Pereyaslav rada

Xa kwimbali uhlanga zonke kukho uhlobo kwexesha ubomi babo, nto leyo ebonisa indlela yayo elizayo ubukho kangangeminyaka emininzi ezayo.

Kuba Ukraine, Alithandabuzeki elokuba, oku kwabutshintsha Pereyaslav Symbol, nto leyo eye yaba sisiganeko esikhulu, ibasindisile abantu Ukrainian kwingcinezelo ngokomoya, ezoqoqosho kwakunye nezesizwe.

Kwiinkulungwane 16-17 kumazwe Ukrainian ezibe ilifa Commonwealth. Zilawula sovereignly le iindwalutho Polish, ngubani ngenkohlakalo kakubi labemi lomthonyama, ebiza amakhoboka.

ubukhoboka kwezoqoqosho ngokusondeleyo edibene yokomoya: ngaloo minyaka Orthodox sele yokuzimela ukususela izicwangciso Polish yobuKatolika yinxalenye liphela Ukraine.

Kuba engafuni ukuba ukunyamezela le meko, Hetman Khmelnytsky ngo-1654 Pereyaslav rada owaba, nto leyo ke isigaba sokugqibela omzabalazo wenkululeko of Ukraine.

Ngoxa tsarist eRashiya kwi Don kunye Yaik sele likhona mmandla abangamaziyo serfdom yaye unandipha ukuzimela ethile. Kule mimandla, Cossacks urhulumente Cossack selilo kunye nabalimi Ukrainian, ngokubanika ilungelo labantu simahla.

kungekudala kakhulu, phezu intsimi osecaleni wadalwa nabo Sloboda Ukraine - ummandla abafakwa, apho Cossack registry senzo.

Kanye ngaphambi kwendibano idibene Hetman Buturinym - intloko nonozakuzaku Russian, uze kunye rada namadindala, leyo ubabalweyo ngamxhelo sivumelwano.

Kwaye phakathi yemini ukuba intlanganiso i evulekileyo, nto leyo kwimbali yaziwa ngokuba Pereyaslav rada. Kwaba khona ngabemi zedolophu, abalimi ukusuka kwiindawo ezingqonge, ezishelfini, emi phezu komhlaba esele ikhona kwi the Commonwealth.

Hetman wanikela intetho apho kwakhona sikhunjuzwa imibingelelo ezininzi ezenziwa ngabantu bayo ngexesha lemfazwe inkululeko. Wagxininisa ukuba Ukraine ndlela kuphela ukubethelela lenzuzo yazo siya kuvuzwa Russia.

Khmelnitsky isindululo waye wadibana ngenkoliseko, namagosa, Cossacks kunye kwabemi ababemfungele kwi-Russian Tsar. Pereyaslav Symbol ngo-1654, phantse zihlangene Ukrainian kunye nabantu Russian, obaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso lwexesha elizayo mazwe omabini, ezibonisa kunye uhlaselo ukudla.

Yintoni silufumana kwicala ngalinye le manyano?

Pereyaslav siVumelwano sinika Ukrainian nabalimi inkululeko kunye ukuhlangulwa ingcinezelo yesizwe nezonqulo Commonwealth, abadala Ukrainian kunye ngabafo waphupha yokusebenzisa itrone Russian ukomeleza amalungelo ayo, ukuba udidi alawula Ukraine. Kwaye yiloo nto bonke unokufumana kuphela emva kokuba ukwamkelwa ukuzimela kwezopolitiko ngaphakathi eRashiya.

Urhulumente tsarist waqonda unyulo hetman Ukrainian, kodwa bamlandela ingxelo yakhe. Onke amazwe, ngaphandle Turkey kunye Commonwealth zazinokuba nazo iintlobano bezozakuzo kunye Ukraine.

Pereyaslav Symbol wayigcina yonke izixhobo kwezolawulo emkhosini, kwasekwa ebudeni bemfazwe anti-Polish, kunye nonyulo yakhe. Inkqubo yenkundla bekufanele ukusebenza izithethe zasekuhlaleni kunye nezithethe.

Kulo mzekelo, urhulumente tsarist yaba ukulawula nokuqokelelwa kweerhafu, inxalenye leyo yongena ebuncwaneni bakhe.

Yenza esi sigqibo negalelo eninzi unqulo olunye nje kuphela, kodwa ke ubukho amakhonkco kwezopolitiko, kwezenkcubeko nakwezoqoqosho, ubudala ubudala kufuphi nezizwana neelwimi.

Kodwa ke isivumelwano Pereyaslavskoe kuphela ngokubanzi kakhulu, ichaza ulwalamano phakathi eRashiya naseUkraine. Uninzi bemiqathango yawo zazithetha ngamaqela ngendlela yazo ekhethekileyo, oko akufani, ukudala ingxabano elizayo lwangaphakathi ophikisana lobuzwilakhe Russian tsarist.

Ukwamkelwa kwale mvumelwano kwakhokelela bemfazwe ingxabano phakathi Russia, Poland, yaye yathatha iminyaka emithathu.