Lithuania - lwemali. Litas Lithuanian. Litas Lithuanian euro (exchange rate)

Lithuania - phakathi kwamazwe kunye nembali kakhulu umdla. Akukho inkqubo kangako alucelomngeni lokusekwa lwemali yesizwe kaRhulumente - Litas.

Lithuania: Finance and History

Lithuania, njengokuba usazi, kukho imbali inzima kakhulu lasungulwa kunye nophuhliso. KumaXesha Aphakathi, ummandla Lithuania mihla baba yinxalenye karhulumente enamandla - i-Grand Duchy of Lithuania, leyo ke zadityaniswa umanyano nomnye ngamandla amakhulu - Rzeczpospolita. Kodwa kwicandelo ekupheleni le ngurhulumente ngenkulungwane ye-18 emva kwexesha, ummandla Lithuania intsha yathathwa Russia. Ruble waba lwemali ezisemthethweni kula mazwe.

Ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, ummandla Lithuania waxineka yi yiJamani. Utshintsho kunye nenkqubo yendawo imali - abasemagunyeni umsebenzi sazisa imali entsha ekwimo engange empumalanga waseJamani. ngenxa yobunzima inamandla kwezopolitiko nemfazwe By, uBukhosi Russian disintegrates ngo-1917-18. Lithuania iba ezimeleyo.

Kwiminyaka yokuqala lophuhliso ozimeleyo urhulumente lweBaltic iyaqhubeka ukusebenzisa German Ostruble. Ababhali-mbali ziye zabhala ngeendibano iintlawulo yorhwebo-mali kwamanye amazwe. Ukungaqiniseki entsimini semali ejikeleza kuye kwanyanzeleka abasemagunyeni izitshintshe. Kwakhona, utshintsho kwindlela yogcino i negalelo kwintlekele post-imfazwe. Inyathelo lokuqala yaba ukuqaliswa utshintsho yamanqaku German (in "auksinas" Lithuanian). Le ntwazana esetyenziswa ekubaleni imali ngempumelelo. Kodwa kungekudala kwezoqoqosho karhulumente mfana wangena ixesha emali (ngasendleleni, nakuninzi post-imfazwe iJamani ishishini entle kakhulu kuqoqosho, nokwadala ikhondo uphawu). Ukwenza iintlawulo kwi imeko lonke ixesha liphuma ixabiso lwemali yaba nzima.

Njengoko wabonakala iyanyamalala ontunyekwe

Ipalamente Lithuanian yamkela isisombululo olukhulu. Abasemagunyeni baye bagqiba - xa kukho Lithuania ezimeleyo, imali kufuneka kwakhona nelayo. Ngo-1922 kwakukho Central State Bank, yaye phantse nangoko iyunithi yayo yemali yaziswa kweli lizwe - ovuthayo Imeko yezoqoqosho nto nganye ezinga malungu abantu.

I brand German iye endaweni ngempumelelo maka. An into umdla kukuba ibhanki ithi, ngokungqinelana ne-Central Bank of Lithuania nkqubo ungcoliseko, hayi epapashwe kweli lizwe, njengoko eNgilani okanye Germany. Noko ke, e Lithuania, zavelisa imali kuphela. Ngowe-1939, urhulumente lweBaltic kwakhona ulahlekile inkululeko yawo, ukujoyina i-USSR. Kwaye bafaka lwemali Lithuania: le engange kunye kopecks kwakhona kwafuneka ukuba uqhele i Balts.

Zikhanyiswe kwakhona ejikeleza

Emva kokuba iziganeko 80 kweye-- ekuqaleni-90 Lithuania kwakhona kwakhona ukuba njengombuso ozimeleyo azishiye engange, njengoko bafumana abezoqoqosho abaninzi kunye izazinzulu zezopolitiko, ngelona xesha, ukuba ukugxininisa ukuzimisela ukuba zilandele umgaqo ezimeleyo kwezoqoqosho. Noko ke, kamsinya nje kwezopolitiko lavela Lithuania ezimeleyo, lwemali lizwe zange iphunyezwe ngoko nangoko.

ukubuya Eziluncedo Litas Yayikhokelwe "amatikiti jikelele", maxa wambi ekuthethwa ngabantu 'vagnorki "(ukuba yazalisekiswa nxaxheba ngqo Prime Minister Gediminas Vagnorius). Kuphela ngo-1993, i-Litas babuya ngemali ukuhamba ithi lweBaltic. Baya Ndaqalisa ukufaka "vagnorki" ngomlinganiselo 100 ukuya 1. Kuba ixesha elithile le "amatikiti jikelele" kunye LTL baba iindlela ezilingana intlawulo kummandla Lithuania.

Engamaphepha kunye imali Lithuania

IZALATHISO - Lithuanian ukuba nanto kwamanye amazwe hlobo, kodwa iqulathe, ngathi dollar ka 100 eesenti. Ngoku ke imali kwegazi kukho yamaphepha kunye ixabiso eliyimali le ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka Litas-1 ukuya 200. Ezivenkileni Lithuanian inokufumaneka amanqaku omnye series ezimbini - abo ezibe zenziwe phambi 1997 kunye nabo emva. Kodwa ziyafana kakhulu. Ngo-2007, bekukho zahlaziywa amatyala ekhuselekileyo ngakumbi ngomgunyathi.

On amahlelo Litas for Lithuania ibonisa iziganeko angumqondiso yembali, abezopolitiko ezaziwayo-kakuhle kunye namanani yenkcubeko, ezikhumbuzo kunye nezakhiwo bokwakha. State Mint uvelisa, ukongeza LTL eqhelekileyo, nayo iisampulu zenkolo zokubhiyizela uMdyarho engamaphepha yesizwe. ngqekembe eSwitzerland ukusuka aluminiyamu, yobhedu-aluminiyamu, cupronickel, nobhedu nendibaniselwano zesinyithi ziqulathe amatye anqabileyo (igolide, isiliva).

Izifundo zemali yesikhumbuzo kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ezazikhutshwe iingqekembe zanikezelwa isiganeko ebalulekileyo - xa Lithuania wayetyelele John Paul II. Kwabakho uthotho eziinkozo kubalwa imbeko isikhumbuzo sama-60 ingxelo labaqhubi abaziwayo Lithuanian Girenas noDariyo, abo bayiwelayo i-Atlantic-moya.

ngerandi Litas

Kweli xesha nge-25 Juni 1993 de kuye ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 2002 lwemali kazwelonke Lithuanian waba isikhonkwane nzima kwi US lwemali. Litas Lithuanian kwi US dollar yathengiswa ngomlinganiselo we-4 ukuya 1. Ukususela ngoFebruwari ka-2002, nangona kunjalo, imali lweBaltic lwalunxityelelaniswe ngoku yaseYurophu enye. Izinga apho kwabathengisa Litas Lithuanian euro, yaba 3,4528 ukuya 1. Eli nani liye ukususela zahlala zilolo hlobo zazilulo.

ukulungiselela Lithuania ngenxa Ukuvuma Eurozone

In 2000 emva kwexesha, abasemagunyeni zemali Lithuania waqalisa ukwenza iinzame esebenzayo ukubuyisela lwemali kazwelonke yaseYurophu enye. Ukuze ufumane ngaphakathi uluhlu enye lwemali yehlabathi zinamandla --euro - ngaxeshanye akuyondlwan 'iyanetha. Kufuneka ukuba athobele le ebizwa ngokuba yi-criteria Maastricht, phantsi apho inkcitho-mali lizwe kufuneka ingadluli kwengeniso ngaphezu kwe-3% of GDP ngonyaka, yaye ityala likarhulumente - hayi ngaphezulu kwe-60% ye-GDP. Ukunyuka kuqoqosho akufunekanga ibe ngaphezulu kwe-1.5% xa kuthelekiswa nomyinge engumfuziselo amazwe amathathu endaweni euro, ebonakala ngu ukukhula kunazo amaxabiso.

amanyathelo malunga euro Lithuania wenze ekuqaleni kuka-2014, xa abasemagunyeni zemali Isicwangciso siqulunqwe ilizwe apho ukuzibandakanya qhinga Eurozone kufuneka luphunyezwe kumanqanaba eziliqela.

Bekucingelwa ukuba entwasahlobo ka-2014 iingcaphephe emazweni EU, nto leyo eyinxalenye ye-Eurozone, ukuhlola inkqubela kulungiselelwa Lithuania ekuqalisweni lwemali olulodwa Yurophu, uqoqosho Baya kucalula ukulungela bazalisekise ezi zinto Maastricht. Kwimeko uvavanyo omhle ngoomahlulelane baseYurophu, igama lokugqibela ebeyinalo Balts, yonke into kwakuxhomekeke yokuba Lithuania ngokwayo iya kuthi imali ufanele esakhe, okanye ungangenisa Eurozone.

Iimpikiswano ngokuchasene indawo euro

izimvo Ingcaphephe malunga amathemba ukulawula Lithuania ukuba i-Eurozone eyahlukileyo. Abanye abahlalutyi babekholelwa ukuba eli nyathelo - irhashalala, ekhala ukuba uqoqosho yaseYurophu kusenjalo yengxakeko engeneyo. Ukongeza, kukholelwa abaxhasi lo mbono, uhlanganiso ngaphakathi kwindawo yeyuro unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka ulongamo kwezoqoqosho Lithuania. Umzekelo amanye amazwe ukuba ngoku yinxalenye euro, kodwa akakwazi ukuqhuba umgaqo wayo wemali, siyakuqinisekisa, ngokutsho abahlalutyi, le ithisisi.

Lithuania, njengokuba ezinye iingcali zikholelwa, bekuya kuba sengqiqweni ukuba anikele ingqalelo Czech Republic: lizwe a nge elidluleyo post-eSoviet, kuba yinxalenye ye-EU, ngokunjalo Lithuania. Zemali Kwakhona eli lizwe Slavic yawo, kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo uzimele - ke ibhanki engundoqo yesizwe.

A Inani iingcali bezibuza isakhono kuqoqosho Lithuanian ukumelana iikhrayitheriya Maastricht on kwamaxabiso. Theses baba ukuba abasemagunyeni zemali inokuzibona zamntu ukunciphisa amanani, nangona uluntu Lithuanian waqinisekiswa ukuba asebenzise iindlela ezinjalo.

Iingxoxo Eurozone

Noko ke, kukho uvavanyo okuhle ithemba ukulawula Lithuania eya Eurozone. Ezinye Osoqoqosho ziye zacebisa ukuba urhulumente uya kwamkela, nje, ulongamo kwezoqoqosho enkulu efanayo kunokuba kunjalo ngoku, xa Litas ibiqhotyoshelwe euro. Ngokutsho kwabo, emva kokuba amazwe ase abangena baya kufumana ithuba lokuba bathathe inxaxheba sokucwangciso izinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka kumgaqo-nkqubo i-European Central Bank emali.

Yintoni Ubeligweba Amaqabane aseYurophu?

Ngo-Julayi 2014 i-EU iBhunga labaPhathiswa yamkela isigqibo - ukuvumela Lithuania ukuba bangene kwindawo euro nge-1 Januwari 2015. Ntoni ngexesha nokutshintshwa kumazwe eBaltic kwi-euro kufuneka izinga lotshintshiselwano? Litas Lithuanian ngoku neemeko-euro kwi umlinganiselo iiyunithi 3,4528 ukuya 1. Kwaye eli khondo, kwagqitywa ukulungisa. Lithuania, ngaloo ndlela, uba owayesakuba republic eSoviet sesithathu kummandla lweBaltic, ilandelwe yi-Estonia kunye Latvia, phantsi euro ezandulelayo.