Science - yintoni na le nto? Ingcaciso, eli, iinjongo, indawo kunye nendima yezenzululwazi

Science - i enkulu umsebenzi ngobungcali yomntu, kwakunye naziphi na ezinye - .. Industrial, ezemfundo, njl Umahluko kuphela usendleleni yokuba injongo ephambili apho lakha - ekufumaneni ulwazi lwenzululwazi. Loo nto Okukodwa wayo.

History of isayensi

Yamandulo Greece ithathwa ukuthi kuyo yenzululwazi yaseYurophu. Abemi beli lizwe kuqala ukuqonda ukuba kwihlabathi jikelele umntu, Ayilungile abantu bacinga ntoni, ukufunda oko kuphela siyazazi. Greece waba ngowokuqala ukwenza sensory lenguqu ukuya abstract, kulwazi izibakala ehlabathini ukuba bafunde imithetho ayo ngeenxa zonke kuthi.

Science kumaXesha Aphakathi yayisekelwe yezenkolo, ke ngoko, kakhulu umzimba osezantsi lwalo lokukhawulelana nophuhliso. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, isiphumo elifunyenwe UGalileo, uCopernicus Bruno nokufumanisa ukuba waqalisa ukuba nempembelelo eya eluntwini. EYurophu ngenkulungwane ye-17 senzeka inkqubo nokubunjwa kwayo njengeziko loluntu: zezifundiswa ezisekiweyo kunye noluntu zenzululwazi, neejenali zipapashwe.

iintlobo ezintsha lombutho wayo zavela Ekuveleni kwiinkulungwane 19-20th:. amaziko ophando kunye neelebhu, amaziko ophando. Science yaqala ukuba malunga ngexesha elinye, nempembelelo enkulu kuphuhliso kwemveliso. Waba hlobo wakhe okhethekileyo - imveliso ngokomoya.

Namhlanje kwicandelo lenzululwazi zezi zilandelayo miba 3:

• ezenzululwazi ngenxa (ukufumana ulwazi lwezenzululwazi);
• njengoko inkqubo (imisebenzi zenzululwazi);
• njengeziko loluntu (a iseti yenzululwazi, kuluntu lwezenzululwazi).

Science njengeziko loluntu

Design kunye namaziko zeteknoloji (kwakunye amakhulu ezahlukeneyo R & D), amathala eencwadi, iipaki kunye neemyuziyam zibandakanywa kwinkqubo lwazi. Zedyunivesithi ligxile kakhulu amandla ayo. Ukongeza, kwizikolo zasesekondari, umthambo, lyceums, imisebenzi ezinye koogqirha kunye abaviwa inzululwazi namhlanje ngakumbi yaye, ke ngoko ke la maziko zonke athathe inxaxheba kumsebenzi zenzululwazi.

abasebenzi

Nawuphi na umsebenzi yabantu kuthetha ukuba umntu uthwala. Science - iziko loluntu, ukusebenza apho kunokwenzeka kuphela xa kukho abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo. uqeqesho lwabo esikolweni isidanga, kwakunye soiskatelstvo isidanga PhD, ezinikwa abantu kwimfundo ephakamileyo abapase iimviwo ezizodwa, ushicilele iziphumo zophando lwakhe esidlangalaleni wayendikhusela ithisisi yakhe. Doctor of Science - kukho abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo kakhulu ukuba balungiselelwa soiskatelstvo okanye zobugqirha abakhethwe phakathi abaviwa.

Science ngenxa

Qubeka ukuya rasssmotreniyu aspect elandelayo. Ngenxa yoko, inzululwazi - inkqubo ulwazi oluthembekileyo ngomntu, ubunjani kunye noluntu. Kufuneka kugxininiswe le nkcazelo ukuba kukho iimpawu ezimbini ezibalulekileyo. Okokuqala, isayensi - i iseti oqhagamshelwano phakathi ulwazi ezifunyenwe yi uluntu umhla kwi zonke ezaziwayo. Ihlangabezana iimfuneko consistency hetiseka. Okwesibini, eli yesayensi ukufumana ulwazi oluthembekileyo, ekufuneka zingahlukaniswa ngemihla, indlu, sizalwa ngomntu wonke.

Iimpawu ezenzululwazi ngenxa

1. Uhlobo ezongezelelekileyo ulwazi lwenzululwazi. umthamo yayo yonke kweminyaka eli-10 kabini.
2. Le umahluko yesayensi. Yiyantlukwano kunye kumahluko ekugqibeleni beqokelela ulwazi lwenzululwazi. Kukho ezintsha amasebe awo, ezifana: bengqondo isini, ngezengqondo lwentlalo kunye nabanye.
3. Science ngokunxulumene ukuze benze le misebenzi ilandelayo njengenkqubo ulwazi:

• esichazayo (nokwanda indibano facts, data);
• achazayo - ingcaciso iinkqubo kunye nesenzeko, neendlela zazo zangaphakathi;
• ezilawulayo okanye emisela imiqathango emayilandelwe - impumelelo yayo, umzekelo, nemigangatho esisinyanzelo ukuba intsebenzo esikolweni, kwi imveliso, njl.;
• eshwankathela - eyoqulunqo kwemithetho nemimiselo, leyo lubandakanye kunye nokumisa izibakala ezininzi ekwanti ngezimanga;
• axelwe kwangaphambili - olu lwazi ulaziyo kwangaphambili ezinye nesenzeko kunye neenkqubo ngaphambili ayaziwa.

Imisebenzi Scientific (ezenzululwazi inkqubo)

Ukuba womkhwetha umsebenzi ijonge ukufezekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo, umsebenzi inzululwazi iqondwa ukuba abaphandi kufuneka bafune ukufumana ulwazi olutsha lwenzululwazi. Oku kuquka ingcaciso kutheni iziphumo kwimeko ethile icace phandle phakathi kwelungileyo nembi, kwakunye kwingqikelelo amatyala apho kuya kubakho indlela enye okanye omnye. Ukongeza, ukuba utitshala athathe ingqalelo entsonkothileyo kwaye ngexesha elinye yonke imiba yomsebenzi, umphandi ngesiqhelo unomdla kufundisiso olunzulu isandla elinye kuphela. Umzekelo, ngokwemiqathango ubucukubhede yomntu - liqumrhu enobunzima ethile iye umzuzu ezithile inertia, njl Kuba ekhemisi le reactor inzima apho ukuqhubeka ngexesha elinye izigidi reactions ezahlukeneyo chemical ... Iingcali zengqondo iinkqubo abanomdla of inkumbulo, imbono, njalo njalo. D. Oko kukuthi, izifundo zenzululwazi ngamnye iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye neziganeko kwi imbono uzimisele. Ngoko ke, le ndlela, iziphumo kufuneka zitolikwe kuphela isihlobo inyaniso. inyaniso Absolute kwinzululwazi ingenakufikeleleka, yinto injongo ezikhona.

Ngendima yesayensi nethekhinoloji eluntwini mihla

Kule mihla inzululwazi neteknoloji ingakumbi abemi umhlaba ukuqonda ngokucacileyo ukubaluleka kunye nendawo zenzululwazi ebomini bethu. Namhlanje, ingqalelo ngakumbi nangakumbi ihlawulwe ukuphunyezwa zophando ngokuhlala kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Abantu badla ukufunda ulwazi olutsha malunga ihlabathi, ukudala iiteknoloji ezintsha ukuphucula inkqubo yemveliso kwezinto eziphathekayo.

indlela Descartes '

Science namhlanje yengundoqo uhlobo lolwazi kwihlabathi ngumntu. Ngundoqo - esimbaxa inkqubo yokuyila kwisifundo eziluncedo kunye nomsebenzi yengqondo sisazinzulu. Descartes yaqulunqa imithetho jikelele kule nkqubo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Asikwazi ukwamkela nantoni na ntiyiso logama nje oko uye walungiselela ecacileyo neya-;
• ukwabelana imibuzo nzima kwinani iinxalenye ezifunekayo ukusombulula kubo;
• Kufuneka uqale isifundo kunye kakhulu lula kwaye kulula ukuba babe nolwazi ngezinto, yaye ngokuthe ngcembe bafudukele kwisakhiwo ngakumbi;
• ngumsebenzi sisazinzulu - ukuhlawula zonke ingqalelo ukuba zihlale phezu iinkcukacha: kufuneka uqiniseke ngokupheleleyo ukuba akazange miss nto.

inkalo Ukuphatha zesayensi

Okubuhlungu zesayensi mihla yimibuzo ezisixhalabisayo ukuzalana nzulu kunye noluntu, kwakunye noxanduva lwabantu beli uphando. Sithetha ngayo kwixesha elizayo iza kusebenza inkqubela eyenziwe zizazinzulu, kubuya umva xa ulwazi olufunyenwe nxamnye nendoda.

Discoveries sobunjineli yemfuza, amayeza, biology zizinikile ithuba ukusebenza ngenjongo kwi ufuzo eziphilayo kangangokuba namhlanje oko kuyenzeka ukuba wenze amanye iipropati kwangaphambili izinto. Lixesha lokuba ukushiya siseko nenkululeko yophando lwenzululwazi, bakhululeke ngaphambili. Asinako ukuvumela nokudalwa nezixhobo zokubulala abantu abaninzi. Ingcaciso wenzululwazi namhlanje, ngaloo ndlela, kufuneka ibandakanye icala ngokweenqobo, njengoko akakwazi ukuhlala cala kule nkalo.