. Utyatyazo, eli nani liphuma kwi-95%, kodwa ukuqhina kunye nokuhla umlinganiselo wokubanzi ukuya 70-65%. Endleni omdala eqhelekileyo zinokuhonjiswa, abe texture ngokuqinileyo. Yintoni uthi Uhlalutyo:

• intabalala semi-njengesihlalo kunye ubumdaka olunamafutha sinokubonisa malabsorption kwamafutha emathunjini;
• endleni pasty ivela xa ukuphazamiseka duct secretion ayoneli kunye injeke;
• evakalala, amaqhekeza mushy kubonisa inkqubo yokukhulisa yokubola, yokudumba, enteritis;
• endleni alulwelo kubonakala ukuba iinkqubo zokwetyisa emathunjini amancinci;
• isitulo Solid band-ezimilise okanye ezijikeleze-ezimile ekuwungqingeni ukuqhina, hemorrhoids, kwaye kananjalo ekubunjweni yamathumba kwi ikholoni;
• semi-ulwelo, foamy isitulo uphawu yokubola sikabhobhosi kunye ocaphuka msinya kwamathumbu syndrome.

Into ebalulekileyo ukuba uphethwe umbala esitulweni:

• ukukhanya isitulo ubungqina brown of ngobungxamo ngokukhawuleza imixholo emathunjini;
• cal sayingqombela nombala kuvandlakanywa nangokurhala, izilonda le isifo colon;
• ngokuba ukunyhashwa motility yokwetyisa kunye nezigulane badla uqaphele emathunjini amancinci, kusihlalo uba yellow;
• isitulo White isenokubonisa kwizithinteli biliary;
• kuzo izifo ithe nepancreas unakho ukufumana izimvi ngwevu okanye omthubi.

Ke ezinye iimpawu, ngoko ingqalelo ivumba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko kuxhomekeke ikakhulu kwi ukutya kunye ubungakanani ukutya protein ziphele. Lo ngumba luluvo, nangona akumelanga kuhoywa. Umzekelo, kukho ivumba asidi kungabonisa ukubila ukuqunjelwa. Strong ukunuka uphawu izifo pancreatic ukugula lokuhamba inyongo. Xa phambili ngokukhawuleza isitulo iingqimba ukutya ivumba uphawu lwe butyric acid.

Kuyaqondakala ukuba iimpawu zomzimba baxhomekeke ngqo kwi amandla. Yiloo nto kwiintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokuba unikezelo yokuhlaziya kucetyiswa ukuba bafudukele elula, ukutya okunempilo. Kukuzingxala, ukutya engqongqo, ukusetyenziswa iidayi kunye kwisigcinakaliso - zonke ezo lunokuyitshintsha iziphumo.

ndle Reaction pH

Ngokwahlukeneyo kuyimfuneko ukwaba parameter efana pH. isitulo reaction kufuneka ibe cala - imilinganiselo yayo uluhlu phakathi 6.8-7.6. Ukuba data zohlalutyo lingachanekanga, ngoko kwephulwa zilandelayo:

• indlela awana kwenzeka kwisiqalo kwephulwa ukwetyisa kwi emathunjini amancinci;
• awana abanokusabela abonisa izifo pancreatic, ukuphazamiseka of ukwetyisa esiswini, ukwanda umsebenzi secretory kwi ikholoni, wenze;
• rezkoschelochnaya asabela ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa ukubola izenzakalo dyspeptic;
• zomlomo indawo asidi, phezu koko, icebisa ukuqunjelwa ezinxulumene neenkqubo kakhulu yokubola ethunjini;
• abangaxhalabisiyo bume asidi inxulunyaniswa malabsorption ye asidi okunamafutha.

Hi ndlela leyi, endleni yomntwana unganikeza indlela acid, ingakumbi ukuba usana ibhotile-ukutya - oku kubangelwa ukwakhiwa olungumgubo lweentsana usana, ngoko umele Ungakhathazeki kwangaphambili. Kuba Isisombululo ukuxilongwa ufuna ingcaciso engaphezulu.

Le khemikhali Ukubunjwa endleni: nanjengokwesimo kwaye ukutenxa

Emva kokufunda physical Ipharamitha Iteknishiyeni iya isifundo umchiza ukwakhiwa ngendle. Ngoko ke kufuneka sibe khona endleni yabantu yaye yintoni nezifo imiselwe kulo hlalutyo?

• osemqoka embi ubukho iiprothini iisampuli ngendle. phambi kwayo ukuze ubonise enteritis, dysbiosis, izilonda sisilonda ye phecana wokudla, gastritis, umhlaza, ehlola efakwa nengxelo hemorrhoids.
• Athwala - icandelo iiseli ezibomvu, apho angekhoyo endleni yabantu usempilweni. igazi ubugqi izilonda ezintle, bleedings kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye lokugaya (kuquka umlomo), kwaye ukuyilwa polyp, hemorrhoids, ukopha diathesis.
• Stercobilin - into ezikhandelwa ngexesha kuwohloka iimolekyuli mpilo. Ukunciphisa inani ibonisa bakhe i-pancreatitis, hepatitis, cholangitis, nomonakalo wesibindi. Kodwa yanyuka umxholo wayo endleni uyaqapheleka anemia hemolytic.
• Yibilirubin ibanjiwe endleni ka omdala neefom okunzima dysbacteriosis nokwandisa motility emathunjini. Hi ndlela leyi, abantwana kunyaka wabo wokuqala bezelwe, le nto ingase khona.
• Ubukho iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ibonisa nangokurhala, nokudumba ingakumbi sisilonda, segazi, umhlaza, isifo sephepha le ngekhefu.
• Ubukho ubumdaka kwi isitulo imazi ibonakalisa ngamanye amaxesha ibonisa ubukho zokugula emathunjini.
• Ukuba ithe iqulethe inani elikhulu kwimicu izihlunu, oko kusenokubonisa ukuba inani ezimbi, kubandakanywa ukuqunjelwa, ukuqhina, sisilonda sikabhobhosi, inyongo irisithi kakuhle, iinkqubo zokugaya ukusilela.
• esiswini kwi emathunjini amancinci, flow elingonelanga inyongo, ukuqunjelwa putrefactive kunye fermentative sikhatshwe ukukhutshwa okunamafutha acid kunye endleni.

Ukongeza, uhlalutyo ilindle inceda nokuxilonga izifo olwaye lwamfimfitha. Endleni abe amaqanda langoku, kwindawo okanye ziqwempu helminths kunye giardia, segazi amoeba kunye nezinye kwamagciwane.

Istatshi endleni - kuyingozi?

Ngamaxesha izifundo laboratory ibhaqwe istatshi endleni. Ntoni isiphumo oku ukuba kuyima?

Okokuqala, qaphela ukuba otashi i carbohydrate enzima, i cleavage apho iqala emlonyeni iphela ngekhefu. Ngexesha ukusebenza eqhelekileyo inkqubo yokucola ukutya lo mgubo abole egxile ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba iinkozo otashi ilindle abakhoyo, libonisa esaziwa amayeza phantsi elithi "amylorrhea".

Amylorrhea - asinto sisifo elizimeleyo, kodwa ngenxa amanxeba ezithile lokugaya. Ukuba, ngethuba otashi eyafunyanwa iimviwo isitulo kwi umntu omdala, oko kubonisa ubukho miba ilandelayo:

• ukuqunjelwa fermentative;
• gastritis kunye nezinye izifo sikhatshwe disorder esebenzayo yomsebenzi isisu;
• ukuphazamiseka zepancreas, nto leyo ebangelwa ukudumba okanye yome;
• ukudumba ancedisana eludongeni wamathumbu (enye iimpawu zabo ukukhuthazwa inginginya ukutya olukhawulezisiweyo iphecana isisu, nto leyo enqanda bamane nje ixesha ukwahlula iicarbohydrate complex).

Ukuba abantwana bazibandakanya, iziphumo zohlalutyo Inokuchazwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Istatshi endleni ka umntwana kunyaka wokuqala wobomi aziyi ezinxulumene ezithile sifo. Kule minyaka amylorrhea ithathwa njengokuba kuyinto eqhelekileyo, njengoko wokugaya komntwana likwinkqubo wesiseko. Wezifo usenokuncomela ulungiso ekutyeni encinane nomonde. Ukwenzela ukunciphisa inani walidla otashi, ungakwazi ukuthatha ixesha off (okanye ukunciphisa inani) yeetapile, amapere kunye neebhanana ukuba indawo yeepesika, ama-apile kunye nezinye iziqhamo.

Ukucebisa Kwathi njengesihlalo kwi carbohydrate, ugqirha elindele ukufumana olunye ulwazi olongezelelweyo. Umzekelo, unako ukuchaza iindidi ezimbini iikhompawundi endleni:

• Ukuba sithethe ngayo iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, le ekudleni iqulethwe ngaphakathi kwi seli, ikhuselwe cover izityalo, leyo kwinkqubo eqhelekileyo ukwetyisa kufuneka iba ngokupheleleyo. starch Intracellular endleni, ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa lunyhasho peristalsis nokufuduswa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ukutya ukusuka ubunzima emathunjini. Nokuba incindi yokwetyisa ngesi ngokwaneleyo kwaye iqulethe zonke enzayim kuyimfuneko, izondlo bamane nje ixesha bahlukane.
• Ngamanye amaxesha ngexesha uxilongo ukubona istatshi extracellular endleni. Ngokwesiqhelo ezinjalo Iinkozo idubule kwakhona ukuba kungabi. Kunjalo, lunyhasho enjalo kwaphawulwa ngokuchasene nentsukaphi yokunciphisa esiswini acid secretion, kwakunye nokungabikho amylase ngamathe kunye ijusi pancreatic umhlaza.

Kuthekani ukuba umntwana ifumaneka endleni ka istatshi?

Kakade ke, abazali abaninzi bakhathazeka umbuzo ukuba benze ntoni xa otashi ifumaneka endleni yomntwana. Ingaba amylorrhea inobungozi nje? Kungakhathaliseki ubudala isigulane ubukho carbohydrate endleni zifuna uphando olongezelelweyo.

Ukuphelisa oko kuyimfuneko kuqala kwesizathu, nokuba ingaba i-enteritis, i-dysbacteriosis, i-pancreatitis okanye nayiphina ingxaki. Enyanisweni, i-amylorea idinga ukulungiswa kokutya. Ingakumbi, kucetyiswa ukunciphisa inani lemveliso equkethe isitashi (oku kusebenza kwiitatayi, isonka, izinto ezibhaka, njl.). Ukuba isigulane sinomsebenzi ongenamsebenzi we-enzyme, kufuneka ukuba ithathe amalungiselelo enzyme akhethekileyo.

Isiphelo

Inkcitho yophando - inkqubo elula, kodwa enemfundo kakhulu, eyona nxalenye yoxilongo. Nangona kunjalo, akufanele aguqule iziphumo zayo ngokuzimela. Naliphi na into efunyenwe ngexesha lohlalutyo, nokuba ingaba isitashi emanzini, i-protein ephezulu, umkhondo wegazi, iziphumo zimele ziboniswe kwizakhono zengcali. Iiprogram enye nje ayanele ngokwaneleyo ukuxilonga - udinga iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo.