Indlwana yenyoka. Ukukhupha amaqanda ukuhlala kunye nokulala?

ISayensi iyazi malunga neentlobo zeenyoka ezintathu. Bahlala emanzini, emahlathini, kwiintlango, ezintlango nasezintabeni. Izinyoka zibeka njani amaqanda kwaye zanda? Ngaba bayakha izidleke? Makhe sibone indlela ubomi beenyoka buhamba ngayo kuluntu.

Inyoka

Iinyoka zimelela iklasi elingaphantsi kwee-reptile. Kanye kunye neengwenya, ii-turtles, iilzards, zithunyelwa kwiindawo ezihlambulukileyo. Okusondeleyo kwimpawu zangaphandle nangaphakathi, ziya kwiingqungquthela. Kucingelwa ukuba kwakuvela kubo inyoka eyenziwa malunga neepidiyoni ezili-120 kwiminyaka edlulileyo kwi-Cretaceous.

Umzimba wabo udibene kwaye ungenazo iindawo eziphelileyo, uhlanganiswe ngaphandle ngaphandle kweesikali. I-squelette iqulethe kunye neentambo. Ukubala imibala ehlambulukileyo - ininzi ehlukeneyo: eqaqambileyo kwaye epholileyo, eneprojekthi kwaye ngaphandle. Kwintlobo enye, ihluka ngoxhatshazo lomntu kunye nexesha lonyaka. Zininzi iintlobo zinetyhefu.

Izinyoka zihlala phantse kuwo onke amazwekazi eMhlabeni. Azikho e-Antarctica, e-Ireland, eNew Zealand nakwezinye iinqithi zase-Oceania. Eyona nto imnandi kubo yimihlaba eshushu. Zihlala zihlala phezu komhlaba, kodwa ezinye iintlobo ziye zaziqonda amanzi kunye nendawo engaphantsi komhlaba.

Indlela yokuphila

Ngokuqinisekileyo zonke iintlobo zeenyoka zizilwanyana. Isakhiwo seembambo kunye neentambo zawo zivumela ukugwinya ixhoba elikhulu. Ezinye zazo zikhethi kwaye zidla kuphela uhlobo oluthile lwezinto eziphilayo. Ngaphandle kokutya, iinyoka zingaphila malunga neenyanga ezimbini.

Zixhotyiswe ngesona esihle, iindidi ezininzi zinobuhle obuphezulu, ubukhulu bentuthuko kunye nobunzulu obushukumisayo, obenza kubonakale imini nobusuku, umveliso wokulandelela ngexesha lokuhamba kwawo.

Aba ngabazingeli abafanelekileyo. Ngokunyanisekileyo kunye ne-unobtrusively bayaziguqula, bekhangela umntu osenokuba yixhoba. Emva koko ukhawuleze ngejubane elingalindelekanga. AmaBhoas aqala ukuphazamisa amaxhoba, ezinye iintlobo ziqala ukuyidla ziphila. Izinyoka ezinobuthi ziyaluma kwaye zishiye ixhoba, zilinde umzuzu xa ubunobuthi bulilimaza.

Yintoni ebonakalayo yenyoni yenyoka?

Okukufutshane nakwezityalo ezihlambulukileyo kukudidi lweentaka. Ngoko, akumangalisi ukuba bobabili banda, bebeka amaqanda. Enyanisweni, ezinye iinyoka ziyi-viviparous (izinyoka, iibhola, njl njl.). Ixesha lokuxhamla kwezilwanyana eziqhambileyo liqala ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlwa.

Beka indawo yokubambisa, abazenzi ngokwabo. Inyoka ye-nest - ngokuqhelekileyo isihlahla esingenanto esingenanto okanye umngcwabo oshiyiweyo wezinye izilwanyana. Bangakwazi ukubeka amaqanda phantsi kwamagqabi, amagatsha awa phantsi, amatye, ukuthungca amatye emacaleni.

Uninzi lwawo alukhuseli inzala nayiphi na indlela. Emva kokuba isidleke senyoka sakhiwe, ibhinqa liyishiya ukulungelelanisa. Ezinye iintlobo ziyakhathalela. Ngokomzekelo, i-python igxobhoza amaqanda ngendandatho, iyalinda kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ukufudumala kubo ngoncedo lwe-pulsation of muscles.

Izinyoka zanda iindidi eziliqela ngexesha. Kwimimiselo ekhethekileyo kubo, zivelisa unyaka wonke. Umyinge wokulinganisa iamaqanda ayishumi, kodwa akubona bonke abantu abatsha abaphila ngokukhula kwabo.

Isihlamba se-cobra yasebukhosini

Izinyoka ezakha izidleke ngokwazo, kungekhona kakhulu. Omnye wabo nguHamadridi, okanye i-cobra yobukhosi. Ihlala kwimimandla yasempuma yaseMzantsi-mpuma kunye ne-Asiya yaseMzantsi, apho kunqabileyo kwamanzi. Isidleke asikhukhulelanga, sakhiwe kwinqanaba elincinci okanye phezulu.

Amaqanda afakwa kuphela ngenyanga emva kokuqhathaniswa. Omnye umntu ngexesha livelisa amaqanda amane. Amacobra amancinci avela emva kweentsuku ezilikhulu. Ngelo xesha ibhinqa ihlala ilindile, ngamanye amaxesha ubaba uyathatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo.

Inyike yenyoka ingaphezu kwe-1 m ububanzi. Ukuyakha, inqununu iqokelela okanye iqoke amasebe, iyakhupha amaqabunga ngemsila. Isidumbu sineengxenye ezimbini. Ngaphantsi kukho ubuqili, obufafazwa ngamagatsha kunye namahlamvu. Ngasentla yowesifazane. Ngexesha elide, longeza amahlamvu amtsha ukugcina ubushushu obufunayo.

Iibhokhwe zasebukhosini zizona zinkulu kunazo zonke ezinyoka eziyaziwayo. Ngexesha "lokutshatyalaliswa" ziyingozi kakhulu. Bawubambelela wonke umntu osondelene nesidleke, kwaye unokuhlaselwa ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.