Artificial lens intraocular: iintlobo, abenzi, ncomo

Isekelwe kwi iliso ilens lidlala indima. Oku uyakwazi ukugxila ukukhanya kwiretina. Ngaphambi kokufika lens ngumntu emva izigulane cataract wayenxibe nkulu omkhulu kakhulu iindondo plus okanye lenses contact.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukhetho lens ngumntu libanzi kakhulu. Iintlobo ngeentlobo iimodeli wayezazi nkqu na ugqirha. Kwi iintlobo eziphambili lens eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku ngokutsha.

Kwezinye iimeko, kufuna umzila ye se ngumntu?

I IOL ingenisa kummandla lens zendalo, ukuba balahlekelwa umsebenzi wasemvelweni zaye. Ngokomzekelo, xa kusenziwa utyando ukuze cataract, xa ilens yendalo uphelelwa elubala yayo, IOL kwenza kukulungiswa ukubona, hyperopia kunye astigmatism eliphezulu.

Ilens ufakwa ngaphakathi iliso, ayanceda lens bemvelo nokulungiselela yonke imisebenzi eyimfuneko ngayo.

Le phakic Ukusungulwa IOL yaba isisombululo yokwenene izigulane iqondo eliphezulu ukubona, hyperopia kunye astigmatism. Kwakhona, le mifuziselo amiselwe kwizigulane ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo contraindicated ulungiso yokuziphatha embonweni laser.

Elinye ekulungisweni laser umbono indlela zokunganyangeki lens replacement ngumntu imodeli IOL. Ngoko izixhobo ezibonwayo uphelelwa ukukwazi kwalo yokuhlala (umbono yezinto imigama ezahlukeneyo). Emva kulo utyando isigulane emiselweyo izibuko ukufunda nokubona izinto eduze. Le ndlela iboniswe kwimeko ezilahlekileyo zokuhlala zendalo ukuba uqhele ngonaphakade izigulane iminyaka 45-50

Umzila lens phakic intraocular yaba ngokwayo kunye ngesandla ngcono apho indawo yemvelo kodwa yalahleka kwaye kunokwenzeka ukubamba umzila lens ngaphandle ukususwa lens zendalo. lens Phakic ukuba izigulane ukubona izinto akufuphi mgama.

Le fowuni IOL

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ilens intraocular uquka izinto ezimbini, kunye reference optical.

Icandelo kokugcina yi lens ezenziwe ngezinto ngaphaya. Oku kuhlanganiswa kunye eziphilayo iso. Phezu kwalo isahlulo woqondo kukho ummandla diffraction, eyenza kube lula ukufumana nokucaca umbono. Inkxaso inxenye lens inoxanduva nitrogen nabakholose philisi emehlweni.

Wafaka i lens ngumntu intraocular akanalo ezikhabhathini. Inika umbono epheleleyo woMntu iminyaka emininzi.

Eyona engundoqo eziluncedo lwezikhokelo phakic

• Musa ukuyichukumisa iris kunye inwebu, nto leyo esithintelayo uphuhliso utshintsho sisiba mandundu.
• Kudityaniswe eziphila esweni kwabantu.
• Banalo ukhuseleko ekhethekileyo retina kwimiphumo ebuhlungu yelanga.
• Ukuqinisekisa kubuyiselwa ekhawulezileyo umbono.
• Gcina isakhiwo kwenwebu.

ukuguqulwa Nzima and soft

Ezi lens zahlulwe iindidi ezimbini eziphambili: nzima yaye ethambileyo. Xa oogqirha eye yokusebenza ehlabathini lonke ulawulo segolide sele ekuqhubeni imisebenzi ngaphandle beentanda - phacoemulsification.

Phacoemulsification cataract lens intraocular umzila ibandakanya ukuphunyezwa ubude cut-2.5 mm. Ilens kufuneka ube ukuthamba. Oku kukuvumela ukuba balubumbe ube ityhubhu ngokusebenzisa ngokukodwa ukulungiselela le injector njongo. Ngaphakathi iliso, wema nkqo kwaye isebenza lens.

Legacy ndlela ibandakanya icandelo abulawe 12 mm ubude kunye suturing iinyanga ezintandathu. Ngoko wafaka model ngqwabalala.

Spherical kunye aspheric IOLs uhlobo

Le aspherical IOL ibonelela ezibengezelayo encinci nomthombo wokukhanya ngexesha lasemini nasebusuku. Oku kuthetha ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba bubuphi indawo yayo hayi ukhanyiso, uya kuhlala phantsi refraction, kokubini embindini phezu Iikona yayo. Lo ngumba obaluleke kakhulu ixesha obumnyama imini xa njengokhozo lweliso kangangoko kunokwenzeka landiswa.

Umzekelo, akukho ilitha evela izibane yeemoto. Lo mhlaba ibaluleke kakhulu abaqhubi. Kwakhona Aspheric uhlobo lensi sizalwa umbala ukuzala ngokupheleleyo umahluko omkhulu.

uhlobo Spherical ibandakanya njengokuqhekeka ngegalelo lazo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo lens. Oku kunegalelo kwiintsali ubukhaphukhaphu kakubi kuchaphazela umgangatho umsebenzi olubonakalayo. Olu hlobo lens kunokubangela ilitha kunye nokukhanya.

Ezininzi and model monofocal

lens Monofocal yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa umgangatho yoluvo olubonakalayo kwizifundo ise-mgama. Ukuze ufunde emva kotyando efunekayo plus-amanqaku.

Izixhobo lens intraocular (IOL) na uhlobo ezininzi eziphuculweyo. Inika ixabiso layo eliphezulu. Ivumela isigulane ukubona izinto zonke imigama. Lo msebenzi inikwa ngumntu loqwalaselo oluntsonkothileyo yokukhanya yayo. Kuba umbono kufuphi kwi umgama ophakathi ukuhlangabezana imimandla ezintathu ezahlukeneyo. Kulo mzekelo, isigulana ayifuni ukunxitywa iindondo. Kungenxa yoko le nto ixabiso izixhobo ezifana liphezulu kakhulu.

imodeli toric

imifuziselo Toric ziyilelwe ukusombulula ingxaki astigmatism. Astigmatism ibizwa imilo mgaqweni le inwebu obugqwetha lo mfanekiso. Ukuba isigulana eso ukubamba kususwe cataract kunye nonikezelo lens standard yokuphila, ezingaqhelekanga, iyalahleka. Ngoko, emva kokuba umsebenzi uya kuphinda iboniswe enxibe amanqaku zezindlu.

Xa sele betyale zonke lens imodeli toric kwisigulana kucacisiwe uyamelana astigmatism nokufumana abenza nemibono yezinto. Xa lens toric ndalakhela iziqulathi eziyimfuneko. Ngokubeka lens enjalo iliso ngokusebenzisa namanqaku ekhethekileyo ilens, umguli unakho ukufikelela umfanekiso ezicacileyo.

Ukufakelwa imifuziselo ezinjalo ibandakanya ubalo ngqo phambi uqhaqho. Kuba isigulane ngasinye, ukuba yenziwa qho ngamnye.

Izimvo izigulana astigmatism, zibonisa ukuba umzila womzekelo toric kuzisa iziphumo ezingcono. Izigulane ezininzi emva kotyando zibonisa ukuba umbono wabo yacaca ngoko ngayo nkqu kwiminyaka omncinane.

lens ezininzi toric

A Inani IOL uqukumbela modeli ezininzi toric. Ukuba isigulane unesifo astigmatism, kwaye ufuna ukubona kakuhle ngokufanayo akufuphi mgama, ngoko oko kubonisa umzila weli hlobo. Oku kuvumela ilens ukubuyisela umbono. Kwi efanayo amanqaku ixesha isigulane akudingeki. Yeyona uhlobo lens kuyabiza.

UV okucoca IOL qanda, bhlowu

Lens endalo iliso unendlela eyodwa yokhuselo, evalela i kwimitha eyingozi kwelanga. Oku kuthintela umonakalo retina iliso. zamehlo Modern ibandakanya ukuvelisa zonke iindidi IOLs lokucoca yelanga.

imifuziselo ezizodwa lens anemibala ngombala omthubi ukufikelela ukufana ubuninzi kunye lens yendalo. Ezi izihluzi ukukhanya eziyingozi blue, leyo inxalenye engabonakaliyo zazo.

AcrySof IQ

AcrySof IQ lens Intelligent kukuba nasekubalungiseni aberration ungqukuva (ubukho ilitha, zinesangqa, ukukhanya) ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo. Loo ongumzekelo ukunika umbono ogqibeleleyo naziphi na iimeko zokukhanya. Le lens ultra-ezingcakacileyo (kabini sokurhuqa kunesiqhelo).

Xa umbindi lens aqhelekileyo sokurhuqa ngaphezu emacaleni. Kungenxa imiqadi ukukhanya wabadluli kwindawo yayo peripheral, ukugxila retina nakwimitha esembindini - kuyo. Ekubeni reyi ukukhanya zijolise akukho ngaxa linye. Ngenxa yoko, umfanekiso kwi retina engacacanga.

lens Intraocular AcrySof IQ ishenxisa le ngxaki. kumphezulu wayo emuva ziyilwe ngendlela evumela yonke imiqadi ukukhanya kuhlangana kwi ndawo enye. Image enikezelwa kule modeli, umgangatho ophezulu ekumgangatho, uthelekiso kunye nokucaca ngalo naliphi na ixesha lemini.

Ukufakwa ne cataract lens intsumpa

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umzila we lens intraocular yi phacoemulsification cuke na ukusetyenziswa degree encinane lobungozi kwizigulane. Lithe inqanaba eliphezulu ngobuchule. Phantse 95% cataract eYurophu, eUnited States ilizwe lethu isusiwe ngale ndlela.

I-World Health Organization iye yayiqwalasela ukusebenza kuphela zonke iinkqubo zotyando, leyo iyayahlula i kwimo ngokupheleleyo.

Yintoni na le nto yokungenelela steel?

Isiseko kotyando cataract na ukususwa ilens crystalline ngaphaya kwawo, nto leyo ethintela ukuhamba ngokupheleleyo lukhanyiselo retina. lens ezingezizo intraocular sithatha lens eyonakeleyo yendalo.

Eyona engundoqo izigaba umzila

Uninzi lwemisebenzi phacoemulsification lwenziwa kwiiklinikhi zabucala, zezigulana. Amanqanaba kwamalungiselelo ahlinzwe phantse efanayo yonke indawo;

• Ngeyure phambi kokuba kuqale ukusebenza isigulane kufuneka beze ekliniki.
• Ukuze andise umfundi wakhe bamngcwaba amathontsi equlethe iintlungu.
• Le isigulane kubekwa phezu kwetafile yokusebenza. Le anesthesiologist yenza zomzimba.
• Ugqirha asusa cataract kanye lens ingenisa.
• Olu tyando akudingi yaseZimbabwe.
• Emva kotyando, isigulane kwakhona kwiNdlu.
• Iyure emva kokuba utyando isigulane sithunyelwa ekhaya.
• Ngosuku olulandelayo, isigulane kufuneka batyelele kwagqirha.

Njengokuba lo msebenzi

Ukuze ufumane ufikelelo inwebu kuqhutywa liqatywe ngemikroskopu 1.8 mm ubude. lens ingqongwe yi wathamba ngokusebenzisa ultrasound kwaye uzimilisa emulsion, nto leyo ingakhutshwa kuphela iliso. Le philisi yaziswa nge ngemehlo injector bhetyebhetye intraocular. Yena engena iliso ngohlobo ngemibhobho, apho ujikela kunye nikholosile.

liqatywe obungabonakaliyo elizayo ivaliwe ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa lwangaphandle. Ngoko ke, lo suture kule meko ayikho imfuneko. Vision kwisigulana ubuyisela njengoko umthetho, kwigumbi yokusebenza.

Ubude msebenzi imizuzu eli-10-15. Xa oku isicelo zomzimba idriphu leyo ukunyamezeleka lula kwaye ayinalo umthwalo ezitsheni intliziyo negazi. Emva kotyando isigulane ngokukhawuleza watshintshela kwisingqi eqhelekileyo yobomi. Izithintelo sakugcina. Baya becala zinxulumene lwezempilo.

period kwimo

Emva kotyando, ugqirha simisela amathontsi amehlo nomonde kwaye imisela rhoqo lokusetyenziswa kwazo. Kwakhona yabeka umhla uhlolo ezongezelelweyo njengenyathelo umbala. Isigulane uvumelekile ukuba ugcine indlela yakhe eqhelekileyo, ukufunda, ukubhala, umsebenzi kwi khompyutha, ubukele umabonwakude, geza, uhlale, ulale phantsi kwindawo ekhululekile. Uthintelo yokudla nayo ayisekho.

Yintoni ukuntsonkotha ukusebenza?

Umzila we lens intraocular sele ngokuntsokotha ethile ibuthumileyo iimfuno eziphakamileyo ukuchaneka ukubala kunye nokukhethwa imodeli lens, kunye nomsebenzi nobungcali le zamehlo. Kungenxa yoko le meko ibalulekileyo phambi kokuba usebenzo kwesifo ngokupheleleyo. Kuphela uvavanyo olunzulu olwenziwe lonke uluhlu lwezixhobo mihla, yenza kube lula ukufumana nembono Injongo imeko yesigulane.

buhle

Cuke phacoemulsification cataract kwahluka inzaliseko wachitha kule minyaka zobuchwepheshe. Olu tyando lwenziwa ngexeshana elifutshane. Isigulana umntu aziva ekhululekile kwaye ikhuselekile. Nangona kunjalo, kuba ingqiqo yokuntlokothiswa enjalo sikufanele isakhono eliphezulu umqhubi kunye Njengesitshetshe sokuguya iindevu esiloliweyo inkqubo mbutho.

Izinto eziluncedo iphambili yale utyando ziquka:

• inkululeko epheleleyo seengxangxasi;
• ekufezekiseni iimpawu ezibonwayo phezulu;
• ibuyambo ekhawulezileyo ze isigulane;
• kungekho miqobo physical nezibonwayo umthwalo ngoncedo indlela ingenamthungo;
• ubuhlungu kuba ilens akukho kwalapho;
• edlula ukululama ekhawulezayo, emva kweveki, ungaya ukuba umsebenzi;
• ukuthobela imiqathango inyanga;
• a umbala lens okupasa umahluko.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba Inyathelo

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba ungenelelo ngotyando inokuba naliphi na inqanaba cataract. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo ukuba baqhube utyando ngohlobo akuqolanga cataract, ivumela umsebenzi ngaphandle umngcipheko.

Kuba isigulane, kukwayinto entle plus enkulu: akukho mfuneko ukuba ulinde de epheleleyo amehlo ubumfama, njengoko kwakunjalo ngaphambili. Ukususwa turbidity sikwinqanaba lokuqala zesi sifo ukunciphisa iingxaki ebudeni kutyando koko.

iingxaki emva kotyando

Kule enkulu uninzi phacoemulsification umzila lens intraocular, nemiqulu eselugcinwe ephethwe oogqirha abaziingcali kufuneka ukuba ayaphumelela. Ukuba ugqirha ke wabaqalayo, ngo-10-15% yamatyala iingxaki zixeliwe.

Baya ezinokubangelwa:

• imposiso nemisipha lens;
• udityaniso cataract seswekile, glaucoma kunye ukubona;
• ukubakhona kwezifo iliso eqhelekileyo.

Iingxaki zotyando ziquka:

• umonakalo kwenwebu ngokusebenzisa ultrasound;
• phula ingqibelelo nemisipha lens;
• uqhekeko le philisi lens, ibangela ukulahleka vitreous;
• offset lens yokufakelwa, njl ..

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke iingxaki ezivela kotyando, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu. Unyango kulo mzekelo kuya kuba rhoqo, kwaye kungabi ilunge kakhulu isiphumo.

Ukususa lens

Ngamanye amaxesha ngethuba lenkqubo yokukrala okanye iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kwiretina kufuna ukususwa lens intraocular. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, vitrectomy iyonke eyenziwa IOL. Ilens ithinjwa iperi amashiya siqhubekele phambili. Sclerostomy ukuqaliswa kwe endo-illuminator igutyungelwe isiciko. Oogqirha ukuba enze imbobo kwi inwebu esebenzisa isikere kunye ukutyabeka kwedayimani. IOLs ukuze abamba ngugqirha evela kwezinye forceps 25g, umzekelo, 20G forceps kunye ezinomlomo wedayimane.

Emva kokuba liqatywe lens sutured eqinileyo okanye X-ezimile wenayiloni suture № 10-0. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo sokurhuqa kuba umthungo yi ngokubonakala ngaphantsi kwe astigmatism, kodwa ifuna isilumkiso kakhulu njengoko emngciphekweni omkhulu ukuvuza ngokusebenzisa umthungo ngexesha nokwenza izinto.

Ngamanye amaxesha, le IOL liyasuswa phambi inwebu fibrovascular nto leyo ngenxa ukwanda fibrovascular ngaphambili esekelwe vitreous ngenxa lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba, okanye uveitis. Loo inkqubo Ingabizwa kunye seswekile.

Kulo mzekelo, amacandelo haptic yendlela yokwenza imigca iwela isikere, kodwa ukuze kugcinwe ubunzulu gumbi akudala, isicelo viscoelastic.

Haptics ingagcinwa em- ocular ukuba singqongwe capsule ezinezikhondo kwaye ukuba kususwa kunye amashiya. Ukwandisa yobunzima lenxeba lisetyenziswa beentanda eziliqela ezimilise-X. Used monoiflemnaya inombolo intambo 9-0 okanye 10-0.

Indlela abenzi IOL ekhethwayo?

Indlela ukukhetha iilensi intraocular? Abavelisi amele uluhlu olubanzi iimodeli ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukwanda loyamano phakic lens ICL (STAAR, CIBA Vision) ngekhamera diff.

Le mizekelo kuxhomekeke umzila lens phambi iris nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza eliphezulu okubonakalayo. Ukuba oyifunayo, lenses ezinjalo zisuswe iliso ngaphandle kokuphazamisa nokwakheka kwayo.

reviews

lens Intraocular, nto leyo kwakhona mihle, ukuba nibe ngabantu abaninzi, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo siya kuphela ukubuyisa umbono elilahlekileyo.

Ingxelo evela kwizigulane, ultrasound cataract phacoemulsification kunye IOL umzila yindlela esebenzayo kakhulu, ekhuselekileyo kunye elingenabuhlungu ukuba ungafumana lahlani bonke cataract kunye nokuqinisekisa umbono ogqibeleleyo. I IOL kwaba intuthuko wokwenene unyango kwamehlo.