Ulwelo olunokutsha: Iimfuno ngokubanzi ukusetyenziswa yokhuseleko

Pende, lighters ukuzaliswa alulwelo, neoli, izinambuzane, ipeyinti, separafini, propane, butane, ipetroli, idizili, abacoci - zonke ulwelo olunokutsha. Ezi mali zisetyenziselwa yonke, ingakumbi amafutha kunye arhente zokucoca, akhoyo kwikhaya ngalinye. Xa uhamba okanye ukusebenza nayiphi na nabo kufuneka balandele imithetho yokhuseleko.

Ukuba umsebenzi kuquka ukusebenza arhente olunokutsha, kuyimfuneko ukwazi yonke imiba enxulumene nokukhuselwa yobomi bakhe kunye namanye xa kuthe kwavela umlilo. Eli nqaku lichaza iimfuneko eziyimfuneko ulwelo olunokutsha.

neemfuneko zokhuseleko jikelele

Naluphi na ulwelo olunokutsha ezinokudala ingozi enkulu kwimpilo okanye umngcipheko womlilo, ukuba usebenzisa kakuhle. Ukuba xi efini engumphunga amaqondo obushushu ayafika ethile, ukukhanya ulwelo. owona mongo ukwimeko ezolileyo, akakwazi ukubamba umlilo. ulwelo olunokutsha abe flash indawo ephakamileyo, olunokutsha - phantsi, ngoko ke yingozi ngakumbi ebantwini.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa kwimeko omkulu nayiphi na imali?

Ukuba amafutha iphalalele into, vula ngoko nangoko zonke iifestile pholisa le ndawo. Cima zonke izixhobo zombane, ekubeni umthombo nakwiintlantsi kunokubangela i dubulo. Ukuba into ukhwela impahla yakho - sithulwe isikhumba - bohlamba ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba achithwe isixa esikhulu sezixhobo zokufunda olunokutsha, kungakuhle ukuba kuphunywe bonke abasebenzi ubize inkonzo umlilo.

Xa sisasazeka umlilo, musa ukuzama ukucima ngamanzi, kwimeko ulwelo enjalo uya mandundu kuphela meko. Bekuya kuba sokucima best umlilo. Kufuneka igcinwe kufutshane kwindawo yomsebenzi.

Iingcebiso ukusebenza ngezinto

Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise nayiphi na imveliso, njalo ukufunda kwileyibhile. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuba uyazi ukuba usebenzise nolwelo olukhawuleza luvuthe lzinto kangakanani ngokufanelekileyo.

Uluhlu macebiso:

1. Awukwazi uthethe ifowuni, mamela umculo okanye ukuphazanyiswa nantoni na xa usebenza ezinokutsha.

2. Ukusebenza kolwelo olunokutsha kufuna indawo kakuhle umoya. Ekubeni kwisibini kweekhemikhali ezingakhuselekanga eziyingozi ungakwazi ukungena emzimbeni iphecana sokuphefumla. Abaninzi kubo akukho ivumba.

3. Isilumkiso - elinomthetho wokuqala. Qinisekisa ukuba arhente usebenza nabo, abazange bayifumane kwisikhumba okanye impahla.

4. Ukuba kukho ukuvuza - intloko.

5. Nanini kokuphuma kwigumbi apho ulwelo olunokutsha zitshile agcinwe, alihlole phambi kokuvala umnyango.

6. Ungaze ukutshaya kuloo ndawo apho kukho izinto ezinjalo. Kufuneka igcinwe kude emlilweni.

7. Khumbula ukuba kukho imithombo emininzi ezifihlakeleyo ucinezelo, ezifana kwizixhobo.

8. Xa usebenzisa imigqomo yesinyithi, namathumbu, imibhobho, qiniseka ukuba zi- yathotywa ukuthintela nokwanda kwentlawulo emile, nenokuthi kuba ngumthombo ucinezelo.

9. Qinisekisa ukuba zonke izitya, izivingco, canisters, iimpompo kunye nezinye izixhobo nokuba asetyenziselwa ugcino, ilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa ulwelo olunokutsha.

Ziphephe izinto ezinokutsha

Eyona ndlela ibhetele yokunciphisa umngcipheko womlilo - ukufumana ngeenxa mali ezinjalo. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, oko ingathathelwa indawo lelinye, ngaphantsi ezinokutsha. Thatha ujongo kwi imboniselo yangoku ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho iindlela apho ukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ngakumbi ngokukhuselekileyo.

Phawula la macebiso alandelayo, aya kunceda ukusebenza ngolwelo olunokutsha.

Okokuqala, kufuneka uthathe izifundo ezizodwa apho umyaleli kuyibalisa yonke bokuqonda ukusebenza kunye ezinokutsha.

Okwesibini, xa kufikwa ukhuseleko, impilo yabanye kubaluleke kakhulu. Gcina imithetho yokhuseleko kwaye musa esichengeni ubomi babanye.

Yintoni na ke ubushushu flash kunye self-mafutha?

Le flash indawo ulwelo olunokutsha - ngumphakamo Ubuncinane apho yabela izibini fluid kumphezulu ukuze ucinezelo. Musa ukuvutha ulwelo. umxube obuphathekayo umphunga kunye nomoya.

Petrol, kunye flashpoint ka -43 ° C, i ulwelo olunokutsha. Nokuba kwiqondo lobushushu ephantsi linikeza umphunga ngokwaneleyo ukwenza umxube olunokutsha nomoya.

Phenol na ulwelo olunokutsha. Kuye ledangatya-79 ° C (175 ° F). Ngoko ke, umgangatho wayo kufuneka ngaphezu 79 ° C, phambi kokuba ilunyekwa emoyeni.

lobushushu Autoignition ye ulwelo kwemininzi eqhelekileyo isusela ku-300 ° C (572 ° F) ku 550 ° C (1022 ° F).

Amagunya ucinezelo kwezinto eziqhumayo

I-dubulo komda omncinci - umlinganiselo umphunga emoyeni, ngasentla apho umlilo nto ayizange yenzeke kuba akukho amafutha ngokwaneleyo. Izibini mninzi ngaphezu umoya idla yingozi ngakumbi, ngenxa yokuba zidlula emgangathweni yaye inokuqokelelana kwiindawo eziphantsi.

Umda ucinezelo eliphezulu - umlinganiselo umphunga emoyeni xa kukho akwanelanga ukuba phemba emoyeni.

ulwelo olunokutsha izinto ezinokugqabhuka, kwaye ezi zithintelo zivumelekile uluhlu phakathi kwanala a xi eliphezulu umphunga umoya. Oko kukuthi, yi imida ucinezelo icaciswa, apho izinto itshile kwaye enokudubula.

Umzekelo, komda omncinci onokudubula zepetroli - 1.4% kunye eliphezulu - 7.6%. Oku kuthetha ukuba le esingamanzi kuba mzuzu xa emoyeni kwi-1, 4% ukuya ku 7, 6%. Xi umphunga ngaphantsi kwenqanaba iziqhushumbisi iphantsi kakhulu ukuba phemba ngaphezu kwe-7, 6% - kunokubangela i dubulo.

Imida ucinezelo bakhonza nezikhokelo amabala ashushu.

Kutheni ezinjalo izinto ezinobungozi?

Bushushu eziqhelekileyo ulwelo olunokutsha inokwabela umphunga ngokwaneleyo ukwakha imixube lula xa udibene nomoya. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba yingozi enkulu nomlilo. ulwelo olunokutsha samaxesha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Kwakhona umsindo isixa esikhulu shinyi, abamnyama, umsi ityhefu.

ulwelo olunokutsha kubushushu ngaphezu flash izinga kusenokukhokelela ekubeni umlilo kakhulu.

Ukutshiza ulwelo olunokutsha kwaye ukutsha emoyeni ebangela umlilo, ukuba kukho umthombo ucinezelo. Zomdlalo wePurble kwezinto imperceptible ngokubanzi. Kunzima ukubona, ngaphandle kokuba usebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.

nolwelo olukhawuleza luvuthe ezinokutsha lula bafakwe kweenkuni, ilaphu nekhadibhodi enokuhlaziyeka. Kwanasemva kokuba nokubasusa kunye iimpahla okanye naziphi na ezinye iindawo zinokuba yingozi, zikhuphe imisi olonakalisayo.

Ingozi yokuba ulwelo ezinjalo ukuba umzimba?

ingozi enkulu ukuba izinto ezinjalo anangenisa umlilo kunye dubulo. Zezi yingozi empilweni. Ulwelo enokutsha kunokubangela umonakalo noqhekeko ukuba umzimba womntu, ngokuxhomekeke eziphathekayo kunye nendlela sesichengeni:

1. Inhalation of umphunga.
2. Qhagamshelana ngamehlo okanye ulusu.
3. Baginye ulwelo.

Uninzi ulwelo olunokutsha, izinto ezinokutsha ayingozi ebantwini. Abaninzi kubo zigcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye reactions ezingahambelaniyo yamachiza, ngaphezu kunokuba buhlungu.

Idatha eboniswe kwi iileyibhile neenkonkxa kufuneka uthethe ngazo zonke iingozi izinto ezinokutsha apho isebenza umntu.

Umzekelo, propanol (eyaziwa ngokuba isopropanol okanye isopropyl utywala) - yinto ulwelo ezingenambala kunye ivumba elitsarhayo, sifunda umxube ethanol kunye acetone. Umphunga lunzima komoya yaye bahambe imigama emide. Inqanaba eliphezulu umphunga kunokubangela intloko, isicaphucaphu, isiyezi, ukozela, incoordination. Le nto kwakhona kunokubangela kwinwebu iphecana zemiphunga okanye amehlo.

Indlela ukugcina izinto kwimimandla yemveliso, iindibano zocweyo, iilebhu kunye zasemsebenzini efanayo

Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo into yokuba iinjongo ezithile, apho kusetyenziswa ulwelo, mhlawumbi, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba ahlale nabo studio. Kuphela isixa amancinane izinto ezinjalo kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo lokusebenza, kodwa ke kufuneka lusebenziswe ngaphakathi usuku okanye kwenye indawo. Amanani eyiyo ixesha lokugcina iya kuxhomekeka kumsebenzi, amalungiselelo amaziko umngcipheko umlilo kwindawo studio kunye nomsebenzi. Ukugcinwa kolwelo olunokutsha kukuninzi ekhaya akuvumelekanga. Lonke uxanduva uya kulala phezu onke.

Imigqomo ulwelo olunokutsha kufuneka zivalwe. Kufuneka zibekwe kwiindawo ezimiselwe ukuba kude kwindawo emsebenzini ngoko nangoko kwaye musa ukubeka iindawo yokusebenzela kunye nomsebenzi.

ulwelo Bystrovosplamenyayuschiesya kufuneka igcinwe yodwa ingadityaniswa nezinye izinto ezinobungozi kunokwandisa umngcipheko yomlilo okanye esichengeni ingqibelelo kwisikhongozeli okanye indawo (ibhokisi) umzekelo, oxidizing kunye nezinto entsimbini.

Kuthekani ukuba le mali sidlula?

Xa udlule parameters zokugcina Kucetyiswa, kufuneka ukuba ivandlakanywe zonke izinto. Qwalasela oku kulandelayo:

• Materials kufuneka zingagcinwa kwaye zilungiswe e kwindawo yomsebenzi;

• Kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo ubungakanani komasifundisane kunye nenani labantu abasebenza khona;

• umlinganiselo wokubanzi ukuba ziphathwe kumasifundisane aluyi kuba ngaphezu nemigangatho ebekwe yi kwishishini;

• masifundisane kufuneka ifakwe umoya ngokwaneleyo.

Kufuneka ibe isicwangciso ngobungxamo ukusuka istudiyo, apho zisebenza kunye zizinto Uyadubula.