Ngubani na anarchist noko afuna?

Zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini yaba Ixesha uphuhliso beengcamango ezentlalo awohlukeneyo, evakalisa umnqweno ukucinga amalungu oluntu ukuphucula ubudlelwane ekuhlaleni. Ngokutsho kweentanda ezininzi, amagcisa, yaye ngamanye amaxesha townsfolk eziqhelekileyo, abantu ufikelele esiphelweni ufile impucuko, imveliso ye emele umntu elula, kwaye umntu - phantse nzima.

Uninzi iinkcuba avumelana ukuba ubudlelwane phakathi kwamalungu oluntu, ezisekelwe ubukhulu becala kokokunyanzelwa kunye eziphathekayo izinto, ekhokelela ukonakala lonke uhlanga lwabantu. Inhibition of ezinye iinxalenye labemi luya kuqhubeka logama nje urhulumente ikhona, kwaye usebenzo nelingenakutsitywa iimeko ubudlelwane yorhwebo-mali, - ezibe negalelo Democrats Social and Marxists.

Ekuveleni kwenkulungwane baba iingcamango zithandwa kakhulu ngamazwi kunye ezinkulu, ingakumbi abo kuthiwa lokuphelisa nya yingcambu yazo zonke iintlobo zobubi - amandla ngokwayo, ochazwa ngokulandelelana loluntu ekuhlaleni.

Igama elithi "isiphithiphithi" inika uluvo jikelele ngubani na i anarchist. Isimaphambili "en" ngolwimi Greek ingqamana Russian "hayi" okanye "hayi" kwaye "arhie" lithetha amandla. Ngoko ke umntu lowo ukhanyelayo yabumba kangangeenkulungwane isakhiwo oluneqela ulawulo yoluntu, ezimele enoba iphiramidi ngaphezulu yileyo lo uPhilip, nguzwilakhe, lokubhukuqa nguzwilakhe okanye umongameli anyulwe ngokwentando yesininzi apho.

Ngomhla umbuzo wokuba ngubani na i anarchist, abantu abaninzi ndakhulela leSoviet, inene unge ukuphendula: "Ngoko ke Papandopulo" Umntu ababecinga ngayo Nestor Makhno, ogama umfanekiso ukhandwa ubuchule ngokoqobo yobusoshiyali, akukho ngaphantsi caricature. Le ingcaciso yale bias kwithiyori isiphithiphithi nenkululeko engenkqubela-phambili yobuntu ezilula.

Indawo eqhelekileyo ukusuka eSoviet zembali umboniso, ibali malunga neziganeko War Civil: iflegi Anarchist abamnyama kunye isilogeni "Isiphithiphithi - unina ukuze!", Ephethe ngaphezu kwisihlwele esingelwe phantsi. Kukho commissar ye'Bolshevik unamandla, ukukhathaza sisongelo, emva kwenza intetho emfutshane uloyiso eceleni. Ngubani na i anarchist, wayeliKomanisi esiva kwaye ithatha ecaleni kwakhe? Kudla ke ivalekile, abazi nto malunga nkqubo umlimi, bedidekile yaye kamnandi kwi ngezithembiso ezintle. Emva yamaBolshevik wawavula amehlo akhe, ngoko nangoko uya oluBomvu Army.

Ngokuba zonke ukufana lwenjongo echazwe kwi "Manifesto wamaKomanisi" kwaye ivakalise ekwaphukeni yokugqibela karhulumente, i Marxists ngelithi ukuba kwenzeka ngenxa yenguqu epheleleyo yobusoshiyali nolwakhiwo elandelayo. Ngamanye amazwi, izixhobo ingcinezelo uya kufa ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka komelezwa. Nguwo lo ke umahluko ophambili phakathi Russian Marxists egameni noTrotsky kunye Ulyanov (uLenin) ukusuka bakunintsev, kropotkintsev okanye Tolstoyans.

Njengoninzi izenzakalo zentlalo, anarchism yahlulwa ibe izinto eziliqela. Abaninzi kubo sibajonga kakubi ukuya rhwebo, kodwa okunye ngalo mba kukho imbono ezahlukeneyo. Umbuzo ngubani na anarchist individualist nendlela iyahluka ukusuka anarchist-syndicalist okanye anarchist-bamaKomanisi, isibaluli langutelo ra kwipropati yabucala.

Ngelo xesha langoku kumazwe amaninzi post-eSoviet indima karhulumente idla ayiphelelanga ukuqokelela irhafu kunye nokukhusela umdla weli ekuthiwa-lizwe elibusayo. Ukungafakwa okanye ekunqongophaleni kakhulu kweziqinisekiso ekuhlaleni, ulusizana ukhuseleko loluntu, ukungakwazi kunye nokuba mathidala le abasemagunyeni kukulungisa le miba ukuba amalungu oluntu zinkulu uthandabuzayo eziluncedo kwabo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ngoko omnye, ngoko kwelinye ilizwe elizimeleyo wambumba umfelandawonye ngayo anarchists. Abaseki bayo banolwazi amathemba zezopolitiko ephantsi nikhokelwa intshukumo yabo, kodwa kukho inani elithile abaxhasi nentshabalalo njalo. Njengomgaqo, bazalana nentshabalalo njengoko ngqiqweni, kodwa iphupha ezintle.