Leyden imidlalo

Abaninzi ababephila ngexesha bethu baqhele kakhulu ekubonakalisweni ezikhona, ukuba ukusa kumkhamo othile wayeka ukuphawula kwabo. Abantu bahlala ukulindela into kunzima, nangona imimangaliso yokwenene kakhulu abasingqongileyo. ? Yintoni enokuba lula ngaphezu ukunqakraza i iswitshi iqhosha ibhalbhu ilayite waziqhekeza ubumnyama kwi gumbi! Okanye simi emgangathweni, nje ngokunqakraza iqhosha kwi ikheshi. Ingaba na ummangaliso?

Nangona ixesha ngokoqobo abantu kumandla kuphela ezingamakhulu ambalwa kwiminyaka, imbali okomzuzwana nje, ngelo xesha kwenziwe ezifunyaniswe ezininzi. Abanye eyaziwa kakuhle kwaye ngoku (apho Laziwa umthetho Ohm kaThixo!), Yaye ke omnye kukhunjulwa kuphela mbali kunye, ngamanye amaxesha, ootitshala ezikolweni. Ngokomzekelo, oko kukuthi usondelelwano umntu avareji ngamazwi "Leyden ingqayi" kuvela? amaziko ezemali, izixhobo zonyango, kwaye kube amandla "olukhohlisayo 'ukuba kulondolozwe izityalo? Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile kakhulu ngokwemvelo, kuba asingabo bonke guess ngogesi, ukuba Leyden imidlalo - uhlobo lwe capacitors zombane mihla. Nangona uyilo ilula kakhulu, ngethiyori, kunye uhlaziyo eyiyo izixhobo ezinjalo nakho ukusebenza ngempumelelo njengenxalenye iziphaluka zombane.

Wonke wesikolo uyazi ukuba bagcobe kumqheba zeplastiki kweenwele, kwindlela yayo kwezinye izinto yintlantsi sithuba somoya kwenzeka. Umgaqo efanayo isetyenziswa umatshini electrostatic, ngenxa apho kwakukho imbiza Leyden. Ngenkulungwane ye-18 German Gericke zezwe yenza ufako, esisekelwe waba sisitya yeglasi enkulu kunye iasi imvelaphi inyuselwa khona. A simple drive ibhanti wamenza Ihlole. Uthinte isiqwenga yesikhumba zingabanga iintlantsi zombane kunye ezingabonakaliyo namasimi kagesi. Kwizifundo ukuba kummandla lwelayini amanyathelo yamandla intsimi eyenziweyo kwaye ezingasetyenziswanga (incitshisiwe) kwemisinga.

1745 lo mhla ukuba xa kuvulwa imbiza Leyden. Yemvelo Pieter van Musschenbroek of Leyden waqonda kugalela amanzi asejagini, ibuye isiqwenga wire, uthabathe ngenyameko umthamo izandla uze ukuzise ukuba elektroforu abalekayo. Kungalo inxalenye ejonge le wire Scientist wafumana strong impembelelo kukothuka. Ngoku kucacile ukuba yesandla somntu kunye namanzi embizeni wakhonza njengoko noko ngoku obizwa ngokuba iipleyiti capacitor, nodonga kwiglasi isitya - umaleko ubushushu. Leyden imidlalo akwazi ukuqokelela umbane kakhulu kangangokuba lwalwanele enkalweni nomxokelelwane yabantu 700. Iye yacaca ukuba isakhono kule kufunyenweyo kakhulu. Oku e Leiden laphehlelelwa imveliso "capacitors", esalinikwayo igama lesixhobo.

Emva kweminyaka 2 ukususela kwafunyanwa B. Franklin ukulungiselela iinjongo zovavanyo lusongelweyo ngaphandle kudonga itoti ifoyile, ukuze kwandiswe amandla. Kuye kwacaca ukuba kusekuninzi okufuneka lilapho. Enyanisweni, yaba yindlela 'trial kunye impazamo ", kwaye isiseko yeengcingane sele kwakuthe ngokusekelwe iziphumo imifuniselo. Koko Franklin indawo bank yeglasi amcaba ngefoyile ye macala esahlukileyo, ukufumana uqhelene kuthi sonke capacitor.

Leyden ingqayi ngezandla zakho ingenziwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ufuna yeplastiki tin bank ipleyiti ngocingo igqunyiwe soldered, amalahle luvuliwe, zomelele iphepha filter, ngesinyithi (okanye iplastiki kunye faka conductive) kunye isiphelo sendlela-inshorensi zoqhagamshelwano kunye namanzi amtyuba. Ungashiya kwipleyiti phanzi isikhongozeli yeplastiki, isiphelo simahla kwicingo lisenza up. Ukuvala iphepha eliphezulu, ugalele amalahle umaleko, ugalele amanzi amtyuba usibeke isigubungelo phezu terminal. Kubonakala ukuba iibhanki mabaphume macingo mabini ezigqunyiweyo ubushushu: ukusuka ezantsi neepleyiti phezulu. Ngoku, ukuba ukuzisa ombane yangaphandle, inxalenye yayo iya ziyahlangana. Emva koko, qhagamshela nje umthwalo uya kuhlala. Xa usebenza i "Bank" kufuneka silumke.