Ngubani owavela ibhalbhu ilayite, kwaye ngubani kuqaliswa ngayo ebomini bethu?

Namhlanje comfort ubomi bethu kuqinisekiswa ngenxa yobuninzi izixhobo zobuchwepheshe kunye ezahlukeneyo izixhobo zombane zasekhaya, ngaphandle apho sele kunzima ukulawula. Sithatha kubo kwinqanaba ienjini, ngaphandle ndicinga ukuba zisebenza njani, ngubani umsunguli wabo. Man ngokwemvelo usoloko ezama ngenxa ngakumbi, uye izicwangciso yebhongo ngendlela soyise zonke iingxaki. Imizekelo yendlela abantu akhohlwe iinkathazo, baxabana phambili ngokwaneleyo.

Noko ke, asimele silibale ngayo ezidlulileyo yakhe, ngokungakumbi njengoko kwakukho yendyebo imizekelo ezinokuba luncedo ngoku. Ke kwakukho imisebenzi ngendlela eyahlukileyo, oko kubonakala kulula ngakumbi kwaye sabaqalayo, kodwa ake ukuba ibingelilo ibhalbhu ilayite esiqhelekileyo, ngokungathi siphila ngoku? Ngokuqinisekileyo ubuya kucinga ngayo ubugcisa bale mihla, vaakelani va kunye neekhompyutha anamandla, kwaye usazama ukwakha ubomi bakho ukuba umlibale owasungula ibhalbhu ilayite.

Thina owoyamaniswe ukuba bathi kukuyilwa kubantu abathile, nangona ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa senziwa kusetyenziswana inani elikhulu labantu, kodwa, umzekelo, owasungula ibhalbhu ilayite, leyo ngoku kuzo zonke ndlu?

Ukukhanya kuyo yonke indlu

Kufuneka baqonde ukuba ngaphandle ukukhanya ukuba abantu abakwazi baphile, ngoko konke okusemandleni ukuza into ukukhanyisa kumakhaya abo. Izihlandlo ezininzi mandulo ngumlilo, izitovu kunye maziko, koko wasebenzisa khandlela. Kodwa ke ukusetyenziswa lomlilo live ithwala eziliqela bajonga iingxaki kunye engozini.

Kwamandulo, wasebenzisa iimbiza ngodongwe ezizalisa ngamafutha omnquma, umsonto cotton. Kamva kwi lweCaspian kunxweme kusetyenziswa izibane ezifanayo, esetyenziswa kuphela njengoko oil amafutha. Ke kaloku, ngowokuqala amakhandlela wax abakho kuphela kumaXesha Aphakathi yaye ingqalelo fyabo ebalulekileyo ngokwaneleyo ngexesha layo.

Kamva, kunye nophuhliso inzululwazi, izazinzulu ezininzi baye bazama ukulungisa le ngxaki. Omnye wabo uLeonardo da Vinci owakukhuphayo iingcamango ezininzi ngenzululwazi. Yena, naye, ukuba ngokuyinxenye ingqalelo njengabo owavela ibhalbhu ilayite yokuqala. Nangona kukho isibane separafini, yena nje evuthiswe iingcamango ekhoyo. Kodwa ke ingxaki ihleli injalo - emlilweni kufuphi amafutha amandla, enyanisweni, benza ngayo kunye Molotov cocktails.

iglowubhu ukukhanya

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, ibhalbhu fyabo ukukhanya - ukuba kukho inkqubo esebenza. Ngenkulungwane ye-19 beza kwase yokuqala isixhobo ekhuselekileyo ukukhanyisa. Alizange injineli Russian zombane kunye Isazinzulu Pavel Nikolaevich Yablochkov. It Yablochkov - lowo owavela ibhalbhu ilayite. Kwakhona ukuze lihlawulwe kwaye ikhandlela lokuqala zombane. wokusungula waba ethile ezininzi, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukuba nkenenkene imveliso ukukhanya Nobomi ephantsi. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, ukuba zazisetyenziswa amanani amakhulu ukukhanyisa street, kwakunye izinto ezibalulekileyo of Russia: zemiboniso, iivenkile, izikwere central, njl

Noko ke, ubulungisa kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umbuzo lowo owavela ibhalbhu ilayite, akunakwenzeka ukuba igama kuphela igama elinye. Ngapha koko, isixhobo ngokwalo lifikile indlela ende bokuba izinto eziphilayo zazivelela. Kweli thuba ukususela 1840 ukuya 1870. Izazinzulu ezininzi ziye lisebenze ukuphuhlisa ukukhanyisa esebenzayo zombane, kodwa isiphumo wayengekho de ngo-1872 injineli Russian Aleksandru Lodyginu hayi lucky. Nguye lowo owavela isibane zigqengezelayo. Sele 1873 kwizitalato St. Petersburg iibhalbhu ezimbini Lodygina.

Le mpumelelo eyaziwa nososayensi Thomas Edison. Wasebenzisa uphuhliso Lodygina, waza wazama ukuphucula kuyo, izigqibo kunye nengxaki kwalo. Ekugqibeleni wafumana ukwakhiwa ekunene carbon filament, okwenza ukuba isibane samaxesha iiyure ezilikhulu ambalwa. Kananjalo ingabalelwa nabasunguli isibane, nangona lwalungasamncedi ekuphuculeni, edibanisa izazinzulu zophando ezahlukileyo kakade.