Ukulungisa nasengqondweni. Iindlela wokulungiswa engqondweni. Center for ukulungisa psychological

Okokuqala, makhe ukuchaza ingqikelelo ngengqondo. Ngokoqobo - inzululwazi komphefumlo. Psychology njenge uqeqesho elizimeleyo elisekwe kuphela kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, emva kokulufumana isiseko iyahlolwa kwaye isiseko zendalo nokomzimba.

Yiyiphi indima bengqondo ebomini namhlanje?

Nale isayensi kufuneka nazo kuphela njengendlela yokuziqeqesha lwenzululwazi, kodwa kumkhawulela kwiinkqubo iimagazini fashion, unomathotholo nomabonwakude ngohlobo iimvavanyo ngokwasengqondweni, izindululo famous bengqondo izibini, oosomashishini kwaye njalo njalo. N.

Ngo-sikhokelo mihla ubomi uluntu wezengqondo na iintsingiselo ezininzi. Zezi:

1. indima Practical - kunceda ekucombululeni iingxaki ngokwenene ngokuphathelele kumsebenzi mveliso, ubunzima yobomi, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwe-wobugcisa, ukuqhelana iqela, ubudlelwane usapho; ukufunda indlela ilungelo abaphathi, oogxa, aliliso kubo, izalamane.
2. Ukuphuhlisa indima - nesicelo ezifunyenwe ulwazi engqondweni kuye ngokusebenzisa self-ngokubukela, izixhobo yobungcali ngokwasengqondweni (umzekelo, test).
3. indima jikelele yenkcubeko - wabongamela zeenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa yokuqala ekufunyanweni kolunye ulwazi engqondweni (imisebenzi oosonzululwazi basekhaya angaphandle abadumileyo).
4. ithiyori - ukufunda iingxaki ezisisiseko.

Social Psychology kuluntu lwanamhlanje

Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, uluntu bafuduka kwimo imincili, kucingwa ezinxulumene kokulindelekileyo kakuhle malunga inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa (STP), imeko ekuthiwa-unxunguphalo (Umbono yokwenene neziphumo ezibi nempembelelo inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe).

Umphumela wokuqala - ukungangqinelani ulwazi koluntu kunye nobugcisa. Oku oqaphelekayo ingakumbi umsebenzi neengcali zobugcisa. Baye elungiselela uphuhliso ngendlela zobugcisa kunye nemveliso. Ingqondo ye oyingcaphephe enjalo, kwakunye nezakhono yakhe, nobuchule, imbono yehlabathi kunye psychology, lujolise kuphela ekusombululeni iingxaki zobuchwepheshe. Technicism ebonakalaliswe ngokupheleleyo naziphi na izinto zasemsebenzini mihla ehambelana ukuba ulwazi olufunekayo kunye neendlela. Isiphumo sale ukubana lomntu kufuneka eqhelekileyo kuluntu lonke. A zokubonisa inkqubo ngasentla luphuhliso ngokubulawa kwale meko eziphilayo kwaye kwezomkhosi ehlabathini namhlanje.

Phakathi zenzululwazi ezahlukeneyo, ezisembindini kuloo mntu, ukubaluleka oluthile iqhotyoshelwe yokuhlalisana kunye ezoluntu, xa bengqondo ezithile zentlalo. Kuza kuba negalelo neutralization kwe iindlela zobugcisa ekhankanywe ngasentla malunga nemiba ehlabathini. ulwazi Social kuya kusinceda sibone ubunzulu kunye nokuphelela ulwalamano yokwenene kwabantu.

umsebenzi Professional, umzekelo, njengononjineli (zoguquguqulo, uphando, ngokwasengqondweni kunye nabanye.) - akukho qha kuphela ngqo ngenjongo ukuba zihlolwe (oomatshini, ubugcisa, uyilo), kodwa kananjalo unxibelelwano ophilayo (ngaphandle awafake injongo, ukuthatyathwa kwezigqibo, kukho kwakhona uququzelelo izimvo zeqela kunye neenjongo, ukukwazi ukusombulula iingxabano intra-ezihlangeneyo). Konke oku kubonisa ukuba unxibelelwano ethile nabanye, efuna zobunjineli ezikhethekileyo ze-psychological zentlalo ulwazi kunye nenkcubeko, leyo kufuneka bakufumane uqeqesho.

Ubomi Psychology (njengoko inzululwazi yomphefumlo) kufuneka kunceda uluntu lwale mihla, kunye nophuhliso lobugcisa kunye nobugcisa nokuguquguquka kule nkalo zentlalo engqondweni kunye nokuzondelela amalungelo abantu.

Imithetho Psychology Human

Ngabanye - abanye abantu iimpawu ikhona unique (uluntu).

Wonke umntu uyazi athi: "Umntu ezelwe, kwaye umntu." Ngokomzekelo, usana olusanda kuzalwa - yinto ngamnye, kodwa hayi ungubani komnye. Xa iimeko zivuma iza kudalwa ngeenxa zonke, iza kuya ikhula nayo. Kodwa kukho isiphumo eyahlukileyo: abantwana abakhuliswe ngaphandle oluntu (bengazi ulwimi eyamkelekileyo izithethe zentlalo), ngokufuthi musa kuwa phantsi kohlobo lomntu. Nor zichazwa njengoko ngabanye ngabanye ukuphila kwezityalo; akukho interoperable (ngenxa yokulimala yemfuza okanye uhlobo olwahlukileyo yokwenzakala). Inkxalabo non-buqu kunye ababulali serial, maniacs kunye nezinye sociopaths ingqondo kunye.

Ubuntu - ke imfundo ebomini (system) eyondlala kakuhle loluntu uhlobo lwabantu zehlabathi lokwenene njengento converter esebenzayo kunye nolwazi enomongo sifundo.

Ubuntu - ubuntu kuzo ngokuphuma yayo yonke (indibanisela iipropati zobuqu kunye ngamnye eyahlula umntu omnye komnye). Kunokuzibonakalisa kule nkcukacha yazo naziphi na iimvakalelo, okanye ingqondo, okanye ukuthanda, okanye bonke ngaxeshanye.

Yintoni profpsihologiya?

Eli sebe entsha bengqondo izicelo, nto leyo izifundo iipateni wesiseko besazisi zingadlulanga-sikhokelo ukhokelo vocational, lo phenomenology ka sobuchwepheshe, umsebenzi self-determination of Okukodwa, kunye neendleko ngokwasengqondweni yale nkqubo.

Phantse ubomi wonke umntu zomsebenzi oqeqeshelweyo indawo ebalulekileyo. Ngenxa yokuzalwa kwabazali komntwana wakhe sele ukuba bacinge ngekamva lakhe ngoxa siqwalasela ngenyameko utyekelo nomdla.

Phambi kokuba abafundi kwizikolo eziphakamileyo, njengoko umthetho, kukho ingxaki malunga kukhetho lo msebenzi elizayo. Ngelishwa, ngokufuthi amaziko emfundo ukhethe zazivelela. Zakuba zifikile uninzi lwabantu abatsha ngaphezu ingxaki leyo ingasonjululwanga ngenqindi phantsi. Abantu abaninzi badana ekukhetheni lakhe sele kwi-1 st konyaka wezifundo, ezinye - ekuqaleni komsebenzi, kwaye elesithathu - emva kweminyaka emininzi yomsebenzi kwi profile. Psychology Professional - kwishishini esele ukufundisisa regularities ekubunjweni ezintle, ukhetho lwekhondo, wabagagamela kuyo.

into yawo - yokusebenzisana buso msebenzi. Center Research - ubuntu profrazvitie, umsebenzi self-determination.

iindlela ezithile uhlalutyo isekelwe ekumisweni profpsihologii:

• psychobiography professional;
• izehlo ezibalulekileyo;
• proforientirovannoy graphology;
• Isici bomsebenzi;
• wesimo professional retrospection;
• deformation reflection zobungcali kunye nabanye.

Utoliko ingqiqo ka "ukulungiswa kwengqondo"

It lukhokelwe okubi ezithile ngokwasengqondweni kwezakhiwo, uqhutywe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba uphuhliso epheleleyo ngamnye, ngokunjalo ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo-enobugcisa.

Eli gama lisetyenziswa kwi 70s (ngexesha iisayikholojisti baqalisa kunene abaqhuba Unyango, njengoko umthetho, iqela). Xa uvula njalo ingxoxo malunga nesihloko ngokumalunga ithuba ukwenza iisayikholojisti zonyango (Unyango) imisebenzi leyo enyanisweni zilungiswe ngenxa ukuyilwa kokuqala ngokwengqondo kwakunye baye. It uyaqhubeka aqinisekisiweyo. Noko ke, Unyango - ubukhulu becala yezonyango. Yena uyakwazi kuqhubana abantu kwimfundo zonyango ephakamileyo. - ugqirha ukulungiswa psychological liqhuba Unyango kunye ngengqondo: Ngokuphathelele oku umahluko siyavumelana yaziswa. Yonke imibuzo efanayo, ezinxulumene nonyango lwengqondo kunye nokulungiswa (psychological), kwaye evulekileyo kwi mzuzu.

Yamkela ukunika izimvo ezimbini kwimboniselo kule ngongoma:

1. yesazisi Full ingqalelo ngaphezu magama. Kodwa oku kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba ukulungiswa (ngokwasengqondweni) njengoko yokuntlokothiswa ngqo iqaphelwa nje kuphela yezonyango (ezintathu kwiindawo eziphambili yesicelo: Unyango, nokuvuselelwa nangokwengqondo-prophylaxis), kodwa kwezinye iindawo, ngokomzekelo pedagogy. Nokuba kubomi bemihla ngemihla ingalandwa ntlokoma yayo.

2. Ukulungiswa (ngokwasengqondweni) senzelwe ukuba ukusombulula iingxaki psychoprophylaxis (kuzo zonke izigaba), ingakumbi ngexesha ezilandelayo yothintelo eziziisekondari. Kodwa lo myalelo engqongqo somxholo inkqubo ekuthethwa bubonakaliswe, ukuze ndithethe, ngumntu; kakhulu nezifo ukuchaza ngokucacileyo amagama afana ukulungiswa ngokwasengqondweni, unyango, uthintelo, unyango akwenzeki, kuba neurosis - sisifo, ibakho nemiba (akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba ukulandelela nenqanaba pre-isifo kwesifo kunye nenkqubo yonyango ibandakanya yothintelo eziziisekondari).

Kwakhona, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, apha ngaphakathi kwinkqubo yonyango kwisimo kwezifo baya emanyanisiweyo ethathela ingqalelo phambi kwi etiopathogenesis yeemeko zentlalo, zebhayoloji nangokwasengqondweni, zonke ezi zinto zifuna unyango ekulungiseni undonakele okanye ukuxhaphaza, ezifanelekileyo nemvelo yawo. Kwimeko apho kukho into engqondweni kuzo izifo ezithile ithathwa etiologic, ukulungiswa yakhe njengomntu oqeqeshiweyo kakhulu ngexesha elinye njengenye yeekhomponenti yenkqubo loo unyango, njengoko nonyango lwengqondo.

Ukuze ukumisela inkqubo-sikhokelo malunga ubudlelwane ingqalelo ngentla iingqiqo nosology amaxesha kuba nzima. Indima olube kwi-sikhokelo etiopathogenesis esi sifo kubangela iindlela ezithile yokuqhelwaniswa lwengqondo ngenxa zokusombulula imisebenzi, oko kusenza ukuba ukuchonga iindlela lokulungisa engqondweni kunye nonyango lwengqondo.

Ukuthelekiswa yokuqeqesha engqondweni nge yokungenelela psychological

Isiphumo - kufana ezicacileyo. Ukulungiswa (ngokwasengqondweni), kwakunye ungenelelo ngokwasengqondweni, zithathwa impembelelo ngokuba nenjongo ngokwasengqondweni yaqaphela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu kwaye kwenziwa nasengqondweni.

Zombini owenza umsebenzi ofanayo. Xa iincwadi wasemzini ingcamango eliqhelekileyo ngakumbi "ungenelelo engqondweni", kunye emakhaya - ". Ukulungiswa psychological"

Iindlela wokulungiswa engqondweni

Bona zahlukahlukene, ukuba zihlelwe kwemiqathango, ngokusekelwe iindlela zabo ezingundoqo ezithile:

1. Yokuziphatha (ezinxaxhileyo baphathwa njengoko imigaqo behaviorism: ukulungiswa nonyango lwengqondo nasengqondweni sizibandakanya imfuneko ukudala izakhono kangangoko yokuziphatha nomonde, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ukuphazamiseka zempilo yengqondo azimisele yokuziphatha maladaptive).

asetyenziswa apha iindlela, nabanako kalukhuni zihlelwa ngokwamaqela amathathu:

• kontrobuslovlivaniya (gap ezimbi kuqinisa uqhagamshelwano phakathi iimpendulo nokushukunyiswa, kunye (okanye) indawo yayo indawo entsha (practice basebenzisa iindlela bengqondo kudityaniswe mpembelelo nemeko ezimnandi ezingemnandi kumguli okanye ngenye indlela);
• iindlela operant (ukusetyenziswa namabhaso inkqubo enqwenelekayo, ngokutsho inyathelo leetherapisti);
• iindlela ezisekelwe kwiimbono sotsiobihevioristov (presentation kagqirha imodeli ifanelekileyo yokuziphatha).

2. Lo msebenzi (ukulungiswa ezizodwa ngokuququzelela inkqubo yokufunda, apho - ulawulo nolawulo yomsebenzi lwangaphandle kunye nofa).

3. cognitivist (isiseko - ingcamango yokuba isenza ungubani lombutho njenge nezakhiwo ezithile cognitive, ukusetyenziswa "abakhi zobuqu ', ivumela ukuba ukubeka yeengcinga ezifanelekileyo phambili ngehlabathi).

4. PSYCHOANALYTIC (aid ekuqapheleni oonobangela nomonde unconscious amava ezinzulu iimpawu esibuhlungu ngokuba befunda).

5. I ekuphileni-humanistic (ngokususela kwintanda-bulumko ebomini).

6. therapy zeGestalt (ngokubuyiselwa ekuqhubekekeni ngayo ingqondo yomntu).

7. Psychodrama (nokumodela ngokohlobo imeko yeqonga abadlali iqela, ecetywayo omnye izigulane, kwaye zisekelwe phezu iziganeko yokwenene yobomi bakhe okanye amabali bakhe iphupha).

8. Body-ebomini (ngokusekelwe "Vegetoterapiya" inkqubo W. Reich, "eqhubela isikrweqe dystrophy", nto leyo kamva kunceda umntu ukuba khupha amandla kuthetha ukuba kube lula ekubandezelekeni kwawo).

9. Psychosynthesis (sub-Ubuntu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo - abantu ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi umntu ngamnye, nto leyo ngexa unyango, isigulana lidibana kwaye afunde ukuba abahlule zabo yokwenene "Mna").

10. Transpersonal (ukunceda isigulane ukudibana kunye namava akhe zingqondweni efanelekileyo ukuze aphile ngokusebenzisa kwisicelo 'ukuphefumla holotropic "indlela).

iindlela psychodiagnostics

Zezi zilandelayo:

1. Ezingenanto (unikele lwezifundo uthotho lwemibuzo kunye namasiko).
2. Iikhweshine iindlela loxilongo ngokwasengqondweni (becela isifundo imibuzo ngomlomo).
3. Elihle (sebenzisa eyenziwe iiphatheni uvavanyo okanye nokutolikwa imifanekiso yazo ndigqibile).
4. Design (ukusebenzisa ubuchule ngentla).
5. iindlela elibanzi-nokuqhathwa loxilongo engqondweni (ukumelwa ngohlobo iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto yokwenene isonjululwe imisebenzi test).

umntwana Iinjongo psychocorrection

Njengenxalenye kwingcingane yesizwe, nanzo ebekwe yimithetho ukuqonda nangokwasengqondweni nasekusungulweni kumntwana ngokusebenzayo nokuphuhlisa umsebenzi inkqubo, leyo ifezekiswa ngentsebenziswano ne omdala.

iinjongo yokulungisa ngokwasengqondweni ibunjwa ngokusekelwe:

• yokusebenzisa le meko lwentlalo uphuhliso waphawula;
• ukuyilwa kwiziseko ezitsha ubudala-ngokwasengqondweni;
• uphuhliso iintlobo ezahlukeneyo waphawula umsebenzi lomntwana.

Kukho imithetho ekufuneka elawula iinkcukacha phantsi iinjongo ulungiso ingqalelo, ezizezi:

1. Kufuneka kwenziwa ngendlela eyakhayo.
2. iinjongo unyango engqondweni kufuneka ibe sengqiqweni ngokwaneleyo.
3. Anomoya ziquka iingqikelelo zophuhliso zangoku nezekamva umntwana ukuba uhlaziyo eyondeleleneyo iinkqubo wezobulungiswa.
4. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba hlengahlengiso zengqondo yabantwana unika iziphumo ezibalulekileyo kuphela emva kwexesha elide (ngexa unyango, ukuya ekupheleni kwawo, iinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuba).

Imisebenzi professional yokuqhelaniswa nezifundo oluleko kunye nokuphuhlisa katitshala-ngengqondo iziko elizinikeleyo isebenza iqelana, iqela neentlobo ngamnye lomsebenzi. ukulungiswa Psychological kunye nophuhliso umntwana ifom enye okanye omnye ugqibe kuxhomekeke iimpawu zayo (nobukhali iingxaki mood, ubudala, yaye izinga eziphathekayo umbono al.).

Le nkqubo yokuqeqesha nangokwasengqondweni abafikisayo kunye yokudodobala kwengqondo

Imfundo ukuziphatha Socio-efanelekileyo - le njongo ibalulekileyo pedagogy loluleko. Le nkqubo yokuqeqesha nangokwasengqondweni yokuziphatha abantwana ukukhubazeka engqondweni Asiyonto ilula ngenxa yokuba lo mzuzu langoku buthathaka, uphuhliso nokuqhwalela, ingakumbi psychophysiological yokuziphatha iindlela isiseko (ubuntu ngokwenene-volitional).

Isizathu sokuba nokungavisisani of homeostasis yengqondo - ukusilela etsolo palsy, ukukhubazeka kophuhliso-luvo. Ngoko ke, ukulungiswa indlela yokuziphatha - gqolo ibalulekileyo inkqubo esebenza abafikisayo kunye yokudodobala kwengqondo. Kufuneka zijoliswe ekunciphiseni ndlongo abantwana ukuze kumiliselwe ukuziphatha olwaneleyo zentlalo evunyiweyo.

Yena wayenza-arhente ezikhethekileyo, umzekelo, embindini yolungelelaniso engqondweni "amaziko intetho yeziko yosapho." Umgaqo ibalulekileyo umsebenzi wakhe - degree accounting kunye neendlela zophuhliso kwengqondo komntwana.