"Mbanjwa eCaucasus" - wazibhala? fiction

Caucasus, isihloko lwemibongo ezininzi, imibongo namabali amafutshane, kodwa abaninzi awuzange usebenze abanomdla ezingento "mbanjwa eCaucasus". wayibhala Ngubani, zama ukufumanisa ngakumbi. Xa umgxeki nokubhala Belinsky wabhala ukuba Russian Caucasus ukuba abe luhlanga alithandayo "Razdolnaya kanye nemibongo obungapheliyo, ubomi rap kunye namaphupha nobuganga obukwanjalo." Namhlanje, oko akulolize ngqalelo amabanjwa ezintathu abaseAfrika of Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina, Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova kunye Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo. Caucasus washiya uphawu lwabo soze umphefumlo, ngokuba ukususela ngenkulungwane XVIII, le ngohlangothi emangalisayo ngokwayo ndayincamisisa umdla omkhulu phakathi ababhali, mbali, abaphandi, kubangele yaqala ukubonakala imisebenzi ezininzi ngokwembali, ezenzululwazi kunye noncwadi.

"Mbanjwa eCaucasus" Yabhalwa ngubani na?

Pushkin kubhekwa discoverer zaseCaucasus kwisihobe Russian. Kulapha ke, akusondela iphefumlelwe wakhe, ukunxibelelana nge ndinyana ubuhle zothando neentaba, iintlambo eluhlaza kunye nemilambo ngokukhawuleza. A iziganeko ezibukhali kwaye iyingozi le abaseAfrika War (1816-1964) kunye ubomi hlobo baqalisa ukukhonza njengemithombo ngamaqhinga ezahlukeneyo zoncwadi. Apha kulapho imbongi waziphosa emoyeni lamabali ezahlukeneyo umdlalo kunye amabali malunga longquzulwano yomkhosi kunye ubuqhawe kwamagosa Russian ekuthinjweni kunye zinkomo ezazingasombululeki.

kumbongo wakhe "mbanjwa eCaucasus" Pushkin waqalisa ukubhala ngo-Agasti 1820 kwi eCrimea kwi Gurzuf. Yaba imisebenzi yokuqala eyayinikelwe eCaucasus, loonto iye yaba yimpumelelo enkulu kunye nabafundi. Ngokutsho umbhali, umlinganiswa hero-ibanjwa wemka bekungenjalo, kodwa intaba lobabalo edge akuchaza uncoma enkulu, nothando Circassian kwakhona bachukumiseka enzulwini umphefumlo wakhe.

"Mbanjwa eCaucasus". Lermontov

Kuyo yonke yakhe, ngelishwa, ubomi obufutshane wayibona indlela athandana kwithenda eCaucasus kunye M. Yu. Lermontov. Ngowe-1825, wayetyelela ilizwe fabulously elihle. Waye wachukumiseka gqitha ngqondweni wakhe waza wathatha indawo esembindini umsebenzi wakhe. Lonke ulwazi malunga eCaucasus wawafumana kwizalamane zabo abahlala Mineralnye Vody. Ngaphandle Pushkin "ibanjwa" ibe abayibonayo soze kuye. Ngoko ke, kwiminyaka 14 (1818) uMikhail uqala ukubhala "mbanjwa eCaucasus 'yakhe. Zebali kufana womelele uze uthethe malunga nendlela serviceman kwikhompyutha Russian uya Circassians. ikakhulu wayemthanda Circassian, leyo kamva kwamnceda kusinda. Lermontov kuphela wanika cut yayo ezizodwa ezizodwa eli bali.

tshu

Kunye nabanye ababhali ziye imveliso 'mbanjwa eCaucasus ". Yabhalwa ngubani ibali kulo mba? Kakade ke, lo "ibanjwa yesithathu" - Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy. Weza eCaucasus, xa wayeneminyaka engama-23 ubudala. Kwaye ndathandana nalo eli lizwe. Wayengazi ukuba yintoni na ukwenza, ngoko ndaqalisa ukubhala ibali malunga ubuhle yalapho yokuphila, izithethe. Emva kweminyaka emithathu enesiqingatha (1851-1854) babehlala apha, wawushiya ngohlangothi wababhali. Kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, xa yakhe, wayibeka kugxininiswa ukuba eCaucasus iye yaba sisikolo sobomi kuye. Apha eva ukuba zokulwa, iingozi kunye nokufa.

Xa ndandisengumntwana, ndafunda Tolstoy abaseAfrika imisebenzi alucelomngeni Lermontov, leyo wayekuthanda. Bandula nabazana zakhe mountaineers, Chechens, wabhala phantsi amabali kunye iingoma, ingakumbi kwi imfazwe. Ngoko ke ibali 'mbanjwa eCaucasus "wazalwa engqondweni yakhe. Umbhali uchaza oko kubomi namabanjwa amabini Russian - Žilina kunye Kostylin ababekulo eCaucasus. iminyaka zikaTolstoy baselula, nichithe emfazweni abaseAfrika, kuya kubangela iinkumbulo kakhulu. Apha wayenesizungu ungonwabi, ngoko kwakubuhlungu kakhulu, kodwa eli lixesha elihle reflection, ukuqala umsebenzi yombhali kwaye ukuphumeza ingcamango eliphezulu.

Ngoku, ndiyacinga, ukubhideka malunga yintoni eyenza "mbanjwa eCaucasus", owabhala oko, noko usixelela, izakulahleka iyodwa. Kwathi kanti, kukho sele imisebenzi emithathu enjalo, akukho namnye.