Umbhali American Donna Tartt: engobomi, ubuchule, iincwadi kunye nohlaziyo. Le ncwadi "Imfihlelo History," Donna Tartt: inkcazelo kunye nohlaziyo

Umbhali Contemporary American Donna Tartt iminyaka 25 umsebenzi wakhe, ubhale onke zontathu iinoveli. Kodwa yonke incwadi yaba ngokuthe chu isiganeko kweli lemfundo.

umbhali ngobomi bomntu

Umbhali Future Donna Tartt wazalelwa kwidolophu encinane Greenwood e- Mississippi. Yena wazalwa ngoDisemba 23, 1963. Sele kwiminyaka emihlanu, le ntombazana wabhala umbongo wakhe wokuqala. Lo mntwana waba nomdla uncwadi ngokunyaniseka. Ayimangalisi into yokuba emva kokuphumelela wagqiba ukufumana imfundo philological Donna Tartt.

Ngowe-1986 yena izidanga kwi Bennington College Vermont. Iminyaka eliqela yena besoma aziwa ubuchule bakhe bokubhala ngokufunda zonke iinkalo ulwimi IsiNgesi. Konke oku kwenziwa kuba Donna uphumezo kuphela iphupha - ukuba abe ngumbhali.

inoveli bt

Ngowe-1992, Donna Tartt ekugcineni yanyatheliswa inoveli yakhe yokuqala esihloko sithi "Imfihlelo History." Uhlelo lokuqala wakhululwa-mali ka-75 lamawaka iikopi, nto leyo inani elikhulu ngokungaqhelekanga zeencwadi abanomnqweno ababhali. Kodwa umshicileli zange ngabom afake imali yabo. Uhlelo lokuqala ithengiswe phandle ngoko nangoko, kodwa abaphulaphuli ifuna ngakumbi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le ncwadi iguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezingama-24. Uye zanikezelwa kubafundi ehlabathini lonke. ERashiya, inoveli lwapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1999.

Yintoni isimanga kangaka wabhala Donna Tartt? "Xihundla Imbali" na isakhiwo engaqhelekanga. Le ngxelo iqala kunye nesiphelo sebali. Kuba umfundi yinto iinkcukacha kubalulekile, kuba le ncwadi - kumcuphi okubulala ebonakala Classic ukusombulula ulwaphulo-mthetho. Kodwa bonke akukho lula njengoko kubonakala xa efika kuqala.

Nangona umbhali nangoko adize iinkcukacha zakhe ngumbulali, yonke umcimbi wehlela ukufunda ukuba ayicacanga indlela wajika kakuhle iziganeko hundzeke ezenzeka ekuqaleni le ncwadi yachaza ntlekele.

ophambili

Umlinganiswa oyintloko ngu uRichard Peypin. Kule ukufunda ubuntu kunye nesimilo mfana ingakumbi kudala wasebenza Donna Tartt. "Xihundla Imbali" ubalisa ibali umfana kweshumi elinethoba. Ufuna ukuya kwiyunivesithi eyaziwayo, kodwa nentsapho yakhe ezininzi iingxaki zemali. Kunjalo, uRichard ufumana isibonelelo ukufunda kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo eVermont (kweli yelenqe imida Donna Tartt wathabatha kancinane ngobomi bakhe).

A uhlobo indawo endingayi kubuya ukuba umlinganiswa ophambili bafika umzuzu xa efumanisa ukuba ubukho kukho iqela elincinane labafundi babezimisele ukufunda isiGrike. Ukwenza ukwazi kubo babe ingxaki yonke yesiqwenga eso, luvuthondaba apho isiphelo le ncwadi iqala.

Iimpawu "Imfihlelo Imbali"

Ingaba a non-standard kunye nesimbo mfanekiso, owandinyulayo Donna Tartt. umbhali Book, bekusoloko kukho ukugcwaliswa engaqhelekanga. Xa bt Donna Tartt wagqiba ukunxibelelana nomfundi usebenzisa kwimbali yobomi yokuqala, nombhali apho umlinganiswa ophambili. URichard ukhumbula isiganeko ngathi othwala okuvelayo zakhe ephepheni.

Umbhali uye wafaka yonke italente yakhe, kangangoko oku kunokwenzeka ukuba ndibhaptize umfundi ehlabathini yenoveli. Le angakwazi nangoko kwaye odumileyo Donna Tartt. "Xihundla Imbali" ... Reviews Reader ngale ncwadi kunye nohlaziyo abahlalutyi abaziingcali ukuvumela ukwenza uluvo, ukuba eneneni abaphulaphuli inikelwa kungekhona inoveli kodwa uhlobo idayari ophambili. URichard ngokwenene akukho inyala ohambisana okungekho zakhe namava ezinxulumene ekuqaleni isifundo elide-elindelwe kwi-University of eVermont.

ngesakhiwo isishwankathelo

Xa isangqa ka Richard ivela abahlobo abahlanu. Baya kwahluka enye kwenye umlinganiswa, eyenza ibali umdla ngakumbi kubabetha kuphela. Francis - umfana ezichukumisayo yothando. Henry unfazed yaye kwangaxeshanye ome. Bunny - humorist nomphefumlo yenkampani. Le yokugqibela ezimbini - amawele Camilla noCharles.

Yena nabahlobo kunye nomcebisi - unjingalwazi kunye nomfundisi ulwimi yesiGrike Julian. Wayesikhuthalele ehlabathini mandulo abantwana. Imbali impucuko yamandulo yaseYurophu yaba umxholo ukuba wayemthanda Donna Tartt. iingcali ukubuyekeza inoveli yakhe bt, ezele indumiso. Ngokutsho kubo: "Imfihlelo Imbali" - yinto fiction enkulu kuphela obugcisa, kodwa isikhokelo inkcubeko yamandulo, izele, ndinako weemfihlelo. Nkqu isihloko yenoveli - kubhekiswa umsebenzi eponymous ye umkhumbuzi yaseByzantium kwenkulungwane VI.

umphumela

Abafundi banike kuloo bume ngokukaTau, nto leyo ke iphefumlelwe uNjingalwazi uJulian. Ngelo banegugu ethile ngongoma iphume kolawulo. abahlobo abane akuhlaselwa inzondelelo ukubulala abanye yesihlanu kunye yesithandathu ibe lingqina engalindelekanga mthetho. Apha iqala Okwenziwayo yenoveli kunye waqalwa yayo.

Kulo msebenzi, nomcuphi zixutywe ngokupheleleyo Thriller kunye na usiphongomisile. Zonke ezi ntlobo sithandwa yaye wayefuna ukubonakalisa kwincwadi enye Donna Tartt. "Xihundla Imbali", nto leyo kwakhona ukukhuthaza ukufunda uguqulelo epheleleyo imveliso, - ayikho nje ukufunda eyonwabisayo. Yinto kumnandi! Iikhomenti zezi zilandelayo: le ncwadi ithe yaleswa kwenye umoya. Othile wabiza inoveli "Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye Ukohlwaya" ukuze i-North American isitayile. Abantu abaninzi bayavuma ukuba nangona yokuba le ncwadi izele usingiselo, iingcaphulo iincwadi zamaGrike amandulo kunye nezinye iindlela postmodern waqonda ngokulula itekisi, ngenxa ngokuyinxenye kukuba indlela eyibhalela lula. Kukho abo thelekisa zokufunda ukubukela imovie kwi movie, ngoko wabonakalisa ngokucacileyo ezenzeka iziganeko kunye nabalinganiswa, iimvakalelo zabo, ilahle, neenkanuko ... Ngokutsho abalandeli umbhali, inoveli ifuze sebali nokuba bhanya yehlelo ngqo ngu Hitchcock, apho aku- ngesiquphe baphulukana nobomi babo okanye ubungqina iziganeko ezoyikekayo.

"Little Friend"

Donna Tartt eyaziwa yokuba, ngokungafaniyo abaninzi oogxa bethu, kunqabile ipapasha iincwadi ezintsha. Iinoveli kunye igama lakhe eseqweqweni kuvela ivenkile ezishelifini kwiminyaka 10-11. Kanye ngethuba emva kokukhutshwa "Imfihlelo Imbali" Umbhali zomsebenzi laphela indalo yabo entsha. Yayibizwa ngokuba "ngumhlobo omncinane" kwaye yapapashwa ngo-2002.

Ngokungafaniyo imisebenzi ezidlulileyo, kukho ibali umgca eliqhelekileyo, nto leyo ehambisana inoveli xa uhlobo (kwaye kuquka "Imfihlelo Imbali" bt). Yaye izinto zokuphanda esibalisayo, xa uqala, eyona nto ibalulekileyo, ngokuhamba kwexesha, zonke ziba ubala. Ngoko ke singatsho kakuhle ukuba umbhali ugqibe ukuvavanya ngokwakhe njengomlinganiso ezitsha zobuciko. Ngaloo isigqibo yombhali guess uthando ukuba abantu balinge, nto leyo rhoqo Donna Tartt. "Little omnye," uthatha umfundi ekuqaleni 70s.

Umlinganiswa oyintloko yintombazana uHarriet encinane. kungekudala walahlekelwa umzalwana wakhe, wafa phantsi kweemeko ezibuhlungu. Esi siganeko - kuphela isandulela inoveli, koko kubhaliweyo yi Donna Tartt. "Little Friend" - incwadi obalisa ibali malunga nokusombulula le ulwaphulo-mthetho (njengoko eziqhelekileyo amabali zokucupha), kwaye ukubonisa umntwana ekhula kwiimeko ezibuhlungu.

Ukukhula uHarriet

usapho uHarriet yenza konke ukuyisusa kwiingozi zehlabathi ngaphandle, sele kwabulawa umzalwana wakhe. Ngenxa yoko, intombazana kufuneka bakhule emizalwaneni abagulayo yenkampani. Donna Tartt, njengesiqhelo, enenkcukacha kwaye ngobungcali wachaza amava umlinganiswa kuyo kwinoveli, ukuba kudandalazisa isiphumo ezingenangqondo into eyenzekayo kule ncwadi kuphela.

UHarriet ngamandla eyayifakwe kwihlabathi zabo tight kancinane, ezama ukufumana indlela yokuphuma amandla abantwana ukwazi. Ekugqibeleni, igqiba kwelokuba ndiqalise uphando ukufa umnakwabo. Kodwa eyona nto iphambili nokude encwadini. Kude kufika ngexesha xa intombazana lukhule azifumana ekuyo ubuso ngobuso kunye nehlabathi ngaphandle kakhulu, ukusuka apho wazifihla izalamane esoyika. Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi nazo kunganxulunyaniswa uhlobo kwinoveli lemfundo okanye inoveli yokukhula. Ukususela ngosuku lokuqala ukuya kwiphepha lokugqibela yencwadi Donna Tartt ngobuchule ibonisa indlela umntwana yangaphakathi uyafa uHarriet, ngubani kwafuneka ukujamelana neengxaki engalindelekanga ngaphandle kwekhaya ezimnandi kunye neencwadi kunye memory ngumzalwana wemka.

"Goldfinch"

Eyesithathu kunye nombhali inoveli yokugqibela namhlanje - "Goldfinch" - yapapashwa US ngo-2013 (yaye kamva wabonakala ngonyaka translation ezikumgangatho ophezulu in Russian). Ukuba eli xesha wanika abafundi bayo Donna Tartt? "Goldfinch" Review kwakhona ngolangazelelo olukhulu. Ukuphonononga kunye ngezandla ezishushu oluntu bathi umbhali American kwakhona iphumelele yimpumelelo kakuhle yayibafanele. Ingakumbi, le ncwadi waphumelela yodumo owazuza Prize ngo-2014.

Umbhali wakhetha igama njengoko kukhankanywa indlu umzobo Yaduma igcisa Dutch kwinkulungwane XVII. Mizobo ngu Karel Fabritius idlala indima ebalulekileyo bayahlelwa ophambili komnye Romana Tartt.

Ngokutsho ibali, Theo DECKER wabuyela ezingqondweni emva kokuba dubulo anomngcipheko Metropolitan Museum of Art - enye ezinika aphambili abantu ngokokwamasiko nezithethe of New York. Ukubhubha indoda endala wamnika lo msesane, kwaye kanye umfanekiso Fabricius kunye imiyalelo zakusa ngaphandle kwesakhiwo. Ngoku, ubuthwele kufuneka ukuba akhethe into yokwenza ngelaphu odumileyo. Ukuze wenze oku ke kuya kufuneka ukuba batyelele iindawo ezininzi zehlabathi - ukusuka Holland ukuya ukungcakaza e Las Vegas.

Kule ncwadi, ukuba isethi ubuchule bakhe wobugcisa owuthandayo Donna Tartt wabuya. "Goldfinch" (iirivyu olungumxube inoveli, kodwa uninzi kusafuneka umlinganiswa positive) yenza nomvakalelo womoya onamandla. Umfundi unalo ithuba ukubona indlela ukutshintsha ezenzeka ebantwini, elivisayo xa eshiya ngaphandle izihlobo zakhe. Street, uluntu lwale mihla kunye neenyaniso zayo ezimbi ... Apho ingenza ikamva? Umntu akazange azamkele inoveli: Yintoni kungaba bhetele xa inkcazo lokuba wayelikhoboka? Ewe, lo mbono, bathi, umdla, kodwa isicefe ibali ethile liqiniswe ngumfanekiso Wazimisela bulumko neempikiswano elide. Umntu yanikelwa ukuba undoqo, ukuba iincam lezikhonkwane. Amagqabantshintshi lokugqibela ingashwankathelwa ngale ndlela ilandelayo: a incwadi elungileyo, nzulu, ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ebhalwe ukukhanya, unomdla ngeelwimi.

Enoba lwalunjani, impumelelo intengiso kubonisa ukuba indlela ezinomahluko umbhali American isekhona zifunwa phakathi uluntu ukufunda kulo lonke ihlabathi.