Medici Chapel, uMichelangelo: incazelo neefoto

Ngowe-1421-1428, i-Brunelleschi yakha indlwana kwicala ibandla San Lorenzo (Medici Izindlwana) e Florence. Wayefanele ukuba ingcwaba indlu Medici. Phantse neminyaka elikhulu kamva Pope Leo X iphakamiswe kaMichelangelo ukugqiba kobuhle. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali yamiswa umsebenzi.

Florence Church of San Lorenzo

Ibandla lidala Florence - uyitempile San Lorenzo. Kulo nyaka 339 kuloo ndlu yecawa yamiselwa St. Ambrose, Bishop of Milan. Kweli xesha Romanesque, yakhiwa kwaye kwakhona bamiselwe-ngo-1059. Ngo-1418 i-Medici wagqiba ukwakha ngokupheleleyo waza wayinikela ukuba uFilippo Brunelleschi. Le ngaphakathi ngetempile ezihonjiswe imisebenzi Donatello. Abathetheli Chapel waba yindawo yokungcwabela zonke iindwalutho Medici usapho umgca yesibini, ukususela Cosimo I. sibekwe obala ubutyebi namandla Medici. It izaliswe zonke iingubo iingalo izixeko Duchy of Tuscany kunye Medici ingubo iingalo kwi eluphahleni. ingaphakathi aluhlaza of sale mosaic lwenziwa phantse iminyaka engamakhulu amabini eminyaka. Umsebenzi wenziwa kakuhle kakhulu. Kufuneka ukuba ukulahla Neendwalutho ezintandathu. Enyanisweni, lo iibhokisi axela engenanto nikhonze nje ezikhumbuzo nokungcwaba. Enyanisweni, i-Medici bangcwatyelwa crypt. Emva zonke sarcophagus kwi niche eludongeni. Bekufanele ukuba ahlale Neendwalutho imikrolo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindidi ezimbini kuphela lesikhumbuzo - oqingqiweyo uFerdinand I kunye Cosimo II. Dome uphinda Brunelleschi mlilo ezihonjiswe ngemiboniso eBhayibhileni.

Le crypt ne emangcwabeni. Chapel weenkosana

Beka ukuze ndiye kwi Chapel of the Medici iya kukhokelela ngqo crypt. Ukusuka apha uyakwazi ukuya kwigumbi le Abathetheli kunye Sacristy Entsha. Crypt emnyama kunye lisibekele, ngokwemvelo engcwabeni, apho phantse kungcwatywa uninzi lwamalungu entsapho Medici, kuquka abo bekufanele ukuba kuphumla kwigumbi weenkosana. Le ukupeyinta lady highborn ihleli esitulweni ezinde. Le Anna Maria Luisa de 'Medici, yindlalifa yokugqibela usapho, eyafa ngo 1743. Ulishiye ilifa enkulu bezobugcisa zomthonyama Florence wakhe.

Kuba abathandi kaMichelangelo

Ngowe-1520, ndahamba ukwakha indlwana ngamatye amangcwaba for Lorenzo Zobungangamela kunye umzalwana wakhe Giuliano, kwakunye nezinye oonyana ababini zosapho Medici: Giuliano, iNkosana Nemours, kunye Lorenzo, iNkosana Urbino. Ukongeza, Cardinal noGiulio, owayengumza uPope Leo X, ufuna owonithemba ulwakhiwo kwithala kaMichelangelo,. Kufuneka uhlale kwiincwadi akwi yonke intsapho, kwakunye zivela ngamagosa ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinye bibliophiles ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Medici Chapel kunye Sacristy New kuso, kunye nethala - asayinimenti ezimbini kubalulekile ukuba inkosi kunyaka-45 ubudala, owathi ngenxa okwesihlandlo sokuqala kuya kufuneka ijongane zibukeke.

New Sacristy - yenye iiprojekthi zokwakha, apho inkosi nayo esiphelweni. Kuye akukho ngaphantsi kwe ezisixhenxe eqingqiweyo Renaissance buchopho.

Isiqalo

Cardinal noGiulio de 'Medici of sodidi, upopu abanyulwe phantsi kwegama Clement VII, ebizwa uMichelangelo eRoma waza wanikela ebonisa eqinileyo ukuba Chapel of the Medici kufuneka kugqitywa ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Ufuna ukuze izukiswe eminyaka ngaphantsi kwe Pope Leo X kunye ababengaphambi kwakhe, kushiya memory of yena ngabaxumi lwezakhiwo, ukukrola nokupeyinta. Ngaba ziyaqhubeka imifanekiso ezo kumaxesha amandulo, i Medici odumileyo, kwaye abo esekwe Florence neNgonyama. Baba amabini evukuthu, ngaba akazizukisanga ngokwakhe nkosana. Sacristy entsha ibandla San Lorenzo (Medici Izindlwana) kufuneka ibe isakhiwo eyodwa kunye endala, eyakhiwa Brunelleschi. UMichelangelo wamitha waza wenza ukuba ezintsonkothileyo ngakumbi odolo, cornices, izihloko, iingcango, lalisiba namangcwaba. Wasondela umva ukusuka imithetho eyamkelekileyo ngaphambili kunye namasiko. Medici Chapel ngesicelo uPopu akusekho mfuneko yokuba sifake amangcwaba Lorenzo Zobungangamela kunye umzalwana wakhe Giuliano. A indawo uzuko kufuneka sime engcwabeni sikaPopu Leo X kunye nezakhe. Sinqwenelela ukuba akukho mntu ngakumbi wasebenzisa ubungqondi kaMichelangelo, Clement VII wahambisa lokwakha ube indela kunye ukucheba kwi Order of St. Francis. Xa igcisa wala, utata wamnika indlu kuye. Okulandelayo kuye ebesima indlwana le Medici. Imivuzo ngaphaya amaxesha 3 imali enimcelileyo uMichelangelo.

UMichelangelo e Florence

Oko kwakufuneka enze uMichelangelo Buonarroti? Medici Izindlwana bafuna ukwandiswa ecaweni. Ukuba akhe igumbi silingi, ukwakha Imbobo kwaye enze uthotho esingekho ngaphantsi kwe umsebenzi ekusekweni kwemisebenzi. Kwaye ke sinako ukucinga malunga sculpture ukuba nomkroli ekujongwe ukuhombisa amangcwaba Giuliano kunye Lorentso Medichi. Oku kuya kufuna umsebenzi, kwaye kungoko imali evela Clement VII.

Zizo ukwakha imifanekiso

Ziziphi iimvakalelo kuya kubangela Medici Chapel? UMichelangelo, hayi siyazikhohlisa ngokwakhe, wacebisa ukuba xa sele ukulungele na imifanekiso, baya ukuphoxa abo bafuna ukubona umfanekiso ezimbini inzala yentsapho. Abayi kuba ngokufana. Wayefuna ukwenza kubantu abatsha, sidala ixesha labo nje kuphela kodwa kwakhona iingxaki zabo ezintsha bugcisa. Imifanekiso ye intshukumo nokunikezelwa zibhekise ngokulula ukuba yavele emoyeni. Kuya kuba umfana enamandla ezimbini, ezele ukuchulumacha iyingangamsha.

Medici Izindlwana: Inkcazo

Engcwabeni lomntu Medici yeyela kwihlabathi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, kungekhona umntu lowo esitratweni. Wena yabanjwa imvakalelo lonxunguphalo kwaye bacinge ukuba kule ndawo. Around ke olungaphambili erhabaxa, ngenxa yokuba pilasters ezimnyama, architraves kwi windows ezinqabileyo, iifestile ngokwazo, iindonga esinombala okhanyayo ukunika le ndlela lomculo ephazamisayo kwezitalato zamaxesha aphakathi kunye nezikwere. Yiyo le indawo equka umntu njengesihlambo ngokukhawuleza ongatshiyo ixesha, adalwe uMichelangelo. Engcwabeni inkosi - oko ucinga umlinganiso isikrokro, kwaye ixesha elifutshane bobukho, echaziweyo ngokudibana izakhiwo kunye imikrolo.

madonna

Xa ibandla San Lorenzo (Medici Izindlwana) New Sacristy ikhangeleka ngathi cube ezamahala ukuba uMmeli isiqulathi. Umakhi zibekwe yayigcinwa kunye eludongeni-imvelaphi inyuselwa khona, ukwanda kakhulu emangcwabeni. Ngokuba kubo, wathabatha amanani wabaza yobomi-ubukhulu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, Wasibeka isibingelelo iqela oqingqiweyo "Madonna kunye Child", bayirhawula kunye nemifanekiso ka St. Cosma e Damiano (Medici bawo). Nabo imizobo yakhe udongwe eyenziwa ngabafundi. Madonna - isitshixo ukuya ecaweni. Yena mhle kwaye ligxile ngaphakathi. ubuso Madonna bukaThixo ityekele umntwana. Luzele usizi nentlungu. Madonna iGqili kwi kokucingisisa nzulu. Imihlubulo iingubo zakhe ukudala inyathelo ixesha zesingqisho kunye iyihlanganise onke ifomu bokwakha. Usana lifika kuye. Kwakhona ezele nemiba engaphakathi kunye ukungakhululeki, edityaniswe lonke ecaweni. Ukubunjwa ecaweni Madonna idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Kuyinto ebusweni bakhe imilo Giuliano noLorenzo.

Eqingqiweyo yayigcinwa

Ngaphandle unaloo efana umzobo sonke isikrweqe ngamaRoma amandulo kuhlala amanani amabini yimizekeliso. Ukhaliphe, eNamandla Giuliano bareheaded ngokusekelwe intonga womyaleli. Libonakalisa uxolo emva kwemfazwe. Kuyinto nje lo lobomi eyiyo. Nangona umzalwana wakhe Lorenzo ukho kule sicamngca zinzulu nzulu limela. Intloko lakhe ligutyungelwe ntloko yamandulo ebambe isandla sakhe kunye engqinibeni - phezu kwebhokisi, nto leyo ekhaleni bestial yokomfuziselo. Oku kuthetha ubulumko ishishini nobuchule. Zombini amanani ukukhathala ukudangala. Niche of ebambe zabo enika kumboniseli imvakalelo ukukhathazeka. Baza ngokusebenzisa iyure engcwabeni iimfazwe nezidubedube kunye nokukhumbula Lorenzo Zobungangamela, lo Usomashishini othile ka-Italy, apho kwakukho uxolo.

Namanani esicikweni sarcophagus

Ngokuhambisa phantsi a izidanga ezineziciko amangcwaba, okubambezelayo kunzima kubo, ngumthi ochweliweyo njengobuxoki kusasa nangokuhlwa ezinyaweni Lorenzo kunye imini nobusuku - in Giuliano. Imiqondiso yexesha aphilileyo excruciatingly engonwabanga. ezinamandla kunye ibonwe umzimba ogqibeleleyo zabo - reified languor kunye nosizi. "Morning" uvumbulula kancinane kwaye kabuhlungu, "Imini" limfiliba siphaphile yaye ephazamisayo, "Hosi", tsepeneya, uwa ulele, "Night" egxile bubuthongo noko amnye ebantwini enzima. Yintoni uhlobo intaka phezu kwigumbi le Medici? "Night" unyawo isekelwe phezu nenciniba, leyo, ukuba eziphekuziweyo, into ndivuke naye. Stone, leyo yena ibamba esandleni sakhe, ukuze bawe nangaliphi na ixesha, kwaye kananjalo ukuba ndimvuse. Nakuphumla "Night." Oku kungqinwa ngokupheleleyo usizi imaski esandleni sakhe. Inani of "Imini" ufanelwe ingqalelo kuba ukungahambisalani Akumangalisi befaka nomzimba omhle yaye kunzima batshintshana ngayo intloko kumboniseli leyo. Umzimba entle egudisiweyo, nobuso bakhe kuvela kancinci, umfanekiso elicwangcisiweyo ngokulambisa. "Imini" egcina kumkhondo izixhobo kunye nedooformlen zobugcisa. nani ekhala "Morning" yaye "Hosi." Oku kudala ezichazayo ngakumbi, qwa kunye ingozi. Le nomkroli wayengoyiki ukuhamba ngaphambi kwexesha lakhe, nto enyanzela umbukeli ukuba bacinge kunye nokutolika sculpture nje nantoni na. Apha phambi kwakho ke umntu "ntambama" (Medici Izindlwana). Photo kuqinisekisa ngasentla. Amanani abafuni kuphila okanye uzive. Yonke kunye, ixesha Medici ngemini ukuqinisekisa Isaci "Soloko» (Sempre), nto leyo ithetha ukusebenza rhoqo umsebenzi. Kunye namanani abantu njengobuxoki abatsha livalelwe sisincoko oluzinzileyo ngunxantathu.

"Boy Ulala"

Medici Chapel kunye ingonakaliswanga engcwabeni, ejongana umntu yakhe, enye ukukrola leyo ngoku Hermitage. Libizwa ngokuba "Le nkwenkwe ngokuthatha ngaphandle eliqela." Ukuba engqondweni ukusibuyisela ecaweni, uya kufumanisa ukuba ixesha liqhagamshelene lolokwexeshana engenasiphelo. Lo mfanekiso ezincinane, ukhululekile ukungena ityhubhu. Yena, kufana "Imini" akukho kakhulu egqibile: yena sele engekagqitywa ezantsi kwaye emuva olugudisiweyo. Baby zonke zityediwe ukuya elunyaweni owenzakeleyo, ngoko engaqhelekanga kwaye engalindelekanga somzimba wakhe. UMkroli wafuna ukususa ukusuka marble kuphela kakhulu kuyimfuneko ukuze abone ukuba singena off koseko, ngoko akukho nto uchake off. Le nkwenkwe ebalulekileyo kuyilo zizonke, kuba le - ngephanyazo kwexesha. Ukuba Madonna - ixesha, yembali, zamaKristu, nto leyo ezisa kunye nabantu belo xesha, lo mfana - nabubufutshane yakhe. Yena ke loo meko, kwaye okomzuzwana. Amanani phantsi yayigcinwa zinto ngexesha lomjikelo ezifanayo utshintsho, endaweni yabo, emi into ekhethekileyo. Yonke ikhona yingqondi ebomini bakhe - ngexesha elifanayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

ilayibrari Laurentian

Xa usebenza New Sacristy, leyo waphambukela indlwana zodidi oluphezulu, uMichelangelo wakha ithala leencwadi. Emva edlula kwintendelezo ezimnandi, ngenxa balo ngasekhohlo, ungafumana kuwo. Lwenzelwe ukuba yaqalwa kuphela. Le ncwadi iqulathe ngqangi yamandulo, iikhowudi anemifanekiso, okubhaliweyo kweManyano, ekwavunyelwana ngaso kwiBhunga Florence 1439. Okokuqala kwafika ivaranda, ngoko indawo-ngqangi, apho kunokugcinwa nokufunda. Oku tyaba elide iindonga ukukhanya ngamatye hina. Ahla- iphezulu. Ngapha kwe kuye, abakhenkethi awavumelekanga. Akukho eqingqiweyo, kodwa kukho izintlu ezimbini ukuba ingontsi eludongeni. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo yahlawulwa engaqhelekanga ngezinyuko nezemarmore, esifana ithombo lwentaba. Yena omise amanyathelo amqengqelezi izinyeliso ephantsi kakhulu. Iqala embundwini mafu- kwaye lwandisa ukwenza izahlulo ezintathu. Inkosi ngokwakhe eseRoma, apho wakha imodeli lodongwe ezinyukweni - nokutsala iphambili elisekungeneni.

Oku iqukumbela nenkcazelo yokuveliswa ubungqondi kaMichelangelo. Kulo msebenzi yamabhongo, waqonda iimbono zakhe ezintsha. Bathe ubhetyebhetye kangangokuba wazuza ibaluleke kakhulu lonke uluntu. Ngoko litshintsha Medici Chapel. Medici Florence wafumana lesikhumbuzo eyaba ilitye kuwo umzi.