kakhulu kunyaka ngamnye kwaye kaninzi kuvela iindaba eloyikekayo malunga iindidi ezintsha ze influenza. Abantu uthenga ezininzi ezahlukeneyo iziyobisi, zokugonya kunye nokuxhatshazwa zonyango, ngubani abanakunyuka, aphakathi nakwinqanaba ethembekileyo yokuzikhusela sesi sifo. Kodwa enyanisweni, enkulu ubhubhane kwesi sifo eyoyikekayo ibhalisiwe kwi ekude 1918 ke ebizwa ngokuba "umkhuhlane Spanish" - Umkhuhlane, ingxelo kuqala eSpeyin, owabulala izigidi zabantu ehlabathini lonke. Ngokuthembekileyo ukusetha indawo ngqo ingenzeka le ntsholongwane, yaye iingcali abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba umthombo "umkhuhlane Spanish" ingaba phantse naliphi na ilizwe ehlabathini.
Inani lamaxhoba isifo ngokuchanekileyo kumisa, kuba ngelo xesha nangoku yaba kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala kunye nezithuba ezivulekileyo iYurophu kunye nezinye izifo akuthandayo kunye nendlala. Ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, kwiiveki 25, umkhuhlane "umkhuhlane Spanish" wathabatha ubomi 25 yezigidi. Man. Ukuxhaphaka eliphezulu sifo ukusuka intshukumo ebonakalayo abendlu ithi ezahlukeneyo ekuhamba kuyo bhubhane phezu kwintsimi enkulu. Xa kuthelekiswa nenani lamaxhoba "lomkhuhlane Spanish" intsholongwane avian okanye lweehagu - umnini flu-mbali, kwabulawa amashumi ezigidi zabantu iinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela. Kakade ke, abantu abaninzi baye banikela: indlala, ukungabikho kococeko, ukhathalelo lwempilo enkenenkene, ukungabikho kwamachiza antiviral. Kungenxa yoko le nto "umkhuhlane Spanish" - umkhuhlane okwaneleyo abantu ukunkwantya abaninzi iminyaka engaphezu kwama-emibini. Kulo mzekelo, ingozi yosulelo ziye baboniswa nje kuphela amacandelo ezizezona oluntu, kodwa abantu ngendlela yimpumelelo gqitha. "Umkhuhlane Spanish" - Umkhuhlane, nimfulathele lowo wanibizayo zonke ngokwemiqathango ubungozi sifo.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngokuchanekileyo njalo kwaye ayifakwanga, ukuba okunene ubomi abaninzi abantu bathabatha le ntsholongwane. Abanye ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba kuye, ngokubulala ngaphezu kwe-1% yabemi Umhlaba (malunga ne-100 lezigidi. Abantu). Yamahala ukufa ufana kuphela kunye nezifo ezimbi isibetho kunye ekupheliseni ingqakaqa. Ngokutsho Iinguqulelo ngemvelaphi intsholongwane "umkhuhlane Spanish" - Umkhuhlane, waya eYurophu bevela eUnited States, nangona ezinye abaphengululi baye babonisa ukuba avela kwelaseAsiya, ingakumbi, ukususela China. Ukuqhambuka yokuqala sifo sabhalwa ngo-1918 Kweli xesha, ubhubhane influenza anazo kumazwe angama-20 ehlabathini lonke, ngokuthe ngcembe badlulela North Afrika ne India. Ekupheleni kwalo nyaka, oko kugcwele ehlabathini lonke, ngaphandle Australia ne Madagascar. Iliza yesithathu ubhubhane iye kuthinjwa phantse onke amazwe ehlabathini. Ubhubhane yathatha de kube sekupheleni kuka 1920
"Umkhuhlane Spanish" - Influenza kunye scheme engaqhelekanga yokuphuhlisa esi sifo. Yena ngokukhawuleza kudlule lube yinto enzima, ezichaphazela inkqubo sentliziyo zibangela nenyumoniya kakhulu, sikhatshwe hemoptysis owomeleleyo buhlungu. Ngokuba ngaloo mihla bekungekho amachiza antiviral, ukuba unyango lwesi sifo kuye phantse nzima. Abantu kuphela abanamajoni omzimba omeleleyo wafumana ithuba lokusinda ubhubhane. Kuphela ukubola endalo ubhubhane wayeka ubunzima iingxwelerha. Bafundiswa ngamava abuhlungu, abantu basoloko ukuzama ukwenza lokugonya elitsha nxamnye intsholongwane yomkhuhlane. Lo msebenzi andinakuze ugqibile, kuba eli gciwane rhoqo eziguqulayo kunye eziguqulayo. Umkhuhlane yokugonya kunciphisa amathuba okuba nezifo phakathi kweendidi iintsholongwane (eyenziwe yi isitofu), kodwa akusosiqinisekiso akunakwenzeka ukuba ungenwe ezinye ukuguqulwa kwayo.