Ubuchwephesha bokufundisa ekufundiseni

Ingcamango "yokufunda iteknoloji" ibonakala ekufundiseni kwii-50s zekhulu lokugqibela. Ekuqaleni, "iteknoloji yezobugcisa" inxulumene nokufunda, kwaye iteknoloji ngokwayo ibonise ukuqeqeshwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa. Yingakho iingcali ezininzi zihlula isigaba samanje kwi-teknoloji ye-pedagogical, oku kuthetha ukutshintshwa kwimidiya yemveli (ithelevishini, umsakazo) kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yizobuchwepheshe obutsha. Iikhompyutha ezintsha zoqeqesho zoqeqesho ziyimakhompyutha, ii-microelectronic kunye ne-laser, iinkqubo zokugcina iikhompyutha, iziteshi zokunxibelelana , njl.

Iikhompyutheni zokufundisa ekufundiseni zizinto zeendlela, iifom, izixhobo zemfundo kunye nezindlela zokufundisa ezisetyenziselwa inkqubo kwinkqubo. Le ngenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zokuchaphazela ukufunda, ukukhuliswa kunye nophuhliso lomfundi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukufundisa ubuchwephesha ekufundiseni kubonisa inzululwazi yonke ngeendlela ezisebenzisa ngayo utitshala ukuchaphazela abafundi ngeendlela zobugcisa okanye iinkcukacha. Utitshala ngamnye unokuthathwa njengomdali wetheknoloji, vumela oku kudalwa kwaye kube nokuboleka. Ukuba utitshala ofunde ukuphatha iteknoloji, ekuhlaleni kwakhe inkqubo ephambili yinkqubo yokuqonda.

Ukuhlulwa kobuchwepheshe bokufundisa

Ukufunda uncwadi lwezifundo, umntu unokuphawula ukuba ubugcisa bokufundisa ekufundiseni bahlelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngezantsi, indlela yokwahlula i-G.K. Selevko, eyona edume kakhulu kwisayensi yesayensi, iza kwenziwa.

· Kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba, ubugcisa obunjengeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokufundisa, iindlela ezizimeleyo kunye nobuchwephesha bezobuchwephesha basekhaya.

· Ubu buchwepheshe bulandelayo bukwahluke kwifilosofi: i-dialectical and metaphysical, i-ideology kunye nezinto eziphathekayo, izinto zonqulo nezenzululwazi, i-theosophika kunye ne-anthroposophical, i-existentialist kunye ne-pragmatic, i-antihuman kunye neyabantu, iminyanzelo kunye nemfundo yamahhala.

· Kwiyona nto ephambili yokuphuhliswa kwengqondo: i-psychogenic, i-sociogenic, i-biogenic, idylistic.

· Ngokuziqhelanisa nezakhiwo zomntu - ezobuchwepheshe bokuzithuthuka, ezobuchwepheshe beenkcukacha, ubugcisa bobuchopho-mvakalelo, iimvakalelo eziphathekayo, iimpawu zokuziphatha kunye nokungena.

· Ngohlobo lwesakhiwo kunye nomxholo - ukufundisa nokufundisa, inkolo kunye nomhlaba, wezobugcisa kunye noluntu, olunzima kunye nolunenekayo, olutsha, oluzimeleyo, kunye ne-monotechnology.

· Ngohlobo lolawulo kunye nentlangano yomsebenzi wokuqonda, ukuqeqeshwa ngoncedo lwezakhono zobugcisa, ukufundisa ngoncedo lwekharityhulam, ukuqeqeshwa kwenkqubo, kunye neenkqubo "zamaqela amancinci", "umcebisi", "umqeqeshi".

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umbandela obalulekileyo wezobuchwepheshe bezobugcisa kukuthandana kwabantu abadala kumntwana, kunye nendawo (indawo) yomntwana kwinkqubo yemfundo. Ukuqhubela phambili kule nkqubo, ezobugcisa ezilandelayo zokufundisa ekufundiseni ziyavela:

· Umboneleli - utitshala uthatha isifundo esisodwa kwinkqubo yokufunda, umfundi unento "kuphela".

· Amacandelo - Ulwalamano lwezinto eziphathekayo lubusa phakathi kootitshala kunye nomfundi, kunye ne-pre-education pre-eminent.

Ubunjineli bobuchwepheshe bokufunda - ubuntu bomntwana, ukubonelelwa kweengxabano ezingenanto-mali, izimo ezikhuselekileyo kunye nezilungelelaniso nophuhliso lwayo ziphakathi kwenkqubo yonke yemfundo. Ubuntu bomntwana, ngokusekelwe kule teknoloji, umxholo ubaluleke kakhulu.

Ubuntu-ubudlelwane bobuqu bubuntu buntu, i-psychotherapeutic igxile kwinkxaso yedwa.

Ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisana - idemokhrasi, ubambiswano, ukulingana kwintsebenziswano phakathi kootitshala kunye notitshala.

· Ubuchwephesha bemfundo yamahhala-kugxila ekunikeni umfundi ngokuzimela kunye nenkululeko yokuzikhethela kwimida yobomi bakhe.

Ubuchwepheshe be-Esoteric - busekelwe kwiimfundiso zobungqina obuqinileyo-inyaniso kunye neendlela ezikhokelela kuyo.