Uhlaziyo onyuliweyo rada Ivana Groznogo

Ekupheleni 1540s xa umlawuli oselula uIvan IV wambumba isangqa amanani, lowo wathembela ishishini sikarhulumente. Kamva, urhulumente omtsha Andrei Kurbsky ebizwa ngokuba "ezikhethiweyo rada". Eyona idumileyo ilungu layo Adashev Alexei Fedorovich, confessor uSylvester Viskovatov Ivan Mikhailovich - yintloko Abameli lo myalelo, kunye nezinye iinkosana ezimbalwa amanene.

Uhlaziyo abakhethiweyo happy

Amanyathelo okuqala kubuyekezo zaye izidwangube kunye irhuluneli yokuhlangana. Ngowe-1549 kwenzeka ngoFebruwari yokuhlangana, apho waba ngowokuqala Zemsky Sobor. Ezi zicwangciso zopolitiko ezingundoqo ukhethe unoyolo mandla lonke ulawulo karhulumente Russian kwi kwimodeli Western yempucuko. Inguquko iyafuneka yempahla ngokutsha. Uhlaziyo ukhethe yokuqhelaniswa happy antiboyarskuyu. Oku wayekholose abanini, izikhulu, dolophu, yaye, ke ngoko, wavakalisa izinto zabo kuphela.

Wakhethwa Ndiyavuya iinguqulelo kwenzeka ngo-1549-1560 gg., Kwasetyenziswa utshintsho kuwo onke amacandelo oluntu. Iinguqu ezichaphazelekayo zolawulo, neecawa, ezomthetho, ezemali, irhafu kunye nezinye iinkqubo.

Ekhethiweyo ekudlalelwa Uhlaziyo Vuyani kwiinkqubo zomthetho kunye nolawulo

Xa isigqibo i "Cathedral xo" ngo-1549 ukulungiselela iseti entsha lwemithetho. Ilungisiwe yoMthetho yasekwa ngo-1550. Ubudlelwane phakathi izinduna kunye nabalimi belizwe akawatshintshi loo manqaku, siza kugcina imigaqo efanayo kunye nemithetho. Ngelo xesha luthande ukuba nomnyino intsimi amandla kormlenschikov, olukhawulezisiweyo inkqubo ukusekwa kwee-odolo. Ii-odolo - ezi urhulumente wokuqala ukusebenza, abaphethe kwiindawo ngamnye yemicimbi kawonke (kungenjalo zazibizwa amagumbi, iinkundla, njalo njalo). Eyona avelele izicelo, Strelets, Abameli-Sizwe kunye nezinye ii-odolo.

Ngelo xesha nye babesenza lonke karhulumente wengingqi. ulawulo Namestnichi ayengathathelwa indawo yolawulo yonyulo. Ezi kunye nezinye izinto eziluyilo bya indawo yezikhulu eluntwini, zihlangene ukuhlonipheka lephondo eklasini wenkonzo mzi.

guqula impi

Ngeminyaka yoo-50 yenkulungwane XVI wenza "I-Code of Service". umyalelo ongqongqo nkonzo sele ifakiwe. Bonke abanini, nokuba ubukhulu nemfuyo yabo, bakhula ngabantu servicemen. Government Alexei Adasheva walungelelanisa strelets umkhosi , ebumba looding bamaxhoba ukukhusela ukumkani. Ngokutsho iziphumo iinguqu zomkhosi engamawaka amashumi amawaka amajoni kwabonakala iingalo, izixhobo kunye nokutya.

komhlaba Church okhethiweyo happy

Ngowe-1551 wabalelwa Stoglav, eyapapashwa izikhwebu ezilikhulu lwamanqaku ngeempendulo Ivana Groznogo kubume ibandla. Stoglav ukuqinisa ingqeqesho jikelele webandla, ubomi kulawulwa. Inkosi yayifuna bathimbe kumazwe ecaweni, kodwa rada ezi iinjongo abonyuliweyo ukuba samkelwe. IBandla wafuna ngamandla ukomeleza igunya layo, yokwehla emehlweni abantu.

Ekhethiweyo ekudlalelwa Uhlaziyo ezilungileyo kwinkqubo mali

Akukho ngokutsha yolawulo ayikwazanga yenziwe ngaphandle hlengiso inkqubo yerhafu. Ngowe-1550, ubalo lwe bonke abemi. irhafu Homestead indawo yi kwiLizwe. Kwindawo esembindini ukwazisa unit irhafu ebizwa ngokuba "epuluweni ezinkulu", ixabiso layo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ye-mhlaba. Ukuhlawula irhafu yabantu kuya zangaphakathi ngakumbi. "Imali Kormlenchesky" lathatyathelw 'indawo likazwelonke "inceba kormlenchesky."

Ngokubanzi, kuphuculo ekhethiweyo happy xa Ivan i ezimbi exutyiweyo. Baba ukusilela. Uhlaziyo bomeleze ngamandla wabanumzana kunye nokuphuculwa le meko. ukuphunyezwa luphazamisekile ngenxa abarhoxileyo lamangu rada ngo-1560