EKharkov ibhayisekile mveliso - imbali, iimveliso kunye namanqaku anika umdla

EKharkov bicycle mveliso yasekwa abarhwebi Russian malunga 130 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Phambi kokuba revolution, Happy mveliso babizwa 'Russian ", wayithenga isebe lomkhosi umkhosi, kwaye inkampani ukwazisa ngobuchwepheshe, benenjongo bugqithe zaseYurophu aphumelele kwiimeko ezininzi. Kumaxesha Soviet, iphupha zonke ngeebhayisikile babe brand ibhayisekile "Ukraine". Namhlanje isityalo uvelisa imodeli Happy mihla.

Riga ngcungela

EKharkov bicycle mveliso evela amaxesha Tsarist Russia. Ngowe-1889, i-Russian yabarhwebi A. A. Leytner wavula mveliso encinane ukuveliswa entsha, ngokukhawuleza waba iteknoloji njengefashoni e Riga - ibhayisekile. Ekuqaleni, abasebenzi ibe abasebenzi abathathu kuphela kwaye umnini ngokwakhe, ovulela Bikes "isigcawu" uhlobo. Ngokuthe ngcembe, imveliso iye yaphuhliswa. merit Leitner kaThixo usendleleni yokuba nje ngumrhwebi oyinyaniso, wafuna ukunika umthengi kunye imveliso egqwesileyo kwaye wayesazi lukhulu ngayo.

Alexander Leitner wayengumntu iimpawu mkhulu ngusomashishini kunye nolwazi yoyilo yinjineli. Njengelungu le-Board of Riga ukukhwela ibhayisikile zoluntu, wayetyelela imiboniso kumazwe ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi kwaye ulandele sezipho kwimarike ibhayisekile le. Fashion ikhula ukuba uhlobo olutsha lwe zothutho: endaweni i "isigcawu" ngumsina beza uhlobo imodeli "Safed". Kangangexesha elide, iimveliso athunyelwa kuphela emazweni ambalwa, nawayenxuse imveliso, leyo sele igama layo - 'Russian ".

Ngowe-1896, le mveliso uthatha inxaxheba All-Russian Exhibition esenzeka Nizhny Novgorod. Yima iimveliso Leitner, eliquka imifuziselo elinambini iibhayisekile, zaqhutywa. Kweli nqanaba, imveliso likhuphe nezihloko 15 ezindleleni racing wokuhamba. UMnu Leitner wafumana imbasa kwi mboniso, nto leyo umqondiso ingqalelo, waza wanceda ukuzisa imveliso ukuya kwinqanaba likazwelonke.

ukuze empini

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 le-mveliso "Russia" kukhutshwa manenekazi, amadoda, indlela, iilori, abantwana, iibhayisekile ababili. ibanga luquka iimodeli ngaphezu kwama-20. nkqubo lwentengo waba lwentando kuba bhayisekile yayixabisa malini engange-130, imifuziselo-isihlalo ezininzi zithe kuqikelelwa ukuba elibiza 450 engange. Leitner ngokwakhe wazisa ezintsha ngasemva uyilo kumkhono kwaye enelungelo wayila, nto leyo eye yaba yimpumelelo kakhulu, ngokubonelela iibhayisikile iingenelo yasekhaya phezulu ukukhuphisana kurhwebo lwehlabathi.

isebe Military Tsarist Russia uvakalelo sezipho, yaye ngowe-1913 le mveliso bafumana ukuze kuveliswe amawaka 1 amadoda ibhayisekile endleleni. odolo ziye wamvusa inkampani okurhafisa ukuya kwelona nqanaba liphezulu, ezithe azachaphazela kakuhle imali eseleyo imiyalelo mveliso. imali yonyaka Le nkampani iye yafikelela 400 lamawaka engange, wathi nani output iiyunithi 8000 ngonyaka ngamnye.

Ukusuka Riga ku eKharkov

Ngowe-1915, umgca ngaphambili badlula kufuphi Riga, kufuneka ngobungxamo kwamashishini ezibaluleke qhinga. July 24, 1915, onke amaziko zemveliso zadluliselwa eKharkov, xa kumasango-mveliso owayesakuba Gelferiks Okubuhlungu. Ku xwebhu kwindawo entsha ngo-1916, inkampani yaqala ukuvelisa emkhosini yokusonga ibhayisekile "leDux idabi." Ngokutsho inkampani basayina isivumelwano ehanjiswe elomkhosi 3000 ibhayisekile emkhosini.

De ibe yeyeNkanga ku-1917 mveliso Leitner wathumela ngaphambili 3600 models yokulwa. Nakule iphela ubukho umgca yemveliso wavelisa iibhayisikile ngaphezulu kwe 100,000, izikhokelo ngaphezu kwama-60. I-asethi zembali pre-revolution zenkampani imveliso ye izithuthuthu yokuqala, tricycles kunye neentlobo ezimbalwa iimoto.

emva kwempi

Emva kokuba revolution kunye ilizwe imfazwe ezichithakeleyo kwakufuneka izithuthi. Kwathi kanti, ibhayisekile - sikuzalise kwiinkalo zonke. Ngu ekuqaleni yeHlabathi yokuQala eRashiya, kwakukho ezimbini ezinkulu ibhayisekile umenzi - Moscow mveliso "leDux", ebudeni bemfazwe redeveloped ukuvelisa moya, kunye mveliso Leitner, ngobulumko bakhutshwe ku eKharkov. Kumaxesha pre-revolution lona Bikes malunga 25,000 ngonyaka eRashiya.

Ngo-1923 i-eKharkov ibhayisekile mveliso, ngoku obizwa Leitner, ubunzima obukhulu, wakhululwa izithuthi kuphela nje amawaka ambalwa ngonyaka ngamnye. Abasemagunyeni mzi isigqibo yokwandisa amandla emveliso nokuqokelela ibhayisekile kaRhulumente Plant ogama emva GI Petrovsky. Njengenxalenye yotshintsho izigaba zemveliso amandla zaye zadluliselwa isityalo esitsha, olwavelayo isebe kaloliwe. Le ndawo iyonke iquka iihektare ngaphezulu kwama-3.

Ngu ekuqaleni yokubuyiselwa isityalo zikarhulumente lalimalunga 50 abasebenzi abanamava, owaba nobutyebi zamava okusebenza. isakhiwo esisiseko lootitshala lasekwa kubo, iinkosi kunye Abafundisi baba ukufundisa wabaqalayo abasebenza kwi izixhobo non--kumlinganiselo. Ngo-1924 i-eKharkov ngebhayisekile mveliso akugqiba imveliso nyaka iibhayisekile ngaphezulu kwe-1 amawaka.

Ukwanda kwesantya kwimveliso

Kukho intetho ethi - "Imfuneko ngumama kwamamdla," elizifumana ngokupheleleyo ngesiqinisekiso ebomini. Kweli lizwe satshatyalaliswa babengenayo nayiphi izincedisi ukuba umba iibhayisikile, kodwa kukho izityalo ezininzi nempahla engafunwanga. Ngu reflection elula kunye nolwamkelo master isityalo esaqala ukusebenzisa IsiNgesi endaweni lezakhelo iincopho Cossack, lwahamba kummandla besityalo asebumelwaneni ukususela leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi.

Ngo-1926, ukuthengwa components basemzini-ezenziwe ziye zasekwa. Ukusuka England alahlwa intsimbi iityhubhu ingenamthungo, amatyathanga ibhayisekile, imixwayo neefeleni ebandayo, iikhemikhali kunye nezinto. Njengenxalenye yezinto ezifunekayo yayithengwe eJamani.

A isixa elaneleyo izinto eziphakamileyo-grade kunye nemijikelo imveliso bavunyelwe ukukhulula ibhayisekile yokuqala esemthethweni imveliso yayo, ogama "Ukraine". Kude 1927 the eKharkov ibhayisekile mveliso izixhobo endala ekhuphe phantse 12 lamawaka iibhayisikile kule modeli.

zishiye

EKharkov bicycle ifektri kuxhomekeke maxesha ngo-1929, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba bagqwese imveliso imifuziselo eziphuculweyo nokwandisa imveliso iimveliso wayigqiba lonyaka. De 1941, inkampani wavelisa Bikes malunga 1 yezigidi. Ukususela ekuqaleni impi zezityalo ungxamile, babalekela eBukhara, apho iiveki eziliqela liye kwakhona umjikelo imveliso, swi leemveliso ngaphambili.

Ngenxa utshintsho kakhulu le meko ngaphambili kuye kwacaca ukuba ngeebhayisikile eKharkov sisityalo luphinda lubuyiselwe kubathathi-Ukraine. Ekwindla ka-1944 kwaqalisa inkqubo kwakhona ngobungxamo, kwasekuqaleni nje ekuqaleni konyaka ozayo, ubugcisa bemveliso esekwe-kwakhona lenkampani ukulungiselela iinjongo zomkhosi. NgoJuni 1945, isityalo yaqala ukuvelisa iimveliso emkhosini - Happy.

ukululama

Iminyaka post-mpi inkampani ekhawulezayo yobhekiso phambili. Products of the eKharkov ngebhayisekile ifektri zifunwa kulo lonke USSR. Ngowe-1948 umgca kwabekwa kwimveliso amabhinqa kunye neemodeli zabantwana. Kwiisampuli ezintsha yabasebenzi zokuyilwa bureau zesityalo: iinjineli abanetalente kunye namagcisa. Ngokutsho izicwangciso, isityalo ukuya ekupheleni kwexesha kwafuneka ukuvelisa iiyunithi 350.000 ngonyaka ngamnye.

Le nkampani wakhula, kuye kwavela iivenkile abatsha, ukwanda abasebenzi. Ekuphuhliseni imveliso 1948 inkampani sele inikezelwe engange million ezintathu. Inxalenye yale mali ngqo kokwakhiwa kwezindlu zabasebenzi. Le nkampani isebenza iiyure ezintathu. Ngowe-1949 model yaphuhliswa ibhayisekile ezemidlalo B-31 ngesantya esifanayo, wathweswa ngezantya ezimbini.

Amabhayisikili eKharkov ibhayisekili mveliso ngo-1950, wathabatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano ngamazwe, hayi ukuvumela kwiimpawu zobugcisa kunye nomgangatho nucleoside basemzini. Ngo-1948 waqalisa ukwandiswa kwiindawo zemveliso kunye ngokutsha kwe nkampani. Yaba imveliso ngentla-isicwangciso izixhobo eziyimfuneko nakwiiyunithi 10.340.

ingqalelo kakhulu yahlawulwa ukuya kwinqanaba loluntu. Kunye ukwandiswa isithuba mveliso yokwakha izindlu, izibonelelo zentlalo - canteens, amaziko zolonwabo, amathala eencwadi, imibutho abantwana baye baqalisa ukusebenza iiklabhu ingqondo kunye nemidlalo.

Rise kunye yohlengahlengiso

Ngeminyaka yee-ngeminyaka kwisityalo uvelisa uluhlu olubanzi iimveliso, kuquka ezemidlalo, abantwana, ukuhamba, kunye nezinye. Imveliso iyonke zafikelela 800 lamawaka Bikes ngonyaka. HVZ yaba inkampani ezikhethekileyo kuphela kweli lizwe apho imbambano walwa legkodorozhnyh kunye nemidlalo neebhayisekile beendidi ophezulu nomgangatho.

Ngowe-1979, ngexesha Olympic Games e Moscow, kwi-eKharkov ngebhayisekile mveliso sisungule indlela ekhethekileyo kwabo minyaka Bikes umdlalo - "Moscow-80," yaye NW "Umendo Champion". ezemidlalo isakhelo ibhayisekile ezenziwe carbon ifayibha kwaye isisombululo ezintsha uyilo. Ngelishwa, imifuziselo abakakulungeli ngokupheleleyo-Olimpiki, kwaye iprojekthi iye yaphuhliswa.

Ngowe-1983, umgca ibandla le IKharkiv Motovelo waya imoto 23 ezizigidi ezingama-. Ukuqaleka kwayo ekupheleni koo kuzo zonke iinkalo zemveliso izise kokuqhekeka-up lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho kunye nokuncipha kwimveliso. ke luqinile kakhulu imeko yemali HVZ. Ngowe-1991, le CHPTF inkampani "UCI" iye yaba zabelo engundoqo eKharkov ngebhayisekile mveliso.

Ukususela ngo-2001, amandla emveliso yakhiwe, zandiswa umgca imifuziselo ibhayisekile. Inxalenye yemveliso evela ngaphantsi kwe "Amanzi" uphawu. Namhlanje, le nkampani yenza uthungelwano nomthengisi Ukraine kunye eRashiya.

iimveliso

Amabhayisikili HVZ (eKharkov ngebhayisekile mveliso) bafumana kuthandwa kakhulu kuyo eSoviet Union. imifuziselo abaninzi baye cishe eyaziwa ngokuba umgangatho kunye lula ukulungiswa. Boys kulo lonke ilizwe bafunda wakhwela wabagagamela izakhono zobunjineli neebhayisekile "Ukraine".

Eyona ethandwayo HVZ imodeli:

• "Ukraine". Ibhayisekili brand inkulu, sifumene inani elikhulu zokuguqulwa. Iisampulu Classic yayidlalwa ngobuwena inkunzi nemazi, kwaye ngokulinganayo waya kakuhle kwiindlela Musiqisi kunye nokungcola. Model "Ukraine spiderman» kwahlukile iifeleni ebusweni classical aluminium ingxubevange. Intuthuzelo inikeza intonga amade, indibano buyo kunye waqhekeza ngaphambili. Le modeli iveliswa nge bar eqhelekileyo phezulu kwaye ubuza, oko babonelelwa enezinto impahla igumbi banzi ezinatyisiweyo footrest.
• "Okudosa". Kwakhona imodeli edume ngayo ibhayisekile. Ukusuka "Ukraine" ubunzima ezahlukeneyo lite, amatayari ezivaliweyo ngezantya ezine selectable. Hand brake kuqwalaselo esisiseko iye actuators angasemva kunye ngaphambili. Xa imifanekiso-high speed mihla isakhelo ezenziwe zokwakha ngentsimbi - welding. Ungamyeki amalungu ebhayisikile elalenziwe Ventura. ixabiso layo lisezantsi, kwaye nokuthembeka lidlula imodeli ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle.
• "Tourist Start-umendo" - eyenzelwe iingcali, kodwa kulula ukufunda kunye amateurs. Uphawu lo mfuziselo ubunzima encinane yesakhelo ezenziwe insimbi, 2.2 eekhilogram kuphela. Le bhayisekile yafakwa kunye amagiya mabini ivili langasemva, zantlanu ngaphambili. Thuthuzela nokhuseleko enikiweyo imbi waqhekeza, isihlalo isakhelo kunye emoto lwesamente.
• "Sport". Webhayisekile ubunzima ezahlukeneyo lilonke 14.5 kg, ngensimbi inkqubo phambi ifolokhwe zokudluliselwa asibhozo ivili lwangaphandle. Umfuziselo yaveliswa kwiminyaka-70 yaye ethandwa kakhulu kunye neembaleki engahlawulwayo.
• "Irekhodi" - imodeli Track, zalishumi 8.5 kg for racers abaqeqeshiweyo.
• "Zwi" - imodeli ibhayisekile, abakhenkethi esebenzayo owuthandayo. Ibhalelwe ngesithuthuthu elide esixekweni, yaye iindlela zegrabile. Lubonakala ngokwanda intuthuzelo kunye nokumelana nempembelelo.

Phantse 130 iminyaka i eKharkov ngebhayisekile mveliso. Company igcina lweshishini namhlanje inokufumaneka kuphela kwezinye emizini Ukraine. Iindleko ukuba abasebenzisi Ukrainian iqala 2400 hryvnia.

Eyaziwa ngokuba umgangatho imveliso eKharkov ngebhayisekile mveliso. Amaxabiso for eRussia langoku nqanaba akhiwa abathengisi zabucala. Bazithengele ibhayisikile ngexabiso engange-10 lamawaka 45 amawaka. Le nkampani aqhubeka ukufuna amathuba okwandisa uthungelwano kunye nokuvulwa engoovimba ezinophawu eRashiya.

Imo yonxunguphalo kwi kwisityalo

Kwimbali kwangoku HVZ wayitshisa kabini - ngo-2009 no-2017. NgoMatshi 2009, umlilo imisinga 150 square metres. eziimitha esithuba somgangatho, elinyukayo ngokupheleleyo enye ezivenkileni. Umlilo kwenzeka phakathi kwemini, kwathi ayiphazamiseki. Unobangela zikagesi lixesha uye wabizwa imeko esiyingozi. Kule imeko yonxunguphalo liye paintshop eKharkov ngebhayisekile mveliso. Le umlilo kucima inkonzo Ministry of Iimeko zikaxakeka of Ukraine.

Isiganeko umlilo yesibini yenzekile Matshi 30, 2017. Kwiplanti elinyukayo phantsi iholo indibano ibali emithathu. Iingcali, zeza nobakhuphela wanikwa inqanaba ingozi umlilo yesibini. Ukusuka carbon monoxide ityhefu wabandezeleka omnye kubahlali IKharkiv.

idilesi

Le nkampani izinze kwi - Diesel Street, Ukwakha 3/5.

Plant eKharkov kubekwe kwi Moskovsky Ithemba kwi sakhiwo 118.

Kwishishini, ukongeza iimveliso eziphambili zavelisa uluhlu eninzi yamaxhoba yabathengi - saka, nempahla, iintsimbi iibhayisikile.

Xa isayithi unako ukuthenga Bikes eKharkov bicycle mveliso: ivenkile inkampani ibekwe ecaleni kwiinkqubo eziphambili.