Plants of eSiberia kunye nezilwanyana ezidweliswe kwi-Book Red

ESiberia udla ngokubizwa ngokuba umphefumlo Russian, ngokuba kuba mkhulu yaye nesisa. Apha kucingelwa limelwe ukwahluka ehlabathini enezityalo, izilwanyana kunye neetyuwa zomzimba, ixesha elide yaye abantu bonwabile ukusebenzisa, ngaphandle ukucinga ngendlela bakhonza esabo isisu ezigqithileyo enjalo kuchaphazela uhlobo unina. Kwezenkolo ahlawule rhoqo ingqalelo yokuduka eziphila kulo mhlaba.

imeko ezimandundu eziphilayo ehlabathini jikelele, ukuveliswa ongalawulekiyo, imigodi abangaphucukanga, amahlathi kunye nophuhliso imimandla emitsha kwakhokelela ekubeni yonke imihla kwi planethi liyalahleka uhlobo olunye. Ngelishwa, ummandla eSiberia, leyo ebesoloko idume ubutyebi bayo pholisa, kungekho ngaphandle. kwankqu ubukho icandelo Red Incwadi sungula ku izilwanyana ezinqabileyo, ibonisa ukuba iintlobo ezininzi ziphelile, kwaye abanye zisemngciphekweni yokutshabalala. Kweli nqaku, makhe sihlolisise oko izityalo kunye nezilwanyana zonke Red Book of eSiberia adinga ukhuseleko.

izityalo

babeziindleko ezinkulu eSiberia wandise kwimimandla zezulu ezahlukeneyo. Ihlabathi sityalo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka ulele kwaye moss equka marshland ukuya enkulu emahlathini ngcu le hlathi. Kodwa nangona loo iyantlukwano, ezinye ntlobo shwaka kwaye sele kuluhlu ezisengozini. Umzekelo, ginseng okanye hydrangea petiolate, kude kube ngoku, kwakuyinto.

Ngu Anemone sylvestris Botany iphathwa ngaphambili kunye sinexhala, kuba ummeli yentsapho esezansi buttercup kanye kwiminyaka elishumi, yaye ngoku kuba nzima ukufumana. Asinguye wonke umntu uya kuba nakho ukubona isixa nemfusa iintyatyambo ingcuka Laka. Le yagodkovyh omele ngoku inqabile kakhulu amahlathi West kunye Central eSiberia.

Kutsha nje, kwakholeka emehlweni Galanthus nivalis kunye Slipper macranthon. Ngoku izityalo ngenxa iintyatyambo zabo ezintle zisemngciphekweni yokutshabalala.

fish

Ukuzingela ngaphandle kwemvume ezafika izilwanyana ezininzi eSiberia, ezidweliswe kwi-Book oluBomvu. On amaphepha ayo kukho elinethoba iintlobo ezanyisayo, iintlobo asixhenxe anesine iintaka, ndingasathethi iintlanzi. sturgeon eSiberia kunye Intlanzi, ezibe imilambo emininzi eSiberia, zibe yinto ezisengozini, kwaye peled, zeCARP kunye zeCARP ngoku kuba yimpumelelo ingakumbi weentlanzi.

iintaka

Kunzima ukucinga ukuba babeziindleko olungenasiphelo kumathafa zaseSiberia ngaphandle ubukumkani enkulu zeentaka abahlala kuyo. Ornithologists baye malunga namakhulu amathathu iintlobo zeentaka abakhetha esidulini umda zabo zesisa.

ESiberia sele eMecca kwabo izazinzulu Umhlambi iintlobo apha ezinqabileyo lo mhlaba, kodwa kokushiya iingcali zididekile. uhlobo ezibonakala nangokubandezela kummandla - hayi eyona ndawo ifanelekileyo onokufundela yokwakha. Noko ke, iintaka bahamba amawaka eekhilomitha ukuba babuyele kumakhaya abo. Kukho imibono ezininzi ukuba kutheni oku kuyenzeka. On omnye kubo ukuziphatha yeentaka kungenxa imemori yemfuza ixesha xa eSiberia wayenobubele yaye vechnotsvetuschim indawo. Iintaka zakha iindlwane zazo ngamanye amaxesha kwiindawo ezininzi isimanga ebonakala olungafanelekanga. Umzekelo, imbawula-onguSibahle ukuze uqhelane ubomi Usana of oonomatse emhlabeni, Remez yakha indlwane yayo emancamini ezininzi side amasebe kwiindawo ingafikeleleki phezu echibini. Swallows lonxweme kungenziwa ngokuba abakhi bokwenyaniso: ukuba bazixhobise bona ngokwabo bemiyo phezu emaweni lomlambo, nihlinza imingxuma zabo laliziimitha ubude.

Kodwa udebeza ongakhathaliyo ukwakha iindlwane ze zibeke amaqanda ngqo emhlabeni. Musa ukunqaba ngokuphuma ngumba willow: njengekhaya abantwana babo bakhetha kwizikhondo umthi obolileyo, leyo kuthembeke ngemigca exweseneyo. Ngelishwa, iintaka ezininzi kunye nezilwanyana eSiberia zisemngciphekweni wokutshabalala, ingakumbi amarhamncwa, inane apho basoloko bembalwa ngenani. Omnye planethi inkulu izikhova great gray lubalwa semngciphekweni. Ezinye iintaka ezidla ezifana ukhetshe njengeyona, merlin okanye Saker, kufuneka ukhuselo.

Animals eSiberia

Ethetha kulo ihlabathi zezilwanyana eSiberia, kunzima ukuba ukukhankanya iintlobo zezilwanyana ezinoboya-langa, leyo bazizityebi kule ngingqi nto: impungutye, impungutye Arctic, raccoon, weasel, beaver, Sable, ngoboya, weasel, nutria, muskrat, otter kunye nabanye.

Ezi zilwanyana zisoloko ikratshi amagunya amabala kuzingela. Namafa, reserves, amabala ezingela zizalele nakuzo basefama izilwanyana ezinoboya-zithwele bazama ukulondoloza imali ethe wendalo.

Ukuzingela ngaphandle kwemvume sele isibetho yokwenene, kwaye ngoku ifuna ukukhuselwa izilwanyana ezininzi uboya-ethwele eSiberia, ezidweliswe kwi-Book oluBomvu. Ezi eziphilileyo, umzekelo, kuquka beaver Tuvan kunye Barguzin Sable. Ngoku ezi zilwanyana ukubuyisela abantu zabo koovimba. Bukela amabala ozingela kunye nabantu nomzingeli, umzekelo, ukwanda kakhulu kwi ingcuka nako kuba isoyikiso izilwanyana ezincinane ezikhuselweyo.

Yaye yintoni izilwanyana kuhlala eSiberia? Emva kwale magazini kamsinya nje abantu bakhumbula ibhere elimdaka, ingcuka, ingqawa, wolverine, ixhama ebomvu, amaxhama, iielk, yasendle, iigusha ikhephu, ixhama, ixhama, nelinqa must, i izimvu itywina, beaver, nembila kunye nomatse. Musa ukulibala ngale encinane, kodwa akukho izilwanyana ngaphantsi umdla. Kulungile sonke siyazi abamenzelayo, gophers kunye neempuku, voles, leyo amaninzi zifumaneka kufutshane kumakhaya abantu. Ayifane ibonwe abantu Alpine Siberian vole, nomatse elide-ezinomsila, lemming.

Luhlobo olunjani izilwanyana zaziwa Red Book of eSiberia? On amaphepha ayo ungabona shrew encinane yaye kunqabile lokhwalimanzi Daurian. Inani le ezincancisayo liphantsi kakhulu.

Apho ukugcina abameli isengozini?

Protection enezityalo nezilwanyana siye sapapashwa kwaye ihlala yenye yemiceli mngeni emikhulu abuzwa uluntu, nto leyo kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, yaye mindlessly nengeyonzuzo kokusingqongileyo. Wabagagamela imimandla emitsha kunye nezibonelelo zendalo, abantu bathabath izilwanyana oziindawo zokuhlala eziqhelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela ebhenca ezinye ngeengozi yokutshabalala.

indima enkulu ekulondolozeni indalo eSiberia ukudlala koovimba kunye neepaki zesizwe. Republic of Buryatia iye ezingcwele abathathu kunye neepaki ezimbini zesizwe. Kunzima ukuthetha malunga nohlobo lommandla eSiberia, ngaphandle kokuchaza malunga elwandle izimvu, kunye amanzi ayo ecacileyo, ibekwe eMpuma eSiberia. zezilwanyana Rare awayengabemi Ugu kunye neendawo eziyingqongileyo, loo nto yabangela ukuba abasemagunyeni ukuba aququzelele i-Russian uBukhosi Barguzin Nature Reserve ngo-1916. ummandla wayo kuveza iintlobo mathathu anesithoba of ezanyisayo, ezirhubuluzayo ezine, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, kunye neentlobo ezingamakhulu amabini anamashumi amathandathu zeentaka. I-Reserve yinxalenye ye Biosphere yepholigoni oluntsonkothileyo Lake izimvu kunye inxalenye World Heritage Natural. Elunxwemeni emazantsi eli chibi kubekwe enye bucala, wadala ngowe-1969 yaye igama zamanzi. Kwakhona likhaya izilwanyana eSiberia. Apho ungabona iintlobo 49 ezanyisayo, ezirhubuluzayo abathathu, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini ezimbini neentlobo 272 zeentaka.

reserve Dzherginsky

Ngo-1992 waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe Dzherginsky Reserve, ibekwe ngasentla weRiphabliki Buryatia. Ngenxa yemigudu abasebenzi bayo kunye izazinzulu umsebenzi omninzi, ngenxa leyo eyaye iintlobo amane-amathathu ezanyisayo, ikhulu elinamanci asibhozo anesine iintlobo zeentaka, ezirhubuluzayo ezine, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini ezintathu. On yolondolozo umsebenzi wenziwe iipaki zesizwe Transbaikal Tunkinsky, Pribaikalskiy, Shor, Alkhanay.

Izilwanyana of Western eSiberia

Zeziphi izilwanyana nezinye eNtshona eSiberia zisengozini yokungabikho? Ngoku sifunda.

Imozulu ezibandayo ezi ndawo zidluliselwe lula eziyingozi kunye uboya ebiza - iimpungutye. Kukho imingxuma amahlanu anesixhenxe amawaka kwi babeziindleko ezinkulu kumathafa, apho bahlala amarhamncwa ezinoboya. Fox i izilwanyana umdlalo, kubazingeli izizathu ukuze babenamathele kuye, imfuyo yakhe. Izintsu yesilwanyana zisetyenziswa hayi kuphela kurhwebo lwasekhaya, kodwa ukwenza asixhenxe anesihlanu ekhulwini itotali ezithunyelwa ezinoboya.

Ezinye izilwanyana ezihlala nje kumzantsi

Ukuya ngasezantsi kukho izilwanyana ezifana eSiberia makati, weasels nkqu wolverine ezithanda badla kwaye ubone zokuhlala zokuhlala ukutya iinkukhu. Ngaphambilana Western eSiberia, neenkomo ezininzi zasendle deer hamba ngoku inani labo yehliswe kakhulu kwaye abantu amabini anesihlanu kuphela amawaka. Sable, ngubani nalo irhamncwa lokuloba ohlala amahlathi coniferous kunye exutyiweyo. imveliso yawo licandelo kwezoqoqosho enkulu kummandla Khanty-Mansi Ukuzilawula weSithili kunye Tomsk. Ngoko ke, Sable lokuloba mthethweni kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezinoboya kubaluleke wohlwaywe ngumthetho.

isiphelo

Apha naba izityalo eyaziwa kunye nezilwanyana eSiberia. Ukuqhama beli lizwe ukugcina, yaye iimfuno yokhuseleko kuphela ezisengozini iintlobo. Onzima kunye neemeko amahlwempu yokusingqongileyo - oku kuyingozi enkulu, kodwa ukungakhathali nangakumbi yabantu cwaka khangela ngendlela amabhere kundibulala ngenxa fun wafumanana iitoni Intlanzi ukuba ujungujungu ngqo, ngaphandle sivumele indalo lulama.