Umgaqo we-neurohumoral

Umsebenzi obalulekileyo kwanoma yimuphi umgangatho kufuneka wenziwe ngokuhambelana nezimo ezijikelezileyo. Kule nto, kubalulekile ukuqonda, ukuhambelana, ukuchaneka inkqubo nokuphendula iimpawu ezisuka ngaphandle. Kule meko, umzimba wonke kufuneka usebenze njengeyunithi, izitho ezisebenza ngendlela echanekileyo kunye nokulungelelaniswa.

Ukulungelelaniswa nokuhambisana kwemisebenzi, inkqubo ye-neurohumoral iyaphendula emzimbeni. Ichaphazela iinkqubo kunye nezitho ngokwahlukileyo, zilawula zonke iinkqubo zomsebenzi obalulekileyo emzimbeni. Ngaloo ndlela, ingqibelelo yendalo iyagcinwa.

Umgaqo-nkqubo we-neurohumoral yindlela yokulawula apho izinto kunye nempembelelo yentsholongwane ethwalwe yi-lymph negazi zixhumo kwinkqubo enye.

Umbuso osebenzayo kwinkqubo yesistim ephakathi kwimeko yamachiza asebenzayo ajikeleza egazini. Ngoko, umzekelo, ukwakheka kwe-hormonal kwiingqungquthela zokufihla kwangaphakathi kunye nokusabalalisa kwigazi kwenzeka phantsi kwefuthe lolawulo lwenkqubo yesifo.

Umgaqo-nkqubo we-neurohumoral yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokugcina ukuhlala kwangaphakathi komzimba nokulinganisa kunye nommandla wangaphandle. Kananjalo unendima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokuzilungelelanisa ngokwasemzimbeni (ukugcina ngokuzenzekelayo inqanaba eliqhubekayo leenkqubo kunye nemizuzu emzimbeni). Umgaqo-nkqubo we-Neurohumoral udibanisa iinkqubo zobomi kunye ne-neural, ngaleyo ndlela unikezela uhlobo olugqithiseleyo lokulingana kunamnye wabo ngokwahlukileyo. Ikhonkco le-humoral lunegalelo kwimpembelelo yesikhathi eside. Ngendlela yokuxhalabisa, ukusebenzisana ngokukhawuleza phakathi kweziza ezahlukeneyo kunikezelwa.

Ukulawulwa kwe-neurohumoral yemisebenzi yomzimba kwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini. Indlela yokuqala ibhekisela kwisenzo esithe ngqo se-hormone okanye iimveliso ezixubileyo kwiiscuphe zenkqubo ye-nervous central. Oku kutshintsha ukukhutshulwa kweeseli zamathambo. Ngokomzekelo, i-carbon dioxide egazini isebenza kwiiseli zendlela yokuphefumula, kwaye ukucaphuka kweeseli zenkqubo yokutya kwenziwa yinkompo yegazi. Umgaqo-nkqubo we-neurohumoral uqhutyelwa yintsebenzo yezinto ezahlukahlukeneyo ezithwalwe ngumzimba ngoncedo lwegazi kwii-receptors ezizodwa zamalungu angaphakathi. Baqala ukuphendula ngokutshintshwa kwimizi yamachiza kunye noxinzelelo lwe-osmotic lwamanzi. Ngoko, umzekelo, kunye kunye neeseli zendlela yokuphefumula, i-chemoreceptors yeendonga ze-vascular zithatha utshintsho kwi-carbon dioxide egazini.

Kwimimiselo ye-neurohumoral ibandakanye inani elikhulu leemveliso ezinqabileyo kunye nezingabonakaliyo. Ezi ziquka i-hormones yesisu kunye nesisu, i-histamine, i-hypothalamic neurohormones, ininzi ye-oligopeptides, i-prostaglandines. Ngokuhamba kwegazi, basasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba. Nangona kunjalo, babangela ukuphendula ngokuthe ngqo kwi "ziphumo ezithobelayo" xa bengena kwi-receptors.

Iimeko zesisyulu kunye neendlela zokuzihlaziya emzimbeni zinqunywe lizinga lemveliso ephilayo ekhutshwe kwiimfihlo kunye nabezindaba zamanzi. Ngelo xesha, i-radioimmunoassay, i-immunocytochemistry, i-histochemistry, uhlalutyo lwezakhiwo ezisetyenziswayo lusetyenziswa kakhulu. Utshintsho oluqhubekayo kwintsebenziswano elungelelanisiweyo nolungqinelanayo lweemveliso ezibonakalayo ezibonakalisa i-reactivity kunye neendlela zombini kunye neendawo zepheripher system kwinkqubo yeentlanzi, kwaye ikwazisa umsebenzi obalulekileyo wendalo yonke. Iinkqubo zenkqubo yokulawula zixhomekeka, ngokukodwa, kwi-stimuli yangaphandle nakwiimfuno zendalo.