Umthi omkhulu kumhlaba: sequoia, baobab, banyan

Liliphi igama lomthi omkhulu kwihlabathi? Impendulo yalo mbuzo, kubonakala ngathi, yaziwa nokuba ngumntwana wesikolo-ewe, i-sequoia! Le mihlathi emikhulu, ekhula eNyakatho yeMerika kufuphi nxweme lasePacific, ifikelela kumitha engaphezu kwekhulu! Ngoobani, ukuba kungenjalo, beka isundu? Kodwa akusiyo yonke into elula. Inyaniso kukuba umbuzo uvela malunga nendlela yokubala. Kuphela ukuphakama ukuba kuthathe ingqalelo, okanye mhlawumbi ubuninzi kunye nenani leemitha ezi-cubic zeenkuni ezifakwe emthini omkhulu? Futhi qwa lasela imithi ephilileyo kuphela, kodwa ungayinaki loo miqobo yayo eyayisigxininiswe kwiphondo leshumi elineshumi elinesibhozo okanye ngasekuqaleni kwexesha lamashumi amabini, kwaye ke yachithwa okanye yaphulwa yiqhwithi? Kodwa malunga nento yonke.

Umthi omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni ukuphakama namhlanje yi-sequoia, eyafumana igama layo i-Hyperion, inokwanda "kweemali ezilikhulu elinesihlanu nesigamu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba umthi wafunyanwa waza walinganiswa ngo-2006 kuphela. Kwindawo yesibini nayo i-sequoia "Helios" enobude beemitha ezilikhulu elinesine elinamanci mathandathu anesithoba. I-lag evela kwinkokheli ingaphantsi kwesigamu semitha! Endaweni yesithathu - "Icarus" ingaphantsi kweepesenti ezili-13 ukuya ekuphakameni, kwaye ngowesine - i-sequoia "iGuant of the Stratosphere" (ikhulu elinamanci elinesibini elinamitha).

Kungabonakala ukuba umthi omkhulu kunazo zonke kwihlabathi ngokuqinisekileyo u-sequoia. Hayi, akunjalo. Eyona nto ephakamileyo kwiminyaka esedlulileyo imimandla eyahlukileyo eyakhula kummandla wasezantsi-e-Australia. Ngomnyaka we-1872, umongameli wendawo wabhala ubude be-eucalyptus enkulu ekhulayo kwindawo ephantsi kolawulo lwayo. Ukuphakama komthi kwakukhulu kunokuba kwe-Hyperion: ikhulu elinamanci mahlanu! Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesithathu emva koko, enye i-eucalyptus yaseAustralia yayilinganiswa. Kwakungaphantsi koko, kodwa kusekuphakamileyo kakhulu kunokuba zonke i-sequoias zangoku-ezilikhulu elinamanci mane anesithathu! Ngelishwa, ezi ziqhwala azizange ziphile kulo mhla. Kubonakala ukuba, imithi imdala kakhulu, kwaye yafa ngokufa kwendalo.

Xa sisebenzisana nantoni na umthi omkhulu kwihlabathi ukuphakama, makhe sibone indlela imeko efanelekileyo ngayo. Apha, ke, i-baobab yase-Afrika ibamba umthi wesundu. Ngokukhula okuncinane (ukuya kuma-mitha amabini anesihlanu), banomyinge wamamitha amane! Njengama-kegs ahlambulukileyo. I-Baobab, eneneni, ngumthi onzima kakhulu kwihlabathi. Umphandi weAfrika uDavid Livingston uthi uvakalise ukuba abantu abangamashumi amathathu balala njani emgodini we-baobab! I-Baobab nayo enye yemithi ende kakhulu. Indlela yokuhlalutya kwe- radiocarbon ifumene ukuba i-baobabs enkulu kakhulu ineminyaka eyi-500 ehloniphekileyo. Babesele benamakhulu eminyaka ubudala, xa kwakhiwa iipiramidi zokuqala zaseYiputa.

Imithi emikhulu ehlabathini ayikho into ende kunazo zonke. I-Banyan, ekhulayo kwelinye lamapaki kazwelonke aseNdiya, ngokumalunga nemvelaphi yabanini berekhodi inexesha elide kakhulu - malunga namakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu ubudala, kunye nobude obuncinane - amashumi mabini anesihlanu. Kodwa idume ngokuba ngumthi onesiqhamo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Iquka intsimi yehektare enye nesiqingatha! I-Banyan ikhiqiza ukusuka kumasebe angqambileyo okuthiwa "iingcambu zomoya". Uninzi lwabo luya kufa, kodwa abo bafikelela emhlabeni, baqala ngokunyanisekileyo, basuke baqala "ukuthoba" ngokukhawuleza. Emva kwexesha aphantse bakwazi ukuhlula kwi-trunk. Ukusuka kude enye ibhanan enjalo ibonakala ngathi i-grove, kodwa ngokwenene yona yinto emthi nje onomthi onobuhle "bemvelo".