Ukulungelelanisa moya: ntoni na? Indlela ukuphawula ingongoma nokwakha amanani kwi nokulungelelanisa moya?

Mathematics - inzululwazi nto inzima kakhulu. Ukufunda oko, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukusombulula imizekelo neengxaki, kodwa ukusebenza ezahlukeneyo amanani, kunye nokuba iinqwelo-moya. Enye zezona lwimi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimathematika yinkqubo zilungelelanise-moya. Utyando efanelekileyo, abantwana bafundiswa iqela leminyaka. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba wazi ukuba yintoni na yaye, ukuba asebenze njani.

Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni na le nkqubo, ndingenza ntoni na, bafunde iimpawu zayo eziphambili neempawu.

le nkcazelo

Ukulungelelanisa moya - lo moya apho inkqubo ethile ezihambelanayo. Lo moya buchazwa imigca emibini ngqo ezidibanayo kwi engile. Kwindawo yonqumlo ezi imigca na imvelaphi. ingongoma nganye kwi nokulungelelanisa moya buchazwa iperi amanani, ebizwa ezihambelanayo.

Kwimathematika kwisikolo abafundi kufuneka asebenze ngendlela ngokusondeleyo kunye nokulungelelanisa inkqubo - ukwakha kuyo kunye namanani indawo ukumisela ukuba ngowuphi moya uthengwayo yeyomnye okanye omnye ukuququzelela, yaye zijongisise uququzelelo lwendawo nokubhala okanye kubabiza. Ngoko makhe sithethe ngakumbi zonke iinkalo uququzelelo. Kodwa touch okokuqala kwimbali yendalo, uze uthethe ngendlela ukusebenza kwi ukuqhuba moya.

ulwazi zembali

Ingcamango nokulungelelanisa inkqubo besebusweni ngexesha kwePtolemy. Nokuba ke, ngeenkwenkwezi kunye zemathematika ubucinga ukuba ufunde indlela ukubuza nendawo yencopho-moya. Ngelishwa, ngelo xesha, kodwa bengazi ukuba kuthi, le ukulungelelanisa inkqubo, yaye izazinzulu kwafuneka ukuba ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela.

Ekuqaleni bacela indawo ngokukhankanya izibanzi nezide. Ukuze ixesha elide kwaba enye yeendlela ezininzi sebenzisa imephu le okanye elo lwazi. Kodwa ngo-1637 Rene Dekart wadala eyakhe nokulungelelanisa inkqubo yayo ebizwa kamva imbeko sezibalo enkulu "cartesian".

Emva kokupapashwa umsebenzi "Geometry" nokulungelelanisa inkqubo Rene Dekarta ezazixhaphakile kuluntu lwezenzululwazi.

Kakade ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVII. elithi "nokulungelelanisa moya" baziwa kakhulu kusetyenziswa ehlabathini lwemathematika. Nangona isibakala sokuba ukususela ukusekwa kwale nkqubo sele iinkulungwane eziliqela, solo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimathematika, kunye nobomi.

Imizekelo nokulungelelanisa indiza

Ngaphambi kokuba sithethe ngayo ithiyori, ukunika embalwa imizekelo ebonisa imifanekiso ye ukulungelelanisa moya, ngoko ungabona ngayo. Eyokuqala nokulungelelanisa inkqubo ezisetyenziswa wechess. Ebhodini, isikwere nganye zilungelelanise zayo - omnye Inanai elihambiselanayo lika le ncwadi, le yesibini - digital. Unga sebenzisa oku ukuba ukujonga indawo isiqwenga esithile ebhodini.

Owona mzekelo yesibini okuphawuleka umdlalo uthande kakhulu-of "inqanawa". Khumbula ukuba, xa udlala, libizwe uququzelelo, ezifana B3, ngaloo ndlela ebonisa kanye apho crosshair. Kwangaxeshanye, ebeka iinqanawa, nina amanqaku anikwe kwi nokulawula moya.

Le nkqubo nokulungelelanisa lisetyenziswa kuphela kwimathematika, imidlalo logic, kodwa emkhosini, ngeenkwenkwezi, inzululwazi kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi ezininzi.

namazembe

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, kule ukunxibelelanisa inkqubo nemigca enqamleze ayinabantu. Masithethe kancinci kubo, ekubeni kubaluleke kakhulu.

I-axis lokuqala - i abscissa - tye. It yonyulwa (Ox). I-axis yesibini - ilungelelanisa elisuke nkqo ngokusebenzisa reference point kwaye zibonakaliswe njenge (Oy). Ezi fom ezimbini ukuqhuba inkqubo axis, ngokwahlula-moya ibe kwiikota ezine. Imvelaphi kwindawo yonqumlo ezi nemigca enqamleze kwaye ibekwe ku 0. Kuphela xa moya ukhandwa ezimbini ezidibanayo amazembe nkqo ukuba indawo yesalathisi, ukuqhuba moya.

Kwakhona qaphela ukuba ngamnye iiasi lube indlela yayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa kusakhiwa a nokulungelelanisa inkqubo eyamkelweyo ukubonisa ulwalathiso ezimanyeneyo iintolo. Ngaphezu koko, ukwakhiwa nganye nokulungelelanisa moya nezamazembe ezisayiniweyo.

ngekota

Ngoku amagama ambalwa malunga ngqikelelo njengoko ikota nokulungelelanisa moya enjalo. Lo moya wahlulwe yi nemigca enqamleze zibe kwiikota ezine. Ngamnye kubo inombolo yayo, kwaye inani iinqwelomoya ukuba ebalwa.

Nganye kwiikota uneempawu zawo. Ngenxa yoko, kwikota yokuqala abscissa kunye Ukunxibelelanisa i-HIV kwikota yesibini ka abscissa negative, ukulungelelanisa - yinto entle kwesesithathu abscissa kunye kwemisebenzi okubi iqula sesine abscissa HIV kunye navumelanayo - kwemisebenzi.

Khumbula ezi mpawu, unako lula ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi kwikota zinokubandakanya enye okanye enye ingongoma. Ukongeza, le nkcazelo kunokuba luncedo kuwe ukuba kufuneka wenze ubalo usebenzisa le nkqubo we cartesian.

Ukusebenza kunye nokulungelelanisa moya

Xa awamphatha ngayo ingqiqo moya yaye sasithetha malunga neekota zakhe, ungaya ingxaki enjalo, ukuba asebenze njani na le nkqubo, kwakunye ukuthetha malunga ukubeka indlela ingongoma yakhe, uququzelelo amanani. On the nokulungelelanisa moya ukuba kube nzima ukuze oko kusenokubonakala xa efika kuqala.

Ubukhulu becala wakha inkqubo ngokwayo, luthwala zonke isiqu ebalulekileyo. Koko sele besebenza ngqo amanqaku okanye iimilo. Noko ke, nkqu ukwakhiwa amanani-moya wokuqala iyelenqe ngongoma, yaye emva koko basondela amanani.

Emva koko, siza kuthetha banzi ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo kwaye isicelo ngqo amanqaku kunye iimilo.

Imithetho yokwakha moya

Ukuba ugqiba ukuba babhiyozele kumanani iphepha ngokoMthetho, kuza kufuneka ukuba ukulungelelanisa moya. Zika lwamanqaku isicelo kuyo. Ukuze kwakhiwe i ukulungelelanisa moya, kufuneka umlawuli kuphela kunye usiba okanye ipensile. Okokuqala, lo ongu abscissa ingqalelo tyaba, ngoko nkqo - kwemisebenzi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba nezamazembe phambana kwi engile.

Ngaphezu koko, phezu axis nganye ibonisa ulwalathiso bayisayine babhale usebenzisa ngobhalo x eqhelekileyo kunye y. Kuyaqapheleka kwindawo yonqumlo nezamazembe zize zisayinwe lika 0.

I indawo elandelayo kufuneka-see na isakhiwo isicelo. Kwi ngasinye nezamazembe kumacala omabini zimakishwa zize zisayinwe iyunithi-inxalenye. Oku kwenziwa ukuze ke ngoko ibe nako ukusebenza ne-moya kunye lula esiphezulu.

Siphawula indawo

Ngoku makhe sithethe malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa uququzelelo zamanqaku kwi nokulawula moya. Nguwo lo isiseko ufanele wazi ukuze ukufaka ngempumelelo kwi womgca ezahlukeneyo iimilo, nkqu kubhiyozela nxaki.

Ngokwakha amanqaku kufuneka kukhunjulwe njengoko zilungelelanise zabo ngokuchanekileyo. Ngoko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokubuza le ngongoma, bhala amanani amabini kwindawo yegama. Umvo lokuqala imele yokuququzelela indawo kwi abscissa, wesibini - phezu kwemisebenzi.

Yakha indawo kufuneka ibe njalo. Nceda qaphela kwindawo umgca kwindawo inkabi sona, uze uphawule kwindawo esqwini Oy. Okulandelayo, zoba komgca wentelekelelo ukusuka data yophawulo ukufumana indawo apho phambana - oku kuya kuba indawo emiselweyo.

Uya kuqaphela kuphela kwaye iyisayine. Njengoko ubona, yonke ilula kwaye ifuna izakhono ezizodwa.

ubeke umfanekiso

Ngoku siza kumbuzo enjalo, njengoko ulwakhiwo amanani kwi nokulawula moya. Ukuze ukwakha phezu nokulungelelanisa moya nayiphi na imilo, ufanele wazi ukuba ukubeka indlela ingongoma. Ukuba uyazi ukuba yenziwa njani, emva koko abeke umzobo-moya ayikho nzima kangaka.

Okokuqala kufuneka uququzelelo iingongoma mzobo. Kumnandi ke kubo iya kusebenza siya nokulungelelanisa inkqubo yethu ukhethe amanani yemigca. Cinga ukuzoba uxande, unxantathu kunye isangqa.

Masiqalise nge uxande. Makayixhome kakhulu nje. Okokuqala,-moya ka isicelo amachaphaza ezine emele iimbombo yoxande. Emva koko, onke manqaku amaqhina oqhagamshelwano apha series.

Isicelo lo nxantathu akukho ezahlukeneyo. Into kuphela - yena engile ezintathu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba lo moya zibekwa amachaphaza ezintathu emele eziphezulu.

kukho malunga ojikeleyo kufuneka bazi uququzelelo zamanqaku ezimbini. Ingongoma yokuqala - embindini wesangqa, okwesibini - ingongoma ebonisa radius yayo. Ezi ngongoma zimbini abekwa kwi-moya. Emva koko uthathe ikhampasi, balinganise umgama phakathi kweendawo ezimbini. Ngencam nekhampasi ibekwe kwindawo ebonisa iziko kwaye sichazwa ngokuthi kwisangqa.

Njengoko ubona, kukho kwakhona akukho deal enkulu, okoko nje esandleni ibisoloko umlawuli kunye nekhampasi.

Ngoku uyazi indlela yokusebenzisa uququzelelo amanani. -nje moya akunzima njengoko kusenokubonakala xa efika kuqala.

iziphumo

Ngoko ke, siye sithethe nawe enye iingqiqo zemathematika umdla kunye esisiseko, nayo umfundi ngamnye.

bonke abafunyanwa ukuba nokulungelelanisa moya Thina - lo moya akhiwa kuhlangana nemigca enqamleze esiqwini. Ingasetyenziswa ukubeka uququzelelo zamanqaku, isicelo kuyo shape. Lo moya yahlulwe kwisine, nganye eneyazo uneempawu zawo.

Isakhono basic kufuneka ukuba ziphuhliswe xa besebenza kunye nokulungelelanisa moya, - ukukwazi ukusebenzisa kakuhle oko amanqaku anikwe. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka wazi indawo oluchanekileyo nezamazembe, ingakumbi yokuhlala, kwakunye nemithetho ngawo uququzelelo iingongoma.

Siyathemba ukuba le ntetho ulwazi lwethu efikelelekayo eziqondakalayo, waba luncedo kakhulu kuwe ukunceda ukuba baqonde ngcono le sihloko.