Ukubulawa jikelele: iintlobo kunye Izimo

Ukubulawa (zomzimba) ngexesha ungenelelo ngotyando kunikwa, abe yeentlobo ezimbini:

• zendawo - isigulana lisezingqondweni na, anesthetized enye indawo kuphela umzimba apho umsebenzi liya kwenzeka;
• iyonke - isigulane ndantywiliselwa ubuthongo amayeza obukhulu.

zomzimba Jikelele kunye abazalwana bafumane ngokulinganayo indawo njengonyango namhlanje. Le ntlungu kufutshane nendawo uyazimela zomzimba nomqolo kunye ebulewe. Kule meko, isigulana abazi, kodwa akanayo inxalenye yayo esezantsi umzimba baphelelwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ulahlekelwe ubuntununtunu. zomzimba jikelele Ukubulawa idla ngokuba.

Ingcamango Ukubulawa

Ukubulawa - Ukubulawa jikelele; ngesiGrike elithetha "antsi" "ndindisholo." intsingiselo yalo usendleleni yokuba ngoncedo amayeza kuba nefuthe kwinkqubo luvo kunye ngokupheleleyo ukuvimba zizimvo-luvo ukuba uthumela. Ngenxa zonke abasabela abangabantu kuhlile noko, kwaye sokuvalwa ekuthiwa- ubuthongo-uqhutyelwe iziyobisi.

Eli phupha ayinakuze ithelekiswe ne ubuthongo yesiqhelo xa umntu kuvuka kuloo rustle encinane. Xa ubuthongo lwezonyango ebantwini, enyanisweni, uvalelwe okwethutyana phantse zonke iinkqubo kubalulekile, ukongezelela sentliziyo.

prenarcosis

Phambi kokuba zomzimba jikelele isigulane kufuneka bangenele uqeqesho olulodwa - premedication. Phantse bonke abantu badla ukuba ixhala okanye ukoyika uqhaqho. Uxinzelelo okubangelwa ixhala, nako kakubi ukuba bahlukunyezwe ekuhambeni zotyando. Isigulana kule mzuzu kukho omkhulu iadrenaline yesiphithiphithi. Oku kukhokelela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu kubalulekile - intliziyo, izintso, imiphunga, isibindi, nto leyo izaliswe iingxaki ngexesha ukusebenza nasemva nasekugqityweni kwayo.

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, Iintlungu bakugqala kuyimfuneko ukubazolisa mntu phambi uqhaqho. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, wamisa arhente sine uhlobo - oku kubizwa ngokuba premedication. Kwimisebenzi, icwangciswe kwangaphambili, premedication achitha ubusuku ngaphambili. Njengoko kuba kaxakeka - ilungile phezu kwetafile yokusebenza.

Milestones, iintlobo kunye isigaba Ukubulawa jikelele

zomzimba ngokubanzi luqhutywa ngokwamabakala amathathu:

• KuFacebook zomzimba okanye induction - wenziwe ngokukhawuleza isigulane phezu kwetafile yokusebenza. Wangena amalungiselelo ezonyango, ngokubonelela bubuthongo obukhulu, ukuphumla epheleleyo kunye ntlungu.
• zomzimba Ulondolozo - oogqirha kufuneka ngokuchanileyo makambalele inani kumayeza ayimfuneko. Ngexesha lo msebenzi, njalo igcinwe phantsi kolawulo yonke imisebenzi isigulane: uxinzelelo lwegazi Wayilinganisa, zihlolelwe izinga lentliziyo kunye nokuphefumla. Kungasisalathisi ebalulekileyo kule meko ukuba intliziyo yaye isixa-oksijini carbon dioxide egazini. Le anesthesiologist kufuneka bazazi onke amanqanaba ukusebenza kunye ubude balo, ukwenzela ukuba, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukongeza okanye ukunciphisa ithamo iziyobisi.
• Awakening - aphume zomzimba. Le anesthesiologist ke ubalo ngqo isixa mithi ngenjongo yokuzisa isigulana ngexesha amayeza bubuthongo. Kweli nqanaba, amayeza kufuneka ugcwalise wesenzo, kwaye umntu uqalisa ukuba uvuke kuhle. Oku kuquka onke amalungu kunye neenkqubo. Le anesthesiologist angazishiyi isigulane logama nje eza ngokupheleleyo ngokwasengqondweni. ukuphefumla isigulane kufuneka abe ezimeleyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ukubetha uzinzise, ingqondo kunye kwezihlunu ukuza ngokupheleleyo kwisiqhelo.

Ukubulawa sisonke amanyathelo of:

• Umphezulu zomzimba - liyalahleka ubuntununtunu oyivileyo, ayithethi va umbundu intlungu, kodwa kubonisa zezihlunu skeletal, kunye nezibilini.
• zomzimba Ukukhanya - buyasikhulula izihlunu skeletal, uninzi liyalahleka ingqondo. Noogqirha kukho amathuba imisebenzi kumphezulu ukukhanya.
• zomzimba Full - izihlunu ukuthanjiswa izihlunu skeletal, avale phantse zonke ikhaliphe kunye neenkqubo, ukongeza yegazi. Kuba nokwenzeka ukuphumeza imisebenzi nawuphi xaka.
• zomzimba ultra-nzulu - kuthiwe ukuba le meko phakathi kobomi nokufa. EThintelweyo phantse zonke ikhaliphe, izihlunu bekhululekile ngokupheleleyo njengoko esihlunwini skeletal kunye egudileyo.

Iintlobo Ukubulawa jikelele:

• imaski;
• emthanjeni;
• jikelele.

ixesha lithathelwe emva Ukubulawa jikelele

Emva kokuba isigulane ngaphandle zomzimba jikelele imeko yakhe ngugqirha khona. Iingxaki zomzimba jikelele zinqabile. Emva ukusebenza nganye kuyabonisa yayo. Umzekelo, ukuba tyando lwenziwa kwi esiswini, ixesha akakwazi ukuba sasela manzi. Kwezinye iimeko, kuvumelekile. Edidayo namhlanje umba ukuhamba nomonde emva kotyando. Yayifudula ukuba umntu kwixesha postoperative inqweneleka njengoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ebhedini elide. Namhlanje, kucetyiswa ukuba phezulu, ukuhamba ngokuzimeleyo kwixesha olude elifutshane emva kotyando. Bakholelwa ukuba oku kwenza ukuba ibuyambo ekhawulezileyo.

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, isigulane kufuneka umamele izindululo nogqirha wakho, kungenjalo ukumimitheka ukuze zilibaziseke.

Ukhetho lendlela Ukubulawa

Ukuze inkqubo ntlungu na anesthesiologist uxanduva. Yena, kunye ugqirha kunye nomonde, ukuze isigqibo uhlobo zomzimba ukuba zincede zikhethe kwityala elithile. Ukukhetha le ndlela zomzimba iphenjelelwa yimiba ezininzi:

• Umthamo yotyando ezicwangcisiweyo. Umzekelo, ukususwa adla ingakufuni zomzimba jikelele, kodwa utyando izitho zangaphakathi yomguli - kuyinto kakhulu kwaye ufuna amayeza ubuthongo kwaye ixesha elide.
• imeko yesigulane. Ukuba isigulana zikwimeko kakhulu okanye kulindelwe naziphi na iingxaki zotyando, akunakuba umbuzo Ukubulawa yasekuhlaleni.
• Amava kunye nobungcali ngugqirha. Anesthesiologist uyazi malunga indlela yalo msebenzi, ingakumbi kwiimeko apho ugqirha esebenza ingelilo ixesha lokuqala.
• Kakade ke, kukho anesthesiologist kwi enyuliweyo xa engekho Izimo soloko ukhetha indlela zomzimba, leyo ikufutshane ngokwakhe, kwaye kulo mba ngcono ukuba uthembele kuye. Nokuba zomzimba jikelele okanye wengingqi - okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba utyando lube yimpumelelo.

Imiyalelo kumguli ngaphambi utyando

Phambi kokuba ukusebenza kusoloko uthatha indawo unxibelelwano phakathi isigulane kunye anesthesiologist. Ugqirha kufuneka ucele malunga nokusebenza bathunyelwa ngaphambili, leyo anesthetized kunye nomonde ubunzima bakhe. Ngomhla inxalenye isigulane kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umxelele ugqirha yonke, hayi Awunaso iinkcukacha enye, ukusukela ngoko ukudlala indima msebenzi.

Ngaphambi kokuba ahlinzwe, isigulane kufuneka sikhumbule izifo ekufuneka isusiwe phezu lonke ixesha lobomi bakhe. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa izifo ezondeleyo. Kwakhona, isigulane kufuneka uxelele ugqirha malunga amayeza ukuba kuyanyanzeleka ukuba ngalo mzuzu. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuze ubuze okuninzi imibuzo ezongezelelweyo ukongeza zonke ngasentla. Le nkcazelo kuyimfuneko kuye ukuze kupheliswe nkqu mpazamo incinane ukhetha indlela zomzimba. iingxaki ezinkulu zomzimba jikelele zinqabile, xa zonke izenzo inxalenye anesthesiologist, yaye inxalenye isigulana ziye yenziwa ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukubulawa lendawo

zomzimba Local kwiimeko ezininzi ayifuni ungenelelo ngoncedo i anesthesiologist. Oogqirha banokukwazi ngokuzimeleyo ukwenza olu hlobo zomzimba. Bathi nje azinqamla indawo amayeza uqhaqho.

Ne zomzimba lwendawo usoloko unomngcipheko ukuba inani elingonelanga iziyobisi zaziswa kwaye umbundu iintlungu ziviwa. Kulo mzekelo, musa ukothuka. Kufuneka ucele ugqirha ukongeza ichiza.

Ukubulawa spinal

Xa spinal (spinal) zomzimba nto lesitofu ngqo kwi umnqonqo. Isigulane uvakalelwa kuphela inaliti. Emva kuFacebook zomzimba, inxalenye yonke asezantsi ndindisholo yomzimba, ukulahlekelwa yonke imvakalelo.

Olu hlobo zomzimba isetyenziswa ngempumelelo kwimisebenzi apha emilenzeni, nomchamo kunye ne.

Ukubulawa ebulewe

Xa zomzimba ebulewe kule ndawo phakathi lomsele spinal spinal nomtya catheter, apho unako ufakwe ntlungu.

zomzimba ebulewe wambi kusetyenziswa ntlungu nenimba ngokufuthi - ngexesha lomsebenzi elide kummandla zuza kunye nomchamo.

Kukuphi na okulunge ngakumbi, ebulewe okanye Ukubulawa jikelele? Kuyinto impikiswano kakhulu namhlanje. Ngamnye ukuxabana zabo kulo mba.

i narcosis imaski

I zomzimba imaski okanye kumzimba wonke inhalational yaziswa emzimbeni ngenxa yomoya yesigulana. Kule hlobo ubuthongo zomzimba egcinwa yi igesi eyodwa Iintlungu ukudla imaski eqhotyoshelwe ebusweni yesigulane. Esetyenziselwa yona imisebenzi elifutshane-term wobulali.

Ukuba usebenzisa zomzimba imaski kumguli okubaluleke - ukumamela ugqirha: ukuphefumla oko akufunayo, ukwenza oko athi, ephendula imibuzo ebhekiswa kubo. Ukuba isigqumathelo zomzimba isigulana kulula ukungena ubuthongo, njengoko kulula ukuba ndimvuse.

phlebonarcosis

Kuba amachiza efakwa ndindisholo okubangela ubuthongo-eyabangelwa neziyobisi kunye nokuphumla, iya kuqaliswa ngqo kwi Kwangale. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuphumeza isiphumo ngokukhawuleza kunye neziphumo ezisemgangathweni.

zomzimba efakwa unokusetyenziswa ezahlukahlukeneyo imisebenzi. Yena ixhaphake kakhulu kutyando zoqobo.

zomzimba jikelele kwemisipha zokwehlisa multicomponent

Multicomponent olu hlobo zomzimba ebizwa ngokuba sidibanisa imaski kunye Ukubulawa efakwa. Oko kukuthi, ukuba icandelo zomzimba jikelele ezilawulwa namachiza butofelwe kwaye ngohlobo yeegesi ngokusebenzisa isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Olu hlobo zomzimba ikuvumela ukuba bazuze iziphumo esiphezulu.

Muscle kuthanjiswa - ukuthanjiswa izihlunu skeletal. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha ungenelelo yotyando.

zomzimba Multicomponent Kunconywa imisebenzi ebuhlungu nehlala ixesha elide. Namhlanje, phantsi zomzimba, ngoko ke isebenza phezu amalungu esiswini, esifubeni.

Ukubulawa jikelele. Izimo

Ngu ukusetyenziswa zomzimba jikelele, kukho ezinye Izimo:

• Ukungaphumeleli intliziyo;
• igazi kakhulu;
• iposi engabalulekanga;
• pneumonia;
• sezintso etsolo wesibindi;
• somoya;
• sokuwa;
• unyango anticoagulant;
• izifo ezidalwe ezifana thyrotoxicosis, isifo seswekile decompensated, isifo adrenal;
• isisu ngokupheleleyo;
• ukunxila nokusela;
• kungekho anesthesiologist, iziyobisi ayimfuneko kunye nezixhobo.

zomzimba Jikelele kunye wengingqi - yimiba ebaluleke kakhulu kulo utyando mihla. Akukho msebenzi lwenzeka ngaphandle zomzimba. Kule meko, kufuneka ahlawule irhafu amayeza, kuba asinguye wonke umntu uyakwazi ukususa i wothuka kabuhlungu.