Nentsomi "Ivan Tsarevich". The main abalinganiswa, inkcazelo, isishwankathelo

U-Ivan Tsarevich - sonke siyaziwa kwaye sithandwa kubafundi bethu. Ukuba yiqhawe eliphambili lembali yamagqirha, ngokungathandabuzekiyo ithonya iziganeko, zidibene kwiibali zabo. Iqhawe elingenakunzima lenza ibali le-folkloric inomdla ngenxa yokukhawuleza kwimiba yakhe kunye nokuzikhethela kwentetho. Ziziphi iindaba ezenziwa ngu-Ivan Tsarevich? Ngokuqinisekileyo, kwisiqingatha sabo esihle. Isishwankathelo sale mabali, umthwalo wabo weemantic, imbono kunye nesigijimi, kunye neempawu ezikhethekileyo zomfanekiso wendoda kunye namanye amaqhawe, ziya kuxutyushwa kwinqaku echazwe ngqalelo.

Umlingisi owona mkhulu wesiganeko saseRashiya

Abaninzi banomdla kumbuzo: ngubani na xa waqalwa u-Ivan Tsarevich? Yimangalisa njengoko kubonakala ngathi, umlingani usemncinci, ekubeni wangena ngokuqinisekileyo kwii-epics kunye neengcamango kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Uhlaselwa ngabantu, waba ngumntu wakhe, uphawu. Iprototype yona ndawo iqhelekileyo iVanya Ivan, apho i-folkloric ibamba ithatha izibini ezintle nezimbi. Ngokuqhelekileyo uyisoloko yindodana yesithathu ka-u-king-king, kwimbali ezithile umlinganisi unabodade abathathu, wenza imisebenzi emithathu, kathathu uhamba kunye nokulwa nemikhosi embi. Ukuphindaphinda okuphindwe kathathu kwimbali yentetho ethi "Ivan Tsarevich kunye neGrey Wolf", "I-Frog Princess" kunye nabanye abahambi ngengozi. AmaSlav anamanani amathathu angcwele, afanekisela ukuphuhliswa, ukunyakaza, imvelaphi, imvelaphi, ukuvisisana. Kwiibali zendoda, kubonisa ukuba akudingeki ukuba ushiye, ukuba into ayifumanekanga okokuqala: UThixo, njengokuba uyazi, uyamthanda u-trinity. Kunoko, kubalulekile ukuqhubela phambili, ungayeki, ungadikibala.

Njengoko sele kuthethwe ngaye, u-Ivan Tsarevich - ukubonakaliswa kwabantu baseRussia. Lo mlingiso uvame ukukhuthaza : ulwa nokubi, unceda ababuthathaka, uyasindisa ihlabathi ukusuka kwinyoka ezayo yomlilo okanye uKoschei ongabhubhiyo. Futhi uhlala efumana umvuzo kuzo zonke izenzo zakhe ezilungileyo: itrone, ubukumkani, umfazi omhle, ihashe lomlingo, izinto ezixabisekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha unobuthathaka ngohlobo lokungabaza, ukungathobeli. Kodwa amanye amaqhawe ambuyisela kumendo wenyaniso, njengoko kuboniswa ngumzekeliso ovela kwintetho ethi "Ivan Tsarevich kunye neGrey Wolf": "Ndibambe iqhosha - ungatsho ukuthi akuyiyo." Le ngqamana ibinzana liphendule kwiqhawe elinesikhalazo ngenxa yokuphulwa komthetho: bathi, ukuba kukho into esele iqalile, musa ukuyeka, ukulethela umcimbi ekupheleni ngaphandle kokukhala okungadingekile. Ngendlela, u-Ivan Tsarevich unokuba ngumntu ongalungileyo: ukukhohlisa nokubi. Emva koko uyachasana nabazalwana bakhe okanye unyana wakhe wokuloba. Ekugqibeleni ibali, umlinganisi ombi uhlale edidekile kwaye ehlwayelwe.

Kutheni si sidenge?

Nawuphi na umxholo wesifundo ufundisa kakuhle kunye nehlabathi. U-Ivan Tsarevich, engomnye wabalinganiswa bakhe abakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo uba ngumzimba wobungqina kunye nobuqotho. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo utyhila kwisidenge: ungenangqondo, uphazamisekile, ungabikho nto. Ngokomzekelo, uP. P. Ershov wachaza ngempumelelo le mpawu yeVanya kwi "Horse Horse": "Ubaba wayenonyana abathathu. Omdala wayeyilumko. Umyinge wawunjalo. Omncinci wayeyisidenge. " Kodwa ngendlela yemilingo, ububuwula bukaIvan obangela ulonwabo lokwenene, ukunqoba, impumelelo. Yonke into yokuba izilumko zihlala rhoqo eRussia zibiza abantu abathembekileyo, abavulekileyo nabalungileyo. Abayi kukopela, bakhohlise, baye kulwaphulo - ukupha okufana nomphefumlo kungenakuqondakala kwiingcali. Kodwa bayalibala malunga nentlawulo kunye nomvuzo wezenzo. U-Ivan ufumana ubutyebi kunye nolonwabo kwimizamo yakhe, nokuba uyisidenge.

Kukhona enye inguqulelo enye yeso sidlaliso. Iingcali kunye ne-anthropologists zithi ookhokho bethu, amaSlav, baqulunqa isithethe sokuncedisa igama elibi. Baye bakholelwa: ngeengxelo ezingalunganga zikhusela umntwana wazo kwizinto ezimbi kunye neentlungu. Igama lesiteketiso laba ngumtsalane. U-Ivan uyamangalisa ngokwenene ngezenzo zakhe zobubudenge. Uyavuma, uya kukhangela umfazi olahlekileyo okanye inyoka yokufihla, akaxhomekanga engqondweni, kodwa kwi-intuition. Ukongezelela, umlinganiso udla ngokuthe ngqo, olula kwaye ongenalwazi, ongakhange uthethe ngobulumko bakhe. Kodwa ekugqibeleni uhlala ehlalweni lwakhe, ngokungafani nabazalwana bakhe "abanengqiqo".

Umlingani kaIvan Tsarevich

Ilungile. Iqhawe leenganekwane u- Ivan Tsarevich ngumntu onomusa. Uyabanceda abanye ngokungathandekiyo, akacingi ngezibonelelo. Ngexesha elifanayo, uyazi ukugcina isithunzi sakhe, ukuphendula imibuzo ye-Baba-Yaga ngokuthe ngqo, ngaphandle kokunyaniseka, ngobuqhetseba. Njengoko, uqala ukutya kwaye ulale, kwaye siza kuthetha. U-Ivan akamesabi, ukhawuleza uthatha inyathelo ezandleni zakhe, ubonise ubunzima bomlingiswa. Umlinganisi unempawu zobunzima, uhlala eyazi ixesha lokuzibuza, kwaye nini na ukuyalela.

Umfanekiso ka-Ivan Tsarevich kwiimbali zenkcazo uguqulwa emva kohambo alufezile. Kwaye akumangalisi. KwiRashiya yakudala, njengamanye amasiko, ukuhamba nokujikeleza emhlabeni jikelele kukubonakalisa ukuhamba, isithethe esingcwele. Ngethuba lohambo umntu uhlaselwa kwiingozi, izilingo, ukufunda ukuzilumko kunye nesineke. Ngako oko, ukubuyela ezweni lakubo, ukhula ngakumbi, ukhaliphe, ucinga ukuba unomdla kwaye uyaphuma. Emva kohambo, uVanya utshintsho olukhulu. Emva kokuba afumane iimpawu ezinesibindi kule phulo, uyazigcina. Ngoku usebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo amandla akhe nobunzulu, malunga nezinto awazange akrokre.

UIvan kunye namakhosana akhe

Masiqale sidale isicwangciso somxholo wefestile. U-Ivan Tsarevich uhlala kuqala - akayi kubuhlungu, ulala esitofu. Emva koko iziganeko zikhula kuxhomekeke kwingxaki, umzekelo: usongelo lukaKoshchei, ukuthunjwa komtshakazi, umyalelo ka-kayise-ukumkani. I-Culmination iyilwa nemimoya emibi. Kwaye ibali liphela ngokuphumelela kokulungileyo kunye no-Ivan ngokwakhe. Isalathiso phantse sisoloko sifanayo, kodwa umlingisi oyintloko unokungafani.

Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zakhe, iqhawe lifumana umtshakazi:

• UIvan ungumphuphi. Ichazwe kwimbali yamagama "uElena onobuqili." Ubonakalisa ngonaphakade, udlala ihabhu. Kufuneka ukuba u-Elena uhlakaniphileyo, ngubani, onengqiqo kwaye onengqiqo, oxolela ukunyaniseka komyeni wakhe, ukhangele ngeminwe yakhe.
• U-Ivan ulahlekile. Kuboniswe kwi "The Frog Princess". Umhlaba waseRussia ubanzi, kodwa utolo lwakhe luwela emanzini amaninzi. Umlinganisi onjalo udinga uVasilisa onguMhle, ongeyena omuhle kuphela kodwa naye osebenzayo. Ngombulelo kwengqondo yakhe eguquguqukayo, akaphumelelanga kuphela ngempumelelo kwiimeko ezingamangalanga, kodwa uyasindisa indoda yakhe.
• U-Ivan oMhle-Natured ("Marya Morevna"). Ukwabelana ngesonka kunye nehlwempu kwaye usindisa izilwanyana. Umfazi oqinileyo unyanzelekile kumfazi omncinci kunye nomfazi onothambileyo. Lo nguMariya iNkosana, umfazi oqinileyo nonamandla.

Imifanekiso yowesifazana iyancedisa umlingisi obalaseleyo, "ukuzalisa" ngalezo zimpawu, ukungabikho kwakhe. Siyabulela oku, ukuvisisana kudalwe kwi-story story: kwisalathiso salo kunye nobudlelwano phakathi kwabalinganiswa.

"Ivan Tsarevich kunye neGrey Wolf"

Ubani abalinganiswa abakhulu bala mabali, kuyacaca kuphela kwigama ngokwalo. Ingcuka yokuthetha ingomnye wabalinganiswa abakhulu, okwenza le ngqungquthela engumlingo nje kuphela, kodwa iyingxenye "yezobulo." Ibali lichaza ngentsapho apho kukho ukumkani kunye noonyana bakhe abathathu. Iindlalifa zisoloko zikhuphisana nje ngenxa yothando lukayise, kodwa kunye nelungelo lokufumana emva kokufa kwakhe itrone kunye nobutyebi. Kule nto, ngelixa bezalisekisa umyalelo womzali, bazama ukubamba i-Firebird, engena engadini yabo. Ayikwazi ukubamba ubuhle beentlanga kwindawo leyo, bahamba bamfuna. Omncinane, u-Ivan, udibana neGrey Wolf, odla ihashe lakhe. Ngexesha elifanayo, isilwanyana siqala ukukhonza isikhulu, ukuzalisekisa izabelo zakhe: kuqala uba ngumlilo we-Firebird, emva kwehashe-yegolide kunye no-Elena oMnandi. Ngokwendlela, lo mva wabuya wanikwa umyalelo wokunikela umfundisi ongenasiphelo. Ngelishwa, abazalwana-bakhwele bethetha u-Ivan, bemthabathela kuye i-princess kunye ne-Firebird. Kodwa ingcuka iza kunceda ngaphandle kokulibaziseka kancinci - yonke into iyawa kwindawo.

Ingxelo ethi "Ivan Tsarevich kunye neGrey Wolf" yenye yezona zidumileyo eRashiya. Ngeenjongo zakhe zidutshulwa iikhathuni kunye neefilimu, iimpumelelo zenziwa. Nemibala epeyintiweyo: umzekelo, uVasetsov's wobugcisa phantsi kwegama elifanayo. Umntu oyintloko - impisi - iboniswa apha kwicala elihle: uyathembeka, uthembekile kwaye uzukileyo. Kodwa abazalwana, nangona begazi lobukhosi, babonakaliswa njengabantu abanobubi: ababi, abanomona. Akunqweneli ukuba kubonakale njengabalahleki phambi koyise, baze bahamba ngokukhohlisa. Inkcazelo yamanqaku ifundisa abafundi inyaniso enye elula: iintlobo ezimbi ziphikisa okufanayo, ezilungileyo zihlala zibuyela emva kwekhulu. Ukongezelela, akusiyo yonke into ebomini eya kuqhubeka nokusebenza: ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka usebenzise ubuqili kunye nobuchule.

"IFrog Princess"

Umntu oyintloko, apho le nkcazelo yamagama efika khona, ngu-Ivan Tsarevich. Umxholo omfutshane kweli bali liyaziwa ngamnye kuthi ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ekuqaleni, umlingisi oyintloko ubonakala elahlekile: itololo yakhe ibetha i-swamp, kwaye unyanzelekile ukuba atshate igrafu. Kodwa eneneni wayenethamsanqa. Kwavela ukuba umfazi wakhe - uVasilisa oMnandi uMhle. Ulungile, kwaye uyabulumko kakhulu. Yonke imisebenzi-iimvavanyo zeTyar-intombazana yenza ngobuchule kwaye ihloniphe, idlula umkhwekazi wakhe-indoda yendoda yabazalwana abadala. Kucacile ukuba umfazi onobuqili akanakunceda kodwa kubonwa nguKoshchei obi, oba le ntombazana. U-Ivan uya kumkhangela: endleleni eyadibana nezilwanyana ezininzi, ezincedayo, - i-pike, i-drake, i-hare ne-bear. Ekuqaleni ufuna ukuwadla, kodwa ke uyabaxolela aze anikele bonke ubomi. Kuba le zi lwanyana ngexesha elifanelekileyo liza kuzisa umsindisi - kuya kunceda anqobe uKoshchei aze alondoloze umtshakazi.

Njengoko "iTale yeIvan Tsarevich kunye neGrey Wolf," eli bali lisifundisa uthando, kuquka nezilwanyana. Kubonisa ukuba abazalwana bethu abancinane banako ukukunceda ekuphenduleni ukunakekelwa kunye nokugcinwa. Ibali libonisa ukuba imfesane ihlala ivuza. Ngexesha elifanayo, ububi obukhoyo-ngohlobo lweKoshchei okanye enye imimoya emibi-iya kugwetywa. Ukuthozama nokuhlambulukiswa kukaVasilisa kukukhukhumeza kunye nomona wodadezala. Inkcazelo yamanqaku ifundisa ukuba umntu unyanzelekile ukufezekisa injongo yakhe. U-Ivan endleleni yakhe unqoba ubunzima obuninzi, kodwa ukunyamezela nenjongo yesikhulu kuvuzwa. Ngenxa yoko, uyasindisa uVasilisa: bahlala bevuya ngokulandela.

"I-Tale ye-Aples Juvenile kunye namanzi aphilayo"

Iqhinga lebali lomlingo liqhelekileyo. "I-Tale ye-Ivan Tsarevich kunye neGrey Wolf" iyafana neli bali. Kwakhona unokumkani kunye noonyana abathathu abazama kanzima ukukholisa uyise. UBawo, xa wayesemdala, wagqiba ekubeni aphinde abuyele ebusheni bakhe aze afumane ukungafi. Ukufezekisa injongo yakhe, wayefuna iiplestile zentsha kunye namanzi aphilayo. Ngubani na owathumela kuye ekupheleni kombuso? Ewe, iindlalifa. Ekuqaleni, umzalwana omdala, uFyodor, waya kumkhangela, kodwa wakwazi ukuthatyathwa yintombazana enobuqili neqhinga. Emva koko inqabileyo yagqiba ukuzama unyana ophakathi, uVasily, kodwa wafumana ingxaki efanayo. Ngomncinci, ukusuka kwinjongo yesilumko sinyani, bekungekho ithemba. Kodwa uYise wayengenanto into ayenzayo kodwa ukunika u-Ivan umsebenzi ofanayo.

I-prince-in the road intuitively yenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo, ngoko uBaba-Yaga uyamsiza ukuba afinyelele kwintsimi yemilingo phantsi kokukhuselwa kwe-Blue-Eyes. Emva koko u-Ivan wathabatha iipulo, wathulula amanzi waza waya ekhaya. Intombazana enamehlo eluhlaza okwamabhakabhaka ibanjwe naye, kodwa esikhundleni sokujeziswa ngokuba, inkosana yamfumana ukuxolelwa kunye nothando ngaphezu kwayo. Endleleni, wabakhulula abazalwana, ngoko bamngcatsha isikhulu. Zonke iinkonzo zakhe zabekwa bucala ngezihlobo. Kodwa intaka yaseNagai, umhlobo othembekileyo waseSineglazka, yamkhulula ephoseni yaza yanceda ukubuyisela ubulungisa. U-Ivan watshata iSin-Eye waza waphila ngokuvuyela ebukumkanini bakhe. Ingcamango ephambili ye "Intlekwane malunga namaapula asebuntwaneni ..." - ukunyanzelwa akukhokeli nto enhle. Ulutsha alukwazi ukuhlala ngonaphakade, akunakwenzeka ukufumana ukungafi. Into ephambili kukuba uphile iminyaka elinganisiweyo kunye nobulungisa. Kwaye ngenxa yobugovu, wonke umntu uya kufumana oko akufanelwe.

"Marya Morevna"

Ziziphi iindaba ezenziwa ngu-Ivan Tsarevich? Ukongeza koku ngasentla, umlingiswa ukhona kwibali elimlingo ngoMarya Morevna. Ekuqaleni, emva kokufa kwabazali bakhe, unika oodade bakhe ukuba batshata-ngo-Akhuzi, i-Falcon kunye neCrow. Emva koko udibana nentombazana enhlekazi uMarouou, oza kutshata ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa, ukuphula umthetho wokuthintela intanda yakhe, u-Ivan ulahlekelwa nguye - u-Koschey oyingozi uyamthatha intombazana. Ukukhangela umfazi wakhe, inkosana inokuhlolwa ezininzi, kuquka ukufa. Ukumnceda eze izilwanyana kunye nomkhwenyana wakhe: ekugqibeleni, isikhulu sithatha imisebenzi kaBaba-Yaga, sinqoba iKoshchei kwaye sikhupha uMariya.

Ingcamango yenkcazelo yenkcubeko yile: ukuthobela kuyisiqinisekiso sokuphila okuzolileyo kunye nokuvisisana. Ngenxa yokuba ukuphulwa kokuvalwa kuvame ukukhokelela kwiinkathazo ezininzi. Imbali ifundisa ubuchule, umonde, ukuzimisela - zinceda ukujamelana nobunzima. Ngenxa yoko, okulungileyo kuya kuyanqoba. Into ephambili kukuba ukwazi ukuguquka ngexesha, uvume impazamo kwaye wenze konke ukulungisa oko kwenziwa. Kwaye ukufumana amava amnandi, ukuze ungaphinda wenze izigqibo ezingalunganga.

"I-King King kunye neVasilisa"

Umxholo waseRashiya othi "u-Ivan Tsarevich kunye neGrey Wolf", kunye namanye amabali asemlingo asitsho ukuba umgca phakathi kokuhle nokubi ungcinci. La mabini mabutho ahlala asebenzisana, anondla. Ngaphandle kokukhanya akukho mthunzi, lo mva uzisa ubomi kwihlabathi. Ngako oko ibali elithi "Ulwandle lweTsar kunye neVasilisa ohlakaniphileyo" lizisa le ngcamango ngeqhinga lonke. Ixelela malunga nombingeleli, owabanjwe yinkosi yamanzi. Ngokunyaniseka, uthembisa ukunika into engayazi ekhaya. Njengoko inhlanhla ingaba nayo, lo ngunyana ozelwe ngokungabikho kwakhe. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukhula u-Ivan uya kwiKumkani yaseLwandle, kodwa endleleni adibana nomfazi omdala oxelela indlela yokufumana inceba yentombi encinci ye-monster kwaye ngaloo ndlela uyakusindiswa ekufeni.

Ngaphantsi kwamanzi, isikhulu ngesibindi sidlula uvavanyo - ukunceda kulo mtshakazi, oza kuba ngumfazi wakhe. Abaselula bayaphuma ngokuphumelelayo kwidokodo lolwandle baya kwilizwe labo ku-Ivan, apho bahlala bevuya kwaye banotyebi. Yintoni le nto ifundisayo? U-Ivan Tsarevich uqala ukuphendula ngokugqithisileyo umfazi omdala, aze alungise kwaye afumane iingcebiso ezixabisekileyo. Into yokuqala endilethwa yimbali kukuba inhlonipho yabadala, ubulumko babo kunye namava okuphila baya kunceda nakwiyiphi imeko enzima. Into yesibili inganekwane ifundisa uthando kwaye uyayixabisa umhlaba wakho. Xa ufumene konke kwilizwe lasemzini, malunga noko uphuphayo, kungekudala uzakulila ngenxa yeendawo zakho zokuzalwa. Akukho nto ithandekayo kunamaMlandland kunye nosapho.

Izigqibo

Abalinganiswa abalungileyo nabangalunganga bahlanganisane neenganekwane. U-Ivan Tsarevich kwiimeko ezininzi, iqhawe lihle. Kwimbali ye "Crystal Mountain" wakwazi ukwahlula ngokufanelekileyo imfuyo phakathi kwezilwanyana, apho wavuzwa ngamandla okuphindaphinda e-falcon kunye nentsholongwane. Ukufumana ubuchule bokumangalisa, wakwazi ukunqoba umthetheli waza wanqoba iinyoka ezimbi. Njengamabali angenhla, kule ngqungquthela ibonisa ukunyaniseka, ubulungisa kunye nobuchule. Ngenxa yeempawu ezintle zobunjani, unamandla ekunqobeni nayiphi na imiqobo.

Ngako oko nawuphi na umxholo wesifundo ufundisa abafundi abatsha bokuvuleka, ukunyaniseka. Izilwanyana ezimelelwe kuyo zifana nabantu abanjalo. Ngemifanekiso yezilwanyana, iindaba eziqhelekileyo zibonisa indlela umntu akufanele aphathe ngayo izalamane, abahlobo, oogxa okanye owaziwayo. Naliphi na ibali lefeythi lithi ubulungisa buya kunqoba. Kodwa ngenxa yoko kuyimfuneko ukwenza imizamo, ubonise ukunyamezela nomonde. Iimbali kwimbali nganye yemilingo ayikwazi ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa ihamba ngokukhawuleza neemeko zobomi bemihla ngemihla. Imifanekiso ebomileyo isinceda sibone inyaniso enenkohlakalo enyanisweni, ukubamba ubuxoki. Bafundisa abantu ukuba basebenze nzima, banobubele kwaye banyanisekile, ba lumkise ngokukrakra, ukukhwelela nokuphinda.