Parainfluenza kubantwana: oonobangela, iimpawu kunye nonyango. Parainfluenza ntsholongwane umntwana: features unyango

Parainfluenza - unesifo esosulelayo. Sibangelwa yintsholongwane igama elifanayo. Parainfluenza amaninzi kuchaphazela abantwana abancinane (umlinganiselo emibini ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu okanye emithandathu). Esi sifo sizibonakalisa kuloo ukunxila syndrome ngokukhawuleza ngaphantsi xa influenza, loo pathogen ayikho esiguquguqukayo. Esi sifo sisasazwa kwamathana kuphela (mechanism transmission zetoti). Ukuba umoya uqulathe ngamathe yabantu nomonde, ukususela intsholongwane emoyeni bephefumla luhlala phezu inwebu yangaphakathi, isikakhulu iphecana eliphezulu zemiphunga. Xa indawo neentlenge zentsholongwane kubonakala ukudumba - yokusabela olukhuselayo okwenzeka emzimbeni ngenxa yesidingo neziphumo eziyingozi. Kuyabonakala nokudumba, yencindi oluhlala. Ekubeni le ntsholongwane unako ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo iiseli epithelial, ngawo lo iphecana ephezulu wokuphefumla kungena egazini kwaye ibangela ukunxila.

wenza njani parainfluenza ebantwaneni? Iimpawu kunye nonyango kwesi sifo ziza kuchazwa kwinqaku.

Iimpawu igciwane

Parainfluenza - i paramikovirus equka RNA njengoko impahla yemfuza. Yinto entle kakhulu, ubukhulu ukuya neenanometer 300. Ezi iintsholongwane agglutinate (ukunamathelana) erythrocytes oluntu kunye neemfene, iihagu Guinea, kunye neenkuku. Iarhente causative iyahlozinga kakhulu kokusingqongileyo. Indlu siyagcinwa emoyeni ngakumbi akukho ngaphezu kweeyure ezine. Ukuba bume ubushushu kwentsholongwane ku-50 degrees Celsius, oko inactivated ngokupheleleyo (ulahlekelwa iimpawu zayo yayintsholongwane eyosulela) kwemizuzu engama-30.

amaxesha yokugula

Isigaba sokuqala - okuthatha. Iqala ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ukuqaliswa kwale ntsholongwane emzimbeni womntwana kwaye ihlala ngeveki. Ngemihla yokugqibela yale xesha isigulane kuyingozi kwabanye ngenxa yokuba ngumthombo parainfluenza. Ithuba elandelayo - prodrome. Uthatha iintsuku ezimbini ukuya ngeveki, kwaye luphawulwa imbonakalo iimpawu catarrhal lokuqala (ukudumba yinqontsonqa ezenzeka kwindawo le neentlenge virus).

lwezifo

isifo ivame kakhulu kubantu amajoni. Kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni parainfluenza. Isabelo zezizifo zezi ukususela-10 ukuya kuma-30% kuzo izifo zemiphunga bonke abantwana. Ukwanda kakhulu izehlo waphawula ebusika phakathi kids kwiminyaka yokuqala embalwa yobomi. Uqhambuko esi sifo bahlala ngokwamaqela (umz, abancinane eziguqulweyo). Phantse wonke umntwana amaxesha parainfluenza eziliqela ebomini bakhe.

Parainfluenza: iimpawu ebantwaneni

Iimpawu zesi sifo musani kwahluka kangako ukusuka iimpawu yomkhuhlane okanye SARS. Ezi ziquka ubuthathaka, eziva "bemilenze" emzimbeni wonke, intloko ebuhlungu, ifiva kunye imnyama. Ezi mpawu - yokusabela ekuqalisweni ntsholongwane.

Uninzi iimpawu ezithile isekelwe kwinto yokuba intsholongwane parainfluenza ebantwaneni Ichaphazela ikakhulu iphecana eliphezulu zemiphunga. Ilizwi liba uyarhwexa, umntwana rhoqo ukukhohlela, phlegm kodwa kwangaxeshanye akemi, iimpumlo ezivuzayo ukubhobhoza ubovu yangaphakathi. Itakane elibomvu tonsils ezandisiweyo, apho iprojekthi amagophe izibambo palatal, pharynx ukudumba, ebomvu, kakhulu. lobuxoki ukukrala syndrome kaninzi kwenzeka. Kwingqula bazitshisekisayo, fuku, nto leyo licuthe kwayo ngokuma abahlelelekileyo. Kubonisa ukukrala bobuxoki njengoko dyspnea inspiratory (inspiratory) kunye 'barking "ukhohlokhohlo njengoko unkonkonko.

Umkhuhlane kunye parainfluenza kwabantwana kunzima ukwahlula ngokwakho. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, nakweyiphi imeko azinakho ukutyeshelwa iingcebiso kagqirha.

iingxaki kunokwenzeka

amajoni omzimba yabantwana angabi nako ukumelana nesi sifo wedwa okanye iiseli omzimba awukwazi Ayinakugcina antibodies ngokwaneleyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba akukho ukuxhasa umzimba, isifo baya kuqhubela phambili, maxongo imeko jikelele umntwana.

Isifo kubonakala kanye ubushushu ukuya kwinqanaba degrees amane emva kweentsuku ezintathu kuphela emva kokosuleleka.

Ukuba washiya parainfluenza alunyangwanga, umntwana bangafumana ezahlukahlukeneyo iingxaki. Ezi ziquka sinusitis (ukudumba sinuses), tonsils (ukudumba kwiinwebu emqaleni), inyumoniya (umphunga ukudumba) njalo njalo. Common zonke iingxaki ngasentla kukuba ngokupheleleyo usulelo amagciwane. Uninzi kwamagciwane zabo ezifumaneka iintyatyambo eqhelekileyo umzimba womntu kwaye ziyasebenza kunye nokuhla ekusebenzeni omzimba. Ezi iingxaki mandundu imeko ngokupheleleyo umntwana, ibe nefuthe elibi kakhulu kuphuhliso yayo ngakumbi. iingxaki Ngokubanzi, ukubonakala zinokukhuliswa fever (kuqaliswe okanye ubushushu nokwanda), iimpawu ukunxila okubonakala ngakumbi. Inyumoniya kudla kunye ubuthathaka onamandla kunene - umntwana akakwazi nokuba nokuphuma ebhedini. Ukhohlela evela owomileyo 'barking "uguqulwe limanzi, umi ubovu expectoration uxakaxa, livela nesiyezi, kwandisa ukubila, kuthibaza, umyinge ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye neentlungu esifubeni inspiratory kunye expiratory ibonakala.

Isifo

Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezintathu parainfluenza. umahluko kwazo kuthatha ngayo esi sifo. Kukho iintlobo inobulali, aphakathi kunye kakhulu. Ngexesha kobuntu lobushushu qatha okanye hayi kwi (normal) onke, okanye igcinelwe sifo ukusuka izidanga 37,1 ukuya 38,0 Celsius (ephantsi-grade). Xa iintlobo eziphakathi kolundi lobushushu avareji ukusukela degrees 38.1 ukuya 39.0 (pireticheskaya). Ifomu kunawo na parainfluenza inqabile. Ubushushu ngaphezu kweqondo 39.1 (giperpireticheskaya) iimpawu ukunxila kugqame kakhulu.

ekuxilongweni

ebonisa ngqo ukulungiselela iimviwo abonakalisa iimpawu - ezimangalisayo catarrhal, lobuxoki ukukrala syndrome. Kuyimfuneko ukwenza esifubeni X-reyi kwaye uvavanyo yegazi ibhaqa antibodies zentsholongwane.

Iimpawu parainfluenza ebantwaneni badla efanayo iimpawu zezinye izifo wentsholongwane egazini ezifana influenza, adenovirus kunye nosulelo zemigudu sinitsitalnye. Ngoko ke, kukho uxilongo eqinisekile alikwazi kubekwa kuphela ngokusekelwe iimpawu njengenjongo luluvo, iziphumo zeemvavanyo elebhu ziyafuneka.

iintlobo parainfluenza

Kukho iindidi ezintlanu zentsholongwane parainfluenza. Yesine neyesihlanu azikho ayingozi ebantwini, kodwa ezintathu zokuqala yayintsholongwane eyosulela kunye ezibangela izifo. uhlobo Parainfluenza 1 kubantwana luphawulwa lobuxoki syndrome ukukrala nje ingxaki. Eyesibini kakhulu ezahlukene ukusuka ekuqaleni. Kodwa wesithathu uthathwa lwegciwane enkulu. main kama Its - inyumoniya, isifo ngokwaso kuthatha kakhulu nzulu.

unyango parainfluenza

Ngokubanzi, ixesha ukuhlola isifo iphathwa ngempumelelo. unyango parainfluenza yabantwana kuqhutywa ekhaya, kodwa ke kuphela ukuba ngaba akukho ukukrala syndrome bobuxoki iingxaki enkulu yebhaktiriya (sinusitis, tonsils, pneumonia). Kuyinto amachiza siyefana (amayeza ukukhohlela, ingqele, fever). Enye yezona ndlela isebenzayo kuthathwa ukuba ukusungulwa kulungiselelwa okhethekileyo - influenza immunoglobulin. Le ekuqulunqeni liqulathe i omzimba uhlobo yintsholongwane ethile.

Sekunjalo, isetyenziswa kuphela xa iintlobo kakhulu kwesi sifo. Kwiintlobo olulamileyo ngcathu kucingwa kwanele ukuba aphathe kuphela iimpawu.
alale Kubalulekile ingqalelo. Ngaphezu koko, ufuna ukutya eliphezulu-osidingayo ngaphandle izithintelo nenala iziselo ezishushu.

Musa ukulibala ukuba unyango kufuneka kwenzeke phantsi kweliso likagqirha!

amayeza abantu

Imifuno ngobukhulu, imithi inokufumaneka kwaye elwa (camomile, eSt Johns Wort, lobulumko, marigold, zomgamtriya) kunye antiviral (khumba nerharnate, raspberry, amatswele, ubobo, igalikhi, Echinacea). Nciphisa ubushushu kwekalika elungileyo, unina-and-kaVan, raspberry kunye licorice, fennel, oregano kunye quince babe bronchodilator kunye nesenzo expectorant.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba unyango kunye iindlela zemveli kuvunyelwa kuphela abantwana abadala abangenazo comorbidities. Abasafunda ukuhamba nabantwana buthathaka sifo kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza, kodwa inkqubo generalizing kombane. Ngoko ke, kule meko amayeza kuphela kubonisiwe, kungakuhle ukuya esibhedlele malunga nesigulane eso.

sezulu parainfluenza

Amaninzi, i-ALS sifo kwabantwana yi-HIV. Swe zinqabile kakhulu. Ngokomthetho oku kwenzeka xa ukuphuhlisa isifo kakhulu. Ezi ziquka inyumoniya kunye ubovu laryngotracheobronchitis.

amanyathelo othintelo

Uthintelo parainfluenza eyahlukileyo akukho ukusuka kuthintelo nezinye izifo ezosulelayo. Umntwana egulayo kufuneka bodwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba yachongwa esi sifo. Virus bodwa ithatha malunga 5-7 iintsuku, ngoko ezisongwayo efunekayo nje elo xesha. Igumbi apho isigulane kufuneka kusoloko vezwa, yaye izinto ezibangqongileyo yiphathe nesisombululo zintsholongwane. Ukuchukumisa isigulane kufuneka incitshiswe kakhulu yaye kufuneka usebenzise imaski yonyango xa ngenkani iimeko. Andiyi kuba poprinimat antiviral eyolukileyo kunye neziyobisi antibacterial.

nokugonywa

Kukholelwa ukuba ayisekho ugonyo zokulwa umkhuhlane kunye parainfluenza. Le nto kakhulu ntiyiso. Umkhuhlane ngokwenene eguquguqukayo kakhulu, kukho inani elikhulu kakhulu, kwaye ke ngoko wafaka kabuhlungu. Ekubeni imeko parainfluenza eyahlukileyo kakhulu. Ugonyo kuye khona apho, ngenxa yokuba, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, le ntsholongwane phantse ingatshintshanga. Noko ke, imbambano malunga nokusebenza kwalo isitofu akuthethi lungehla ukuba komzuzu, ngoko ke isigqibo malunga imfuneko ukugonya umntwana isekelwe kuphela kunye nabazali.

Parainfluenza - eyoyikisayo okanye hayi?

Ngokusekelwe kule ngasentla, siyakwazi ukubona ukuba lo parainfluenza kwihlabathi mihla ebantwaneni ayikho into eyoyikekayo kakhulu okanye yingozi. abantwana abaninzi ukuthwala ngempumelelo esi sifo, ukuba zonke izinto eziyimfuneko yococeko kunye nokuthintela nezithethe. Kwakhona diagnosis kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha kunye nonyango ezimiselweyo ezichanekileyo. Hlala uphilile!