System of komthetho zemali

Ukuze siqonde ngcono ukuba inkqubo yomthetho zemali, kubalulekile ukuqonda "ezezimali" ingqiqo, nto leyo isitshixo phantsi kwalo mxholo. Ngoko, kwi iincwadi yezoqoqosho, kwakunye nenzululwazi yomthetho, ingqiqo ka "ezezimali" kunokuba neentsingiselo ezimbini. Ngokutsho yokuqala, ngemali - iseti yonxulumano ezithile kwezoqoqosho, apho ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka lonikezelo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngakumbi kwemali ezahlukeneyo emali. Ixabiso yesibini umisela izimali njengoko wokuhlangana mali bahlanganiswa amagunya karhulumente ukuze kuphunyezwe eziliqela iingxaki.

Ngenxa yoko, izimali kuxoxwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, kungekhona imali, kodwa ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu iindlela nabo. Finance - njengendlela ukusasazwa sengeniso yesizwe, ukulawula phezu ukusasazwa yemali yelizwe, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lweli lizwe.

Imithetho elawula izinto zemali zidweliswe bamaziko zomthetho, leyo, enyanisweni, le nesakhiwo nkqubo elisemthethweni. Amaziko akhankanywe kumaqela ezinxulumene imithetho zomthetho elawula ubudlelwane zentlalo phakathi komthetho iintlobo.

Ekubeni zemali imigangatho yomthetho ezibekwe ngurhulumente, inkqubo yomthetho mali ibandakanya amalungu ama-2 - inxalenye jikelele kunye ezizodwa.

Inxalenye jikelele ibandakanya imigaqo elawula ifomu uze uchaze siseko jikelele kunye neendlela umsebenzi mali, inkqubo amaqumrhu karhulumente eziqulathe lo msebenzi, ubume amagosa kunye nendawo kwizifundo yobudlelwane zemali. Kuba inxenye jikelele kunye nolawulo nolawulo lwemali olufanelekileyo kunye nemigaqo ezisisiseko namaziko amazwe umthetho zemali.

Kwindawo ekhethekileyo, amaziko umthetho zemali ngolandelelwano ecacileyo. Kukho kufunyaniswe ukuba inqununu kwiziko umthetho mali. Ukuba inkqubo yohlahlo oluhlala lonke uluntu eziphambili izibonelelo zemali ukuqinisekisa imisebenzi ye-mandla. Kukho kwakhona off-lwabiwo mali cash, nayo leyo ziphantsi ezemali engundoqo. Qaphela ukuba amaziko omthetho elawula ubudlelwane kule nkalo, zithathwa ezinkulu kwaye eme nxamnye abaseleyo amaziko yemali neyomthetho.

Ekubeni inkqubo yomthetho zemali isekelwe kwi-mali, okt ingeniso neenkcitho uRhulumente kule ndawo kwiziko yaso - Institute of ingeniso yerhafu. Kuye imithetho elawula umlinganiselo irhafu lwamaqumrhu ngokwasemzimbeni kunye esemthethweni. ingeniso State kuquka amaziko ezimanyama imithetho zomthetho nezemali elawula mali amagunya kwemali kwakunye imithetho ephathelele i-inshorensi karhulumente abolekise.

Ukuba imali karhulumente ukuze sisebenze kakuhle, kuyimfuneko nje kuphela ukuze yande ingeniso kwi imali eninzi, kodwa tirhisa oko ngobulumko. Ngoko ke, lo iziko elisemthethweni elandelayo - iziko yenkcitho karhulumente apho obolekisayo ebhankini, inkxaso-mali karhulumente, ityala kurhulumente kunye ne-inshorensi.

Ekubeni imisebenzi zemali zisekelwe phezu kwegazi lawulo, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwindlela yolawulo-mali ka-mthetho ngumthetho lwemali.

Ukushwankathela, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba inkqubo yomthetho zemali - uhlobo reflection zemeko yangoku kwinkqubo mali eyodwa. Inxalenye yawo jikelele thaca nesenzeko ezingundoqo kunye concepts yemali karhulumente, ingakumbi ulawulo lomthetho kobudlelane zemali, imali kunye namaziko yomthetho. Inxalenye ekhethekileyo ababalasele la maziko kwindawo ethile. Imigaqo yomthetho mali isiseko ukufunda ingqeqesho kunye nokuziphatha lwemisebenzi lwemali karhulumente.