Edume "oligorha ukuzalisa" (isakhiwo, uluvo oluphambili)

Babizwa ngokuba "oligorha ukuzalisa" (inxalenye leyo sasisincinane kakhulu) - imanyano of abaqambi Russian ngubani kwavela 50 ubudala kunye 60s Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19. Kwakhona ngokuba "isikolo New Russian umculo" okanye Balakirev isangqa. Igama elifanayo kakhulu wabanjwa phambili umhlalutyi ngesandla ukukhanya VV Stasov yaye ngoko nangoko wabanjwa on, ukuba igama ofanayo manyano. Phesheya, kwathiwa ngokuba "ezintlanu".

Amalungu "oligorha kwabambalwa"

Yayingubani ilungu "oligorha kwabambalwa"? MA Balakirev, Borodin AP, Mussorgsky MP, inc'a TS.A. kunye Rimsky-Korsakov NA Ezi Abaqambi abanetalente wafuna ukufumana iifom ezintsha, apho wayeza kukwazi ukuthatha umfanekiso Nakule mihla, Russian kwaye lomthonyama, kwakunye neendlela zokwenza umculo wakho aqhelekileyo ngakumbi kwaye liyenze kuluntu jikelele. Le limenza yale ndlela yaba opera Borodin kaThixo "Prince Igor" yi opera Rimsky-Korsakov othi: "Ntombi of Pskov", Mussorgsky kaThixo "Khovanshchina" yaye "Boris Godunov." Oko iintsomi, epics, imbali yesizwe kunye nobomi yesizwe kuba imithombo iphefumlelwe kuba imisebenzi Symphonic kwaye uyakhala yi abaqambi.

Imbali yoluntu

Ngoko ke, i "oligorha nanjengesinde", ukwakhiwa kwayo kunye nembali yendalo. Ngowe-1855, Kazan ikomkhulu ozayo oselula Miliy Alekseevich Balakirev, wenza kunye nempumelelo enkulu njengoko nomdlali, omthandayo luluntu, wadibana ne noVladimir Vasilievich Stasov (umhlalutyi edumileyo, mbali, mbali ubugcisa zakudala, waye eziqhagamshelene ubuhlobo zonke iimvumi ezinkulu Russian kunye neemvumi kwaba umncedisi, umcebisi kanye nokumela imisebenzi yabo). Emva konyaka Balakirev idibene Cesar inc'a. Wafunda kwi Military Engineering Academy, kodwa zingqondweni wayethandana umculo, yaye ngoba ayebambeke ngamandla ujongo ngqindilili kwaye inika umhlobo omtsha wabhala opera "mbanjwa eCaucasus", "Nyana The Mandarin kaThixo" kwaye Scherzo for Piano.

Kungekudala emva koko, i "oligorha nanjengesinde" (composition: Balakirev, stas, inc'a) zincediswa yi kongezwe Ukuthozama Petrovich Mussorgsky, igosa le-Guards Preobrazhensky webutho, waqonda ukuba lobizo lwakhe - umculo. Yena ibhatyi, ukwenza umculo, noncwadi, ifilosofi, imbali, yaye uyakonwabela iimbono abahlobo abatsha. Ekuqaleni-imi- 60 "oligorha nanjengesinde" (composition ngelo xesha: Balakirev, inc'a, Stasov, Mussorgsky), nto leyo enovelwano kunye Dargomyzhsky, ahlanganiswe ukufika Aleksandra Porfirevicha Borodina kunye UNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Borodin waba self-efundisa umculo, kodwa isebenziseka self-wafundisa kwaye ukhuthele kakhulu. Ngoxa umfundi kwi-Academy Medical-Steel, ayidlalileyo ezahlukeneyo ensembles manqindi engahlawulwayo cello, wabhala imisebenzi egumbini eziliqela. erudition kunye okukhulu italente ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kakuhle kwaye emthanda Balakirev. Well kunye Rimsky-Korsakov wayesele esekwe umculo mzobo, yingqondi ogama imisebenzi abaphulaphuli wayemthanda.

Eyona ingcamango "emiHlanu"

ubomi, ulangazelelo kunye nomdla wabantu Russian baba mxholo uphambili kumsebenzi kwamalungu Balakirev isangqa leyo. "Onamandla bembalwa" abaqambi (ukwakhiwa kwawo kungaphelelanga ezintlanu, ngenxa yokuba ababhali abaninzi adumileyo xesha babeqhelene okanye wahlobana "kuchkistov") kubhaliwe, wafunda iisampulu lobuciko kunye iintsomi, iingoma abantu uyiluke kunye mfundiso "esinzulu" umculo Symphonic kunye opera . Imizekelo wobugcisa enjalo - "Ntombazana", "Khovanschina", "umtshakazi Imperial", "Boris Godunov". Kwakukho into ebalulekileyo uncuthu oriental zabanye abantu - Ukraine, Georgians, nangezinto, baseSpeyin, Czechs nabanye. Oku "Islam," "Tamara", "iNkosana Igor", "The Golden Cockerel", "Scheherazade."