I-Prinzmetal angina: iimpawu, ukuxilongwa, unyango

Impilo bubutyebi buninzi obunikwe ngaphezu. Kuphela akusoloko sikwazi ukuyilahla kakuhle. Izifo zilindile kwinqanaba ngalinye. Kubonakala ngathi, ngoku kutsala ndifuna ukudansa, kodwa ngoku akukho namandla okuvuka kwisihlalo sam. Esinye sezifo esoloko senzeke siyi-angina ye-Prinzmetal. Oku kungoku ngoku kwaye uya kuthetha.

Yintoni na?

Utshintsho, ngokuzenzekelayo, iincwadi ze-vasospastic zichazwe ezinye iinkcazo zesifo. Kufunyaniswa ukuba kukho i- spasm yeemitha zegazi ezondla intliziyo. Kwimiqathango yezokwelapha, le yifomu yeklinikhi ye-angina ekuphumleni. Esi sifo asiqabile. Leli gama lafunyanwa "kumzali" wakhe - M. Prinzmetal. Lo mdlali odumile waseMelika ngo-1959 wachaza kuqala isifo esifana ne-vasospastic angina (i- Prinzmetal angina ). Ngokuqhelekileyo esi sifo sichaphazela abantu abaneminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwimashumi mahlanu. Ukufikelela kunyango lwalolu hlobo lwe-angina akufanele lufane nezinye iintlobo ze-angina. Isizathu salokhu ke iimpawu zayo. Isifo singazibonakalisa kwifomu ecocekileyo, kwaye ngokubambisana ne-angina pectoris.

I-angi ye-Prinzmetal ivela kwimvelaphi yokuphumla, ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha lokulala ebusuku. Ngamanye amaxesha uhlaselo luqala kwigumbi elibandayo okanye kwisitalato ngexesha elipholileyo.

Yintoni ebangela ukuba esi sifo

Ngoku makhe sithethe ngezizathu ezibangela ukuba kwenzeke lolu hlobo lwe-angina pectoris. Njengoko sele kuthethwe ngaye, kungabanda. Kodwa sifanele sidibanise ukuba akayi kuthathwa njengongundoqo "okhuselayo", njengokuba uqhubela umzimba kulo hlaselo. Ewe, ngenxa yezizathu, ke i-Angil Prinzmetal ingabangela ukuba:

• Uphuhliso lwe-atherosclerosis. Kwaye le ngongoma ephambili. Akusoloko kuyimfuneko ukuba eso sifo sityeshelwe. Ngaphandle kwezigaba zokuqala, i-atherosclerosis inokukhupha i-angina. Gweba zonke iiplati. Zikhokelela kwisitoli esiqhubekayo, esibangela iimpawu ze-Prinzmetal. U-Angina walolu hlobo ugcinwa ngamashumi asixhenxe anesithoba kwiigulane ezine-atherosclerosis.
• Ukutshaya ngokukrakra, esinye isizathu esingekho ukudala ingxaki yokuqala kwesi sifo, kodwa siyiqhubela. Eli qela liquka utywala, ukungondleki, ukuhlala kwindlovu, ukunyamezela rhoqo.

Isifo sibonakaliswe njani?

Ngoku ke makhe sithethe ngendlela i-Ange Prinzmetal ebonakala ngayo. Iimpawu zeso sifo wonke umntu kufuneka azi ukuba mhlawumbi uyaziva ephilileyo.

• Intlungu ebuhlungu kwi-sternum ekuseni, ngexesha lokulala okanye ukuphumla.
• Iimpawu ze-tachycardia kunye negazi.
• Ngexesha le-electrocardiogram kwisigaba se-ST, unokubona umfanekiso, njengendlela yokutshatyalaliswa kwe-myocardial infarction.
• Ubuhlungu, obuye bwenzeka ngexesha elizeleyo, bube nzima.
• Ukuphindaphinda kokubonakala kwentlungu kuyahluka ukusuka emihlanu ukuya kwemihlanu elinesibini.
• Intloko yamandla onke, isisongela, ukuphelelwa amandla.
• Ukuchithwa kwenkqubo yokutya.

Xa sele ufumene ubuncinane enye yale miqondiso, kha wuleza kwi-ingcali. Nguye kuphela onokuqinisekisa okanye ukuphika ukuxilongwa kwe "Prinzmetal angina". Iimpawu kufuneka zongezelelwe iziphumo zophando. Ekuhambeni kwexesha unyango luqalisiwe yindlela yokubuyela kwangoko ngokukhawuleza, njengoko iziphumo ezikuyo zingenakuyithandeka kakhulu.

Imiphumo enokwenzeka

U-Stenocardia we-Prinzmetal unokukhokelela ekuhlaselweni kwentliziyo. Enyanisweni, amathuba oku oku ayenzi. I-spasms eyenzeka ngexesha lokuhlaselwa ayilanga ixesha elide. Kukho enye ingozi - ukuphulwa komsebenzi wombane wenhliziyo. Oku kubangela ukuphula umthetho wentliziyo, ekhokelela ekubonakalisweni kwe-tachycardia ye- ventricular, kwaye eli liyinyathelo elilodwa phambi kwesiphumo esibulalayo.

Esinye isiphumo sesi sifo sisilonda esiphephayo seerontic coronary.

Ukuba siya kumanani, sinokuthi oku kulandelayo. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala emva kokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kuthatha malunga neepesenti ezilishumi zabagulayo. Iipesenti ezingama-20 zezigulane zifumana ukuxolelwa. Enyanisweni, kuya kufuneka balandele imithetho ethile de kube sekupheleni kobomi babo, kuba iimpawu zingabuya kwiminyaka embalwa.

Ukubeka isigxina esifanelekileyo sokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kwixesha elizayo akuyona into elula. Kuxhomekeke kubukhulu besifo kunye nexesha lokubamba. Yaye ke, awukwazi ukuwutyeshela i-coronary atherosclerosis.

Diagnostics

Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo ngokuxilongwa kubaluleke kakhulu kunyango lwaluphi na uhlobo lwesifo. Indlela ephambili eya kunceda ukuqinisekisa eso sifo, njenge-Prinzmetal angina, yi-ECG. Se tyenziswa ngexesha lokuhlaselwa. Ukuba isigaba se-ST kwi-cardiogram iphakanyisiwe, ke le sisifo osikrokrelayo.

Ukuba le ndlela ayizange igxeke ngokupheleleyo okanye iqinisekisile izikhalazo zeengcali, isetyenziswe:

• Uvavanyo olushukumisayo kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-hyperventilation;
• Ukungena kwe "Acetylcholine" okanye "Ergometrin";
• Uvavanyo olusenyongweni kunye nesichemiksi.

Izifundo ziyaqhubeka nomthwalo. Ngale ndlela, ukunyamezela imithwalo ihlolwe. I-coronary angiography iyimfuneko. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukugqiba kunye nokuvavanya umlinganiselo womonakalo kwimithambo yegazi ngamacwecwe.

Isigulane kufuneka sigcine idayari yemvakalelo. Kuyo, ubhala zonke iinguqu ezivela entliziyweni. Kwaye intlungu enokuvela xa wenza oku okanye loo msebenzi.

Unyango

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa, ngoku ingxoxo iya kwenziwa malunga nonyango lwe- Prinzmetal angina .

• Isigulane kufuneka sifakwe esibhedlele.
• Kwinqanaba lokuqala, amayeza asetyenziswayo: i-nitroglycerin iyeka ukuhlaselwa okubuhlungu, izithinteli ze-potassium zandisa i-collateral and coronary arteries.
• Xa isifo se-coronary disease sisenzeka, i-alpha-adrenoblockers kufuneka iqalwe.

Unyango kufuneka lwenziwe ngokuthe ngqo ngokweprogram. Ayikwazi ukucima ngokukhawuleza, kunokubakho imiphumo emibi: inani lokuthintela liza kunyuka, iimpawu ziya kwanda, ezinokubangela ukuba i- myocardial infarction. Yingakho iyeza kufuneka zithathwe ngokungqongqo kwishedyuli.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, le miqathango inokwanela, kodwa ukuba umphumo onqwenelekayo awufezekanga, uthabatha ukungenelela ngoncedo.

Isisombululo kule ngxaki singasombululwa ngoncedo lwe:

• Umzobo weCoronary.
• Uhlolo lwe-Aortocoronary bypass.
• Angioplasty.

Ukuthintela izifo

Nangona ukuba i-Prinzmetal angina inokuchaphazela umntu kunoma yiphi ineminyaka, ungakhathazeki. Ukuze intliziyo yakho ibe yindlela, landela le mithetho:

• Yidla ukutya okuphantsi kweekhalori.
• Ungafaki ukutya okunotyebileyo kumafutha ezilwanyana.
• Ungasebenzisi kakubi utywala, kodwa ushiye ukutshaya.
• Ukulala - ubuncinane iiyure ezisibhozo ngosuku.
• Yenza imidlalo okanye ubuncinane ukuhamba ebusuku.
• Ukuba kunokwenzeka, thintela uxinzelelo.