Mode Zambezi. Apho umlambo ungena i Zambezi?

BaseYurophu kuqala wafumanisa umlambo Zambezi kwinkulungwane XIX (D. Livingston), kunye nabemi bomthonyama baseAfrika kuthiwe yakhe Kasambo Ueyzi. Unxweme yolula ngokusebenzisa ezintandathu ithi kwelizwekazi leAfrika. Apho umlambo ungena i Zambezi? Ekunene kwi Indian Ocean, akha ichweba kakhulu. Ubude bayo 2600 km. Kuye kwasekwa engxangxasi sihle emlanjeni - Victoria. Kuyinto ukhetheke hlobo yayo yaziwe ehlabathini lonke. Kuye kwakhiwa idama, uMyili elikhulu ngokwemilinganiselo yehlabathi Reservoir neKariba. Zambezi River Basin iyabamangalisa kunye ubungakanani bayo, indawo kwezigidi 1,57 square metres. km.

Ukususela umthombo ukuya ogudle

Zambezi asuka eZambia emntla-ntshona, apho zina- ashiye izantyalantyala kunye onduli. Istok sise kubude 1.5 km ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, luyagwagwisa kwintsunguzi, amahlathi phantse nezangaphakathi. Umlambo sibhekiswe ukuya ngasemazantsi-ntshona, ngoko ujikeleze usinge ezantsi (kwi-240 km ukusuka kumthombo), ukuba amanzi abe nemingenela yawo encinane yokuqala omhlaba wondliwa.

Apha mna nezihluma - ke kwintsimi Amathafa: amahlathi ezinqabileyo ezomileyo kunye amatyholo. Emva engxangxasi encinane Chavuma, ukunqumla umda Angola, umlambo wabuyela eZambia.

kumjelo sandisa ngenxa kwesixa esikhulu (Lungvebungd, cabomba), yaye emva kokuba iwela ngaphakathi Ngvambe floodland iba ngokuthe luyehla, Uvula phezu emzantsi-mpuma.

Emva kokuba ingxangxasi iZambezi Ngoni eyandisiweyo yi ekungeneni enkulu - umlambo Kwando - kwaye ajike ngasempumalanga, sehlise phantsi phambi kwe "engundoqo" Ingxangxasi (Victoria). Indiva Cabora Bassa wedama, i Zambezi aqukuqela ziye entilini, apho kwijelo azinabunzulu eyayizalwa. Ehlayo unxibelelwano amanzi kunye Ngcayechibi Njasa (ekungeneni Shire) kwaye le Indian Ocean. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezingakumbi bona kwemilambo Afrika emephini.

Zambezi Delta linobude enkulu ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi ezingama-5. M. km. Noko ke, navigation kunzima ngenxa iidiphozithi intlabathi yendalo shallowing le enemikhono. Oku kungenxa ukwakhiwa kwamadama. Le kuphela ekugqithwa ngokuba iinqanawa kwisingxobo - Shinde.

Ulawulo emlanjeni Zambezi kunye nemikhwa yokudla

Zambezi asuka eentaba namageduka a sezulu. Kule ntsimi ehlotyeni ezina kakhulu ngohlobo kwemvula ixesha elide. Ezi kwezimvula, enyanisweni, NdinguMenzi emlanjeni, kwaye kananjalo mthombo uphambili wamandla. Kwaye ubukhulu engaphantsi kwebanga bondliwa yi marshland komhlaba. Olu hlobo umbane sizibonakalisa kakhulu umfula.

Yokuwela emfuleni egqiba lukhatshwa utshintsho rhoqo xa amanqanaba amanzi. Ukususela ngoMatshi ukuya kutsho kuNovemba (zasebusika eMzantsi Afrika kunye nembalela) kumpompoza nzulu kakhulu, kwaye kwakhona kwakhona ngoNovemba, ukwandisa umgangatho wayo ka-1.5 m. Xa ilixesha lemvula umlambo ingabizwa ugonyamelo, yenza isixa omkhulu kwabo amanzi kunye ngesantya esiphezulu.

ukusetyenziswa

Labantu abahlala kummandla Zambezi sokuhlambela, ahlala kakhulu kwezolimo. Nangona kunjalo, i Zambezi umlambo korhulumente yinto eguqukayo kangangokuba ezisebenzisa amanzi ayo unkcenkceshelo alusoloko lusebenza. Kodwa apha eziphuhliswe kakuhle lokuloba. Lomfula kwande intlanzi zombini ezincinane nezinkulu, iintlobo ezininzi - ziintlobo ezisoloko zikho. Fishing - ingeniso engundoqo yabantu balapha. Iintlanzi zisetyenziswa kuphela ukutya kodwa ngenxa zithembise nakancinane xa kufikelelwa aquaria: Zambezi - le yemvelo zonke nameva zakho ozithandayo kunye cichlids.

Izixhobo phezu komlambo

Lo msele wamanzi inika amandla, uthi emininzi kumazantsi eli lizwekazi, ngenxa izityalo umbane neKariba kunye Cabora Bassa. Nangona kunjalo, indlela ekhethekileyo iZambezi River ukuba ulwakhiwo lamajelo, leyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ezinzileyo izityalo umbane. Kodwa oku kukhokelela komnye ingxaki: i sleeves emhlabeni edamini olwandle. Noko ke, kwezinye iindawo (ngezantsi Cabora Bassa), kwelinye icala, umlambo waba iinqanawa.

Indlela yokuwela esisebenzisayo nge kumazwe aliqela kunye nemimandla ezininzi, ngoko into ebalulekileyo kukuba ubukho iibhulorho ezintlanu epheleleyo, ngokubonelela unxibelelwano nqila kwaye inter-State.

Le kwabantu ngokwendalo

Zambezi amanzi, igcwele nje kuphela ezahlukeneyo intlanzi encinci. Kwakhona, uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana kunye ezinkulu ezizingelayo: ookrebe, entsha yenkomo, iingwenya kunye nokuhlola malovane. Ummandla wonxweme ezininzi izilwanyana neentaka ubomi: iimvubu, iindlovu, iindlulamthi, neqwarha, ookhwalimanzi, iinkozi kunye pelicans. abakhenkethi Wati kubo ingami ngesikhephe, okanye ukutyelela ngomnye abaninzi zolondolozo lwendalo okanye neepaki safari.

ukhenketho

Zambezi komlambo itsala abakhenkethi Abalobi. Apha uyakwazi ukuthatha ukuwisa umvuzo. Ngenxa ezininzi bamasango kwi fans ukuqabela kakhulu aluminiyamu ezithandwa yale lomlambo.

Yaziwa kulo lonke ingxangxasi kwihlabathi 'umsi Gremyashchy "(Victoria). It has a umlinganiselo eyodwa ububanzi ubude (1800 x -120 m). Le engxangxasi ezikufutshane kule mimandla ekhuselweyo umiwe iintsapho kwezilwanyana ezinkulu, kukho kwakhona kukho imikhombe ezithile enqabileyo kakhulu emhlophe. abathandi kancinane ehlayo ukucebisa ukwenza amaphenyane.

Ukuze wenze xesha umdla ukutyelela, yaye amanzi le Zambezi kunye neminye imilambo Afrika, kwi imephu uyakwazi ukubona iindlela ngqo yohambo elilungelelanisiweyo.