Squid ezinkulu: inkcazelo, imilinganiselo, iifoto

Sisihlandlo sokuqala kwalo ummeli kuphela sodidi Mesonychoteuthis zibhekisela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. Famous nzulu Robsonom G. K. wachaza squid enkulu, ubunzima apho isiqingatha ngetoni nganye. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, iinkcukacha zalo ziye zafunyanwa, kunye isidalwa omkhulu ndade ndalibala. Kodwa ke ngo-1970, lo ezidla rhamncwa anzongonzongo-ulwandle zifunyenwe, yaye kamva iminyaka 9 bafumana umntu omdala phezu kwemitha ubude. Ihlabathi yokuqala weva ubukho bezi molluscs ngo ngo1856. Emva kokuba Isazinzulu Stenstrup wagqiba ukuthelekisa ubungakanani umlomo afumaneka kwi kolwandle, kunye ubungakanani squid njengesiqhelo. Isiphumo bothuka - ukusuka data kwabonakala ukuba saselwandle esineqokobhe kufuneka ibe enkulu.

incazelo

inomzimba ezinkulu squid liqumrhu evuthelweyo. Ubude weengubo zakhe ukuya eziimitha ezintathu, kunye nemisipha - wonke ezilishumi. Weight abameli ingakumbi enkulu kuba 500 kilograms. Noko ke, kukho ubungqina kweembaza ezinkulu ukuya kwiimitha ezili-20 ubude nezinobunzima ngaphezu kokuba ton, kodwa idata ayikwazi kubhalwe.

I ingubo ubanzi, lo wesithathu yokugqibela ubude umsila wayo ikwagqibezela siqithi emxinwa, engqongwe, amaphiko zamafu terminal olomeleleyo. Bona i-phantse isiqingatha ubude lomzimba saselwandle esineqokobhe ngendlela eyandisiweyo imilo efana intliziyo. Ingubo elithambileyo, okusuka omalunga 5-6 cm. Nengenisa kunye Occipital intlala shinyi, elifutshane, kujikwa kancinane iimpuku abadala, ndayihluthwa tubercles.

iliso emangalisayo squid eyenziwe ngabantu. Photo, ngeposi ngezantsi, likuvumela ukuba siqwalasele kakuhle. Ezibandakanya photophores ezimbini Makhulu ngokwenene - ubukhulu yabo iisentimitha-27. Ezi iliso giant angenayo naziphi na izilwanyana ezaziwa kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu.

Le Mpondwana baxhotyiswa yamibini imikrozo iilekese zajikeleza amagqudu, imikrozo emibini amahaki, medial osendaweni kunye iilekese ezincinane lateral. Kwakhona, kukho squid iingalo enamandla elide, omkhulu aphantsi kunye inwebu ebanzi iphela ezibhityileyo. Phezu Mpondwana kwikhompyutha, yaye ngakumbi ngqo kwicandelo ephakathi, kukho izibini eziliqela kapyushonovidnyh amagwegwe eentsika inxalenye esezantsi kubo lixhotyiswe kunye iikomityi sokufunxa.

Eyona Eyona nto yanceda, esiye cwe squid - linamandla nzima chitinous ngomlomo.

ezihlala

udaka Giant kwenzeka ubukhulu becala kumanzi Antarctic apho abanokwenza Sisihloko abantu abaliqela. Kwimimandla esemantla, inani labo ngaphantsi, kwaye uzingela kakhulu yedwa. Kwakhona squid yafunyanwa kufuphi nonxweme yoMzantsi Afrika, New Zealand kunye Umzantsi Melika.

squid Antarctic ezinkulu, apho iifoto ayemka, ufumaneka unzulu 2-4 amawaka eemitha, kwaye phantse ngaphezulu. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba bafunde ukuziphatha yayo vivo.

Indawo ukufumana silwanyana ezingenzeka nga kumiselwa iqondo lobushushu eli. Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi intlanganiso nabo kunokwenzeka kwiqondo lobushushu amanzi a ka -0,9 ukuya 0 ° C. Ukususela ngoDisemba ukuya kuMatshi, ungabona kubo eliphezulu Antarctic ezinezinga.

zobukhulu

dimorphism ngokwesondo ichazwe ngandlel engaqhelekanga - squid ababhinqileyo cwe inkulu kakhulu into eyindoda. Iintsalela molluscs, amadoda namabhinqa awafunyanwayo nezisu of kweminenga isidoda. Ubude imizimba yabo iisentimitha 80-250, kwaye kg ubunzima-250. Enkulu kwimbali ye cwe squid wabanjwa New Zealand ngabalobi ngo-2007 Antarctic emanzini. Ubude yokwaleka baso 3 m, ubude iyonke - 10 m, kwaye ubunzima - 495 kg.

ibele buphindwe neempawu

Kakade ke, ubomi ezi squid ezinkulu, omncinane yaziwa, kodwa abaphandi bakwazi ukuchonga ukukwazi kwabo ezizodwa. Xa yabo iqulethe isixa esikhulu ammonium chloride kwi ukuncitshiswa ubunzima oluthile, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukubagcina squid cala. Ngenxa yoko uyakwazi besika ikholam emanzini, phantse ngaphandle ezihambayo. Ngenxa yoko, amarhamncwa bayakwazi yokufihla @UnathiKondile ixhoba layo. Wadada basondele kakhulu ukuba ixhoba, bayambamba Mpondwana size, namagwegwe.

Iphila becala iingxilimbela lanternfishes, intlanzi mesopelagic, Antarctic toothfish. Noko ke, indlela sawo ngaphandle mu. Abadala badle Qhotsa saselwandle esineqokobhe kunye nabantu ubuntwana kweentlobo zabo.

Ngokwesini abantu abadala baba, xa ubude wementile ubuncinane 1 imitha, yaye ubunzima - 25 kg. Zidala kwenzeka ekupheleni sebusika okanye kwentwasahlobo.

izitha

Nangona ubungakanani yayintle, i-squid enkulu, nto leyo eya kuthi ichazwe ngentla apha, uye iintshaba zawo. EliyiNtloko phakathi kwezi ke sperm. Ukuze ufumanise ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba iintsalela bekubona squid ezinkulu eziswini zazo. abantu Small bevuna zingatya i iialbatross kunye Patagonian Antarctic.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ingakumbi lembaza anzulu-amanzi utshaba ezimbi umntu. inyama Ithenda squid kusetyenziswa ukulungiselela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa, ukuba uthe wenza oku isidlo yemveli nyama- calamari, netoti eso basinqumla ngamakhonkco alo aya kuthelekiseka kunye ubukhulu kwamatayara tektala.

Zokuhlaselwa kwabantu

Malunga giant squid, okanye ziliqela zabo phezu kwabantu ibhalwe imisebenzi ezininzi zobugcisa. Eyona idumileyo yale imisebenzi Jules Verne.

Kodwa ke ubomi wachaza iimeko apho squid ezinkulu ngokuhlasela iinqanawa. Ngokomzekelo, omnye ukusetyenziswa ityala lenzekile kunye French oomatiloshe ngethuba lomjikelo ugqatso ehlabathini.

Ngokutsho komnye oomatiloshe babo Olivier de Kersuasona, udaka bababamba astern lwabo kwezikhephe kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa emva kokuba umkile UBrittany. Oomatrose baxelelwa ukuba ngxilimbela nqanawa olunzulu-ulwandle lisongelwe ubukhulu bakhe, liyajiya unyawo lomntu, Mpondwana waza waqalisa ekutsaleni wenqanawa bawuphungulela elwandle. Mpondwana yomibini ukuvimbile yevili yenqanawa. Kodwa ngethamsanqa, oomatiloshe akazange ukuba alwe naye. Kwaoko isikhephe wayeka, saselwandle esineqokobhe ozithukululeyo abambelele yakhe engena enzulwini yolwandle.

Njengoko kamva Waxelela oomatiloshe, squid umzimba ubude kunene 8 yeemitha, kwaye ukuba indalo ngakumbi ndlongondlongo, Kuyinto ekwaziyo lajika isikhephe ekonakaleni.

ezidla-eyaziwa Little

izazinzulu zirekhodwe kuphela malunga 250 amatyala yeentlanganiso zoluntu kunye squid enkulu, kodwa kuphela embalwa likwazile ukubona ubomi elikhulu. Ngu izazinzulu efanayo kungenzeka engazange lehla. Kufuneka ukufunda kuphela iintsalela itsalwa nezisu ezidla zaselwandle, kunye umzimba wahlamba elunxwemeni okanye ukubanjwa oomatiloshe.

Nangona nto ingako kodwa azinakuthelekiswa nawo nawuphi na ummeli wakhe kwiklasi cwe squid. Imilinganiselo, photo oko arhabaxa nabani. Deep-colossi, ngokutsho ezinye iingqikelelo, ukufikelela kubude ayi-20 kwaye inobunzima ukuya ngetoni nganye.

Mingaphi iminyaka siphila kwihlabathi ezi ngxilimbela, lona luhlala ingaziwa. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kancinane, ekubeni side iintlobo ezininzi sele bafunda squid ingaphezulu kancinci nje konyaka.