Umva ubuhlungu emva kwe-anesthesia ye-epidural: yintoni oyenzayo? I-Epidural blockade: umgaqo wesenzo, iziphumo, ukuphonononga

Ukuvinjwa kwe-Epidural yomgudu yindlela apho amayeza ajojowe ngqo kwimvelaphi yentlungu. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukulahleka kobutyebi kwindawo yokubhenca.

Impembelelo yokwelapha ifumaneka ngokulawulwa ngokufanayo kwamachiza amaninzi. Ngokukodwa, iinqununu ezichaphazelekayo zineempembelelo ezihambelanayo kunye nomxininiso ophezulu kwi-focus focus. Kukho isenzo esicacisayo kuwo onke amanqanaba enkqubo yesantya.

Yintoni ekhuselekileyo umgudu?

Ziyintoni i-anesthesia ye-epidural, kwaye yiziphi iimpawu zokuziphatha kwayo - le mibuzo neminye eminye inomdla kwizigulane. Le yenye yezona ndlela ziqhelekileyo ze-anesthesia zendawo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezonyango. I-Blockade iyenziwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomthambo womthamo, kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokungenelela. Ngomyinge wolwakhiwo, isetyenziselwa kwingingqi ye-lumbar, njenge-anesthetic ngexesha lesiganeko okanye i-anesthesia ngexesha lokubeletha.

Kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, isigaba se-caesarean senziwa kuphela phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa i-anesthesia zineempembelelo ezininzi. Imiphumo ye-epidural block blockkade ekuqhubeni isigaba se-quarantine ayilusizi kakhulu, ekubeni akukho miphumo echaphazelekayo kumama nomntwana. Inzuzo enkulu kulolu hlobo lwe-anesthesia, ngokungafani ne- anesthesia jikelele, kukulondolozwa kwengqondo yomama. Nangona kunjalo, kulungile ukuba sikhumbule ukuba akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa le ndlela, oko kutheni ukuhlolwa kokuqala kunye nokubonisana nodokotela kuyadingeka.

Ukuthintela njani umlenze

Ukwazi ukuba yiyiphi i-anesthesia ye-epidural kunye nobungqina obunayo, unokukwazi ukukwazi ukuyenza. Inkqubo idinga ukulungiswa okuncinane kwesigulane. Ukukhusela kubandakanya ukungenwa kwe-anesthetic phantsi kolawulo lwe-X-ray, okuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokukhusela okupheleleyo kokuphathwa. Ngokomyinge, le nkunkuma ayidluli ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-20. Impembelelo ye-Anesthetic iza ngokukhawuleza kwaye ihlala kwiinyanga ezili-6.

Xa uqhuba i-anesthesia phambi kweengxaki ezinzulu emva, ugqirha ubona isigulane ngeeyure eziyi-1-2 kwisibhedlele, aze amkhuphe ekhaya. Kwimeko apho i-blockade yanikezela ngemiphumo efunekayo, kodwa umphumo wayo ube mfutshane, kunokwenzeka ukuvelisa kwakhona isiza.

Iinkcazo

Abaninzi banomdla kwindlela i-anesthesia ye-epidural eyenziwe ngayo kwaye yintoni ebonisa ngayo. Ngokukodwa, le nkqubo yenziwa:

• Ngecandelo lokutya;
• Ukuzala komzimba;
• Ukukhulelwa kuhamba kunye ne-hypoxia;
• Ukuhluleka kwentliziyo ye-Fetal;
• Izifo ezinzima kumfazi ohamba phambili;
• Isikhundla esingalunganga se-fetus;
• Anomalies zabasebenzi.

Ukongeza kwimizimba yokukhusela, ukukhutshwa kwe-epidural isasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimisebenzi. Ingakumbi, ingaqhutywa:

• Ekusebenzeni kwintsimi ye-perineum;
• Ingenelelo lokuphanda ngaphakathi kwisigxina esiswini;
• Urological operation;
• Ingenelelo lokuphanda kwindlela yokuhlinzwa ngethambo;
• Ugqirha kumalungu, amathambo.

Le nkqubo ingasetyenziswa ngokubambisana ne-anesthesia jikelele. Oku kuya kunciphisa kakhulu umyinge weeyeza zentlungu, esiza kugula isigulane.

Iinjongo eziphambili ze-epidural blockade

Inkqubo enjalo ineenzuzo ezithile, ngokukodwa, njenge:

• Isigulane siyazi;
• Uqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesimo senhliziyo;
• Unokusetyenziswa ngesisu esipheleleyo;
• Asicasuli indlela yokuphefumula;
• Ivumela ukuphelisa intlungu emva kokusebenza.

Xa usebenzisa i-anesthesia kwisigaba se-caesarean okanye ngexesha lokubambisa, akukho siphumo esinobungozi emzimbeni, kwaye i-hypoxia yobusana ayikho. Ingaba ukwenza i-anesthesia ye-epidural, izigulane zigqiba kunye kunye nogqirha, ngokubhekiselele kwizibonakaliso ezikhoyo kunye nokunikezelwa kweengqinisiso.

Ukungqinelana

I-Anesthesia ngokusungulwa kwe-anesthetic kwisithuba se-epidural, ngaphezu kwengubo yokusetyenziswa, inokuphikiswa. Yingakho kufuneka udibane nogqirha, kunye nokuhlolwa okupheleleyo. Ukuchasana kunokuba yindawo yangaphakathi kunye neyonke. Ezi zilandelayo ziquka izinto ezifana:

• Ukuxhamla;
• I-Pathology yesibindi;
• Iingxaki ze-Neurotic.

Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela kunye nokuchasana kwendawo, okubandakanya oku:

• Ubuninzi beenkqubo zokuvuvukala kwimeko yentlungu;
• Ukuphambuka kokuphuhliswa kwesakhiwo seethambo;
• Ukunganyamezelani komntu ngamacandelo e-analgesic.

Inkqubo ayenzwanga ukuphulwa kwegazi coagulability, kwimeko yesimo esibi sesigulane, kunye nexesha lokutya (ukuncelisa).

Kutheni ibuyiswe ngumva wam emva komsebenzi?

Izigulane ezininzi ziyabona ukuba emva kokuba i-anesthesia ye-epidural ibuhlungu.

Iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu zingenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Okokuqala, isigulane kufuneka siqonde ukuba nantoni na ukuphazamiseka emzimbeni kungakhokelela kwimiphumo emibi. Ukuba isilenze senziwa kwindawo yomgudu, intlungu iya kuba yinkqubo engokwemvelo, kodwa ayiyi kuhlala ixesha elide. Ubuninzi bexesha lobuhlungu buphela nje iintsuku ezimbalwa.

Umqolo ubuhlungu emva kokuba i-anesthesia ye-epidural ayinamandla kakhulu, intlungu ibuhlungu kakhulu, efana neyobuhlungu emva kweeyunithi eziqhelekileyo ezenziwe kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Oku kucatshulwa yinto yokuba ukucaphukisa kwenzeka kwiintlobo ezininzi ezivela kwi-catheter okanye inaliti. Emva kwexesha, intlungu leyo iya kudlula ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwanamaphi amayeza kunye neenkqubo ezongezelelweyo.

Ukuba umva ubuhlungu emva kwe-anesthesia ye-epidural kunye nenkqubo yokuvuvukala ibonakala, oku kusenokuthi ukuba usulelo lufakwe kwisayithi yokuxela. Olu khetho lunokwenzeka kuphela xa abasebenzi bezonyango beyenze ngokungafanelekanga inkqubo kwaye abazange bahlaziye izixhobo zonyango, ezibangele ukusuleleka. Xa usulelekileyo, kukho intloko eyongezelelweyo, ukushisa kwenyuka, kwaye izinga lentliziyo landa.

Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, intlungu emva emva kwe-anesthesia epidural. Into enokuyenza kunye nendlela yokusombulula le ngxaki, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba, kuba oku kungabangela ukuphulwa okukhulu. Kungenxa yoko, xa kwenzeka intlungu encinci, kuyimfuneko ukubonisana nogqirha ukuze uviwo lufumaneke kwaye unyango olufanelekileyo.

Iimpazamo zonyango ngexesha le nkqubo

Ukuba umva ubuhlungu emva kwe-anesthesia ye-epidural, esi sizathu sokuba isilwanyana singeniswa ngokungafanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iimpazamo zezokwelapha azifaneki. Njengomthetho, zixhomekeke kumava angenelisekile ngamava. Makhe sicinge ngemiphumo ye-anesthesia ngexesha lokubeletha.

Ugqirha unokuthintela iingcambu zentambo yomgudu ngexesha lomsebenzi. Kunzima kakhulu ukungena kwindawo ye-epidural, ngoko, ngexesha le nkqubo, unokuchaphazeleka:

• Imithambo yegazi;
• Hernia;
• Izigulane zomgudu.

Ingozi kakhulu umonakalo kwiingcambu zomlenze womgca wesipelini.

Ekubeni kuninzi imithambo yegazi kwindawo yokulawulwa kweziyobisi, ugqirha unokukhubeka kwi-plexus ye-vein. Intlungu kule meko idlula ngokuzimeleyo, ngaphandle kokungeniswa kweyeza. Umngcipheko wezo ngxaki ukhula kwizigulane ezithatha amayeza ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi.

Kwakhona, i-hernia inokuchaphazeleka ngexesha le nkqubo. Ukuze ugweme imiphumo enjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba uqhube uhlolisiso lwe-spine ngaphambi kokuba ukhuseleke.

Iziphelo zomlomo zingonakaliswa. Kule meko, imiphumo ingaba yingozi kakhulu. Konke kuxhomekeke kwindlela enzulu ngayo inaliti. Ngenxa yoko, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengxaki zegazi zenzeka. Njengoko kubonakala, imiphumo yezophulo zonyango ingaba yingozi kakhulu, ngoko ke ochwepheshe abaqeqeshekileyo nabanobuchule kufuneka baqhube i-blockade.

Ukupheliswa kwentlungu emva kwenkqubo

Ekusebenzeni, i-anesthesia ye-epidural isetyenziswa kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu, kuba ibeka umngcipheko kwisigulane. Ukuba emva kokuba umgudu umonakaliswe kakubi kakhulu, ngoko kufuneka uqhagamshelane nodokotela ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ungabandezeleka. Izenzo ezongezelelweyo ziya kuxhomekeka kwimvelaphi yentlungu. Ugqirha uya kuqhuba uvavanyo kunye nokunika unyango olufanelekileyo. Njengomthetho, izigulane zichazwe ngee-painkillers kunye namavithamini.

Ukuba usuleleko luye lwaziswa ngexesha lokulawulwa kweziyobisi, ukuvuvukala kwenzeka. Kwimeko enjalo, unyango luya kuba lude kwaye impembelelo enzima kwimvelaphi yentlungu iya kufuneka. Xa kukho ukusuleleka, unyango oluchasayo lunqunywe, kwakunye neyeza-antibiotics ezikunceda ukuphelisa ukuvutha nokutshabalalisa i-pathogen yokusuleleka. Isiza esithile kufuneka sikhethe ugqirha. Ukuzinyameka kwiimeko ezinjalo akuvumelekanga.

Izilonda ezinomsoco zipheliswa kuphela ngongenelelo olunyango. Ukuqhagamshelana ngokukhawuleza nogqirha kuya kuthintela ukusasazeka kokusasazeka.

Ukuphelisa intlungu emva kwe-anesthesia ye-epidural, ayikho kuphela i-anesthetics esetyenziswayo. Ezinye iindlela zokwenza uphando ziquka:

• Osteopathy;
• Magnetotherapy.

I-osteopathy inceda ukubuyisela ukuhamba kweendawo ezonakalisiweyo zomqolo. Nangona kunjalo, xa uqhuba inkqubo enjalo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimpawu zomntu ngamnye kwisigulane ngasinye kwaye ubale zonke iingozi.

I-Magnetotherapy ikhawuleza iinkqubo eziqhubekayo zokuvuselela, ezikuvumela ukuba ufumane ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nqubo isetyenziswa ngexesha lokuncelisa, kunye nokukhokisana nokunyanga kweyeza.

Ubude bonyango luboniswa kuphela ngudokotela oya kwiinkcukacha, ngokusekelwe kwiziboniso ezikhoyo, umfanekiso weklinikhi kunye nokuchasene. Ukukhawuleza ukuphelisa iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu, unokufumana unyango lwezonyango. Oku kuya kunceda nje ukuphelisa intlungu, kodwa nokuphucula ukuhamba ngokubambisana, ithoni ye-muscle kunye ne-ligament ukusebenza.

Thintelo

Ukwazi ukuba yiyiphi - "i-epidural ngexesha lokunikezelwa kunye nokuhlinzwa", kunye nokuba yimiphumo yintoni le nkqubo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhethe iindlela zeprophylaxis ukukhusela ukuvela kwentlungu. Xa kuqhuba amanyathelo okukhusela, iingxaki emva kokuba inkqubo inokuncitshiswa kakhulu.

Imiphumo engathandekiyo ingaba kubantu abanomthwalo obunzima, yingakho kufuneka uzame ukuyilawula kwimida eqhelekileyo. Ukufumana ukutya okufanelekileyo, unokutyelela isondlo sokutya. Ngokucophelele kufuneka uqaphele ukutya kwakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Kubalulekile ukwenza imisebenzi ekhethekileyo ekujoliswe ekuqiniseni izihlunu, kodwa ufuna enye indlela. Ngoko ke, kuyinqweneleka ukuqhuba iiseshoni zokuqala kunye nomqeqeshi. Kubalulekile ukubeka iliso kwimeko ye-immune system, ingakumbi ukuba kukho indawo ebangela ukuba kwenzeke ukuphendula. Ukongeza, ukuthatha amayeza athile kunokuchaphazela imeko yesigulane. Ngaphambi kokwenza i-anesthesia ye-epidural, isigulane kufuneka sidibane nodokotela kwaye simxelele malunga nawo onke amayeza ayithathayo.

Ukufezekisa inkqubo ye-aneshesia kuyimfuneko kuphela kwiikliniki ezichongiweyo ezinegama elihle. Ngaphambili, kufuneka ufunde izibuyekezo kunye neengcebiso zabahlobo.

Kwithuba lokugqibela emva kokusebenza, akukhuthazwa ukuba uphakamise izisindo, njengoko oku kunokubangela intlungu ebuhlungu kwindawo yangasemva. Musa ukuyilalisa umgudu ogqithiseleyo kangangokuba imisipha iqiniswe.

Intlungu yokubuyela emva ayidla ngokubangela ukuba i-anesthesia epidural. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezinye izinto ezininzi zikhokelela kule nto, ngokukodwa, njengokungabikho ngokwaneleyo koogqirha, izifo zenyama zangaphakathi kunye nobunzima obukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, nakweyiphi na imeko, kwiimpawu zee-alarm kakhulu kufuneka u tyelele ugqirha.

Uphononongo

Abasetyhini abaninzi banomdla kwizinto - "ukuxhamla ngexesha lokuhambisa" kwaye nendlela enjalo inokuchaphazela ngayo imeko yomama nomntwana. Iingxelo ezininzi ziqinisekisa ukuba le nkqubo ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo, engenakuphikiswa. Ukongezelela, ukuba kwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, akukho zixazululo kunye nemiphumo emibi.

Izigulane ezininzi zithi emva kwenkqubo enjalo, ukuphela kancinci kwisayithi yokuqhawula kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwamancinci kubonakala. Ngokutsho kwabanye abantu, iintsuku eziliqela kukho intlungu kwindawo yangasemva kwaye intloko inzima kakhulu. Kule meko, isigulane siboniswa ukuphumla kombhede kunye neyonyango.