Ukufunda imithetho ngesiNgesi kubaqalayo kunye nemizekelo

Into yokuqala umntu oqala ukufunda isiNgesi ubhekene nayo ubunzima bokufunda amaninzi amagama. Kule nqanaba, amahlaya amaninzi phakathi kweentetho zelwimi, ukuba uthini ngabo abo angabalwanga. Omnye ulwimi lwesiDatshi wabhala umbongo oqulethe iingxaki ezinzima kunye neziphikisanayo zesiNgesi ze-phonetics - kunzima ukuwufunda ngaphandle kweephene nakwabo bawazi kakuhle ulwimi.

Kodwa amahlaya amahlaya, kodwa omnye kufuneka afunde ukubiza amagama ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kuncedwa yimithetho yokufunda ngesiNgesi. Kwabaqalayo, baya kuba nzima, kodwa kuphela okungaqhelekanga. Emva kokuba uziqonde kwaye uphumelele kakuhle imfundiso ngemizekelo, uya kubona ukuba baya kuba lula kangakanani ubomi bakho.

Ziziphi le migaqo?

Ngaphandle kokuziqonda, kuya kuba nzima ukufunda ukufunda. Ngokuqinisekileyo, unakho ukukhumbula ukubhalwa kwamagama alawo adibana nawo. Kodwa kulo mzekelo ukukwazi kwakho ukufunda kuya kuba kunzima. Yaye ukuba udibana negama kunye neengcambu eziqhelekileyo, kodwa isisombululo esingenakuqondakala okanye isiqalo sokufunda? Okanye lakho igama? Kwiimeko ezinjalo, iimpazamo ziyakwazi ukuphepha, ukuba awukwazi imithetho yokufunda ngesiNgesi. Kubaqalayo, zibaluleke kakhulu, kuba zivumela ukuba uzive kwaye uqonde ingqiqo yolwakhiwo lolwimi kuwo onke amanqanaba, ngokuqala ngeefowuni.

Emva koko, uya kufunda ukufunda izandi ezahlukeneyo kunye nokudibanisa kwabo, indlela yokubonisa imithetho yesiNgesi kubantwana kunye nantoni na ongayisebenzisa ukuze ufunde ukufunda nokukhumbula iimpawu zokubhaliselwa.

Iincwadana zokufunda

Masiqale ngokulula, kwaye siza kuqhubela phambili. Izandi ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ngolwimi lwesiNgesi zihluke kakhulu kwiRashiya. Kodwa ke umahluko uvakalelwa. Ngokubanzi, sinokuhlukanisa izixhobo ezinjalo:

• Kuhlala kuthiwa ngokuqinisekileyo;
• Izandi zaseSonorous azixhamli kwiziphelo zamagama;
• Emva kokuba izandi [p, t, k] zifuna, kuba imilomo ivuleka ngokukhawuleza kunokuba isetyenziswe ngesiRashiya;
• Isandi [s] sichazwa ngokucacileyo, ngomlomo omibini;
• Xa ukuvakalisa isandi [v], ngokuchaseneyo, kuphela umlomo ophantsi ochaphazelekayo;
• Izandi ezininzi [t, d, s, z, n, l, tʒ, i-dʒ] zivakaliswa ngolwimi lwalwimi oluchaphazela i-alveoli, kwaye kungabi ngamazinyo (njengokwamazwi aseRashiya).

Ukufunda izikhalazi: ezine iintlobo zesilayili

Siyaqhubeka sidibanisa imithetho yokufunda ngesiNgesi. Kubaqalayo ngemimiselo kungcono ukuhambisa izinto. Emva koko kuya kucaca indlela yokuchaza oku okanye ukuvakala.

Kukho iilwimi ezi-6 kuphela kwi-alfabhethi yesiNgesi , kodwa ubunzima bokuzifunda bubangelwa kubukho beentlobo ezine ezahlukeneyo zezilwimi:

• Vula;
• Valiwe;
• I-Vowel + r;
• I-vowel + r + vowel.

Cinga ngabo bonke, ukuze ungayikhohlwa imizekelo.

Kwisilwimi esilula, i-vowel ifundwa njengoko ibizwa ngokuba yi-alfabhethi: O ifundwa ngokuthi "ou (eu)", u-U ufundwa ixesha elide "yu," njl. Ukwahlula kuphela yileta Y, ebizwa ngokuthi "ay". Indlela yokuchonga ukuba isilagiya ivulekile? Kufuneka iphele ngeviliyile engayima:

• Ekupheleni kwegama elithi monosyllabic (mna, hamba);
• Ekuqaleni okanye phakathi (umdlalo, ixesha, umculo);
• Emva kwesinye isilumkiso (isayiti).

Kwi syllable evaliweyo, ephelelwa kwisiqhelo (ngamanye amaxesha aphindwe kabini), iilwimi zifundwa ziqingqiweyo:

• IAa [æ] iyajika ibe yinto phakathi kweRashiya izandi [a] kunye [e], umzekelo: ikati, i-apula.
• Uu [ʌ] ifana nesandi saseRussia [a], umzekelo: i-rubber, gxuma.
• Ii [i] ifundwa njengomsindo omfutshane waseRashiya [kunye], umzekelo: hlala, umnwe.
• Ee [e] ifundwa ngomsindo [e], umzekelo: ipeni, iqanda.
• U-oo [ɔ] ufundwa ngomsindo omfutshane [o], umzekelo: ivenkile, i-fox.
• Yy [i] phantsi kwengcinezelo kufuneka ifundwe njengesandi esifutshane [kunye], umzekelo: imfihlelo, inkolelo.

Oku kubuncinane, okuquka ukufunda imithetho yesiNgesi kubaqalayo. Ngokuzivocavoca kuzo zonke iindidi ezi-4 kungcono ukuba ungagqizi, kodwa kuqala ufunde ukungafani phakathi kweempawu ezivaliweyo nezivulekileyo. Emva koko unako ukuya phambili, kwiimeko ezinzima.

Uhlobo lwesilagiya "vowel + r" lufundwa lulandelayo:

• -kwabizo ngezwi elide [aaa];
• - okanye ifundwe ixesha elide [ooo];
• -iy, -er ifana nesandi [o], kodwa yenziwa kuphela ngomqala.

Uluhlu lwesilwimi "i-vowel + r + vowel" litshintsha isandi sibe yinto ekhethekileyo ye-English phonetics - diphthong:

• I-Aa ifundwa [ɛə], umzekelo: qhayisa.
• Ewe ifundwa [iə], umzekelo: nje.
• Ii funda [aiə], umzekelo: umlilo.
• Uu ufundwa [juə], umzekelo: unyango.
• Yy ifundwa [aiə], umzekelo: ithayi.

Ngaphandle kwileta ye-Oo, ekwahlulelweni lwesine kwesilabhasi ayifundwa yi-diphthong, kodwa nje kuphela ngomde [ɔ:]. Umzekelo: ngaphezulu.

Ukufunda kwamagama

Ukufunda imithetho ngesiNgesi (kubaqalayo kunye nokuqhubela phambili ukufundisisa) akunakuyenza ngaphandle kokuchaza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeinconsi kunye nezikhalazi. Masiqale ngeyokuqala.

Ukudibanisa no-r ekuqaleni kwegama: isandi [w] asibizwanga. Imizekelo: bhala, isandla, sibi.

Ukudibanisa kumhlophe ekuqaleni kwegama: isandi [h] singabizwanga. Imizekelo: kutheni, yintoni, emhlophe. Kodwa kukho okungafaniyo: ukuba -wh ilandelwa ngu -o, ke [xa] uhla xa ufunda. Ngoko amagama: ngubani, opheleleyo, Ngubani kunye nabanye abavakalayo.

Kwiileta kn ne gn ekuqaleni kwegama: kuphela isandi [n] sifundwa. Imizekelo: iinki, iinkuni.

Udibaniso lwe-ng ekupheleni kwegama lizwakala ngathi isandi [ŋ], sichazwa ngeempumlo (siya), kwaye phakathi kwegama-nje [ŋg], umzekelo: ulambile, umculi.

Udibaniso lwe-ch lufundwa [tʃ], njengomsindo waseRussia [ch '], ithambileyo. Umzekelo: ushizi, umqeqeshi.

Ukudibanisa sh kunikeza isandi [ʃ], esifana nesiRashiya [w] kwinguqu epholileyo yokubiza. Umzekelo: yena, phakamisa.

Udibaniso lweeileta ezifundwayo [kw], umzekelo: ukumkanikazi, ngokuqinisekileyo.

Ukudibanisa kwe-bland ye-efundwe ngayo [ə]: umbala, intandokazi.

Ukudibene-ekupheleni kwamagama kufuneka kufundwe [əs]: yingozi, idume.

Ukudibanisa kwee-letters -sion emva kokuba isichazizwi sichazwa [ʃn], umzekelo: umsebenzi. Kwaye emva kwesandi sevolumu kukho ukukhalaza [ʒn], umzekelo: isigqibo.

Ngaphambi kokuba i-letters e, i, y: i-consonant C ibhengezwe ngesandi, G isichazwa [dʒ]. Kwezinye iimeko ufunda kanje: C - [k], G - [g]. Thelekisa: i-cell-cat, i-gym - umdlalo.

Inhlanganisela yevotyile: -yabona, kunye -a unike isandi eside [i:], i-inhlanganisela ifundwa [ai], i-combination inika isandi ixesha elide [u:]. Umzekelo: inyosi, uphawu, inyanga.

Enyanisweni, maxa wambi ikhethiweyo. Umzekelo: igazi: kweli gama, i-O yesibini ifundwa njengesandi [ʌ]. Kodwa akukho zininzi ziimeko. Kulula ukukhumbuza, kwaye azinakucacisa imigaqo yokufunda ngesiNgesi.

Kubaqalayo

Kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala, inkcazo yemithetho iyahluka. Abancinci "abaNgesi" baya kufunda kakuhle ulwazi, ukuba banikezwa ngamacandelo omdlalo kunye neenganekwane. Ngokomzekelo, unokuchaza iintlobo ezi-1 kunye neesi-2 zokufunda njenge "evulekile" kunye "nevaliwe" iingcango, apho kwimeko yokuqala iileta ziziva zikhululekile kwaye zikhwaza igama labo (kwi-alfabhethi) ngokuphakamileyo, kwaye okwesibini - ayifumanekanga. Ngokufanayo, ungabhala uhlobo lwegrama yenkcazelo yamagama uze uxele umntwana wakhe. Isalathisi esisebenzayo sinokuba ngumsebenzi: "ukupela" amagama, ngokuwafunda ngokuchanekileyo. Kulula kakhulu kwaye kunomdla ukukhumbula imithetho yokufunda ngesiNgesi.

Isikolo esiprayimari

Itafile encinci echazwe ngezantsi iquka imithetho yokufunda izikhalazo ezimbini kwiindidi zezilwanyana. Ukulungelelana komntwana ongaqhelananga nokubhalwa kwephepha, ecaleni kwesandi kufakwa malunga nokufunda kwakhe, kubhalwe phantsi kweencwadi zesiRashiya. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, itekisi kufuneka ifundwe ngokuvakalayo kunye nomntu omdala owazi ulwimi: umntu makayiqwalasele indlela enye ileta eziphatha ngayo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwimi, nokuqonda imizekelo ecetywayo yamagama.

Abafundi bezikolo zaseprayimari bavame ukucelwa ukuba bafunde amanqaku okubhalwa kwimiqulu ekhaya. Unokwenza isethi yamakhadi kwaye usebenze kanje: ufunda igama elifutshane, apho kukho isandi esithile, kwaye umntwana ubonisa ikhadi ngokutyunjwa kwalo. Kwimisebenzi yeqela, wonke umntu kufuneka abe neyakhe.

Funda ngaphandle kokungabaza

Ngokukhawuleza xa kunokwenzeka kwaye ngokugqithiseleyo ukukhumbula imithetho yokufunda ngesiNgesi? Kubaqalayo, ukuzivocavoca kuya kuba yinto ekhethekileyo. Kulungile ukuba ulawula ukudibanisa iindidi ezimbini zeeklasi: mamela iisampulu kwaye ufunde ngokuzimela. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ingaba yinto ebangelwa ngokukhawuleza, ngoko kulungile ukudibanisa izinto zemidlalo kunye nokhuphiswano. Umzekelo, thabatha uluhlu lwamagama ahlukeneyo kwimithetho eyahlukeneyo - enye kuwe, enye ngomhlobo-kwaye khangela ukuba ngubani oza kufunda ngokukhawuleza kunye neeposiso ezimbalwa. Inguqu yomdlalo ingaba oku: usebenzisa amakhadi adibeneyo ngamagama ahlukeneyo kunye namanqaku okubhalisana, fumana kwaye ubeke umdlalo.

Ngubani ofuna ukufunda imithetho ngesiNgesi? Kubaqalayo ukuba bafunde (oku ngaphandle kokuthetha), kwabo baqhubekayo - ukuvavanya ngokwabo, kunye nokulibala - ukukhumbula ulwazi olungasetyenziswanga ixesha elide.