Le ventricle lasekhohlo intliziyo: isakhiwo, umsebenzi, zokugula

abantu kunye nezilwanyana ezanyisayo ephakamileyo, intliziyo siquka yokwayama ezine: imithambo emibini kunye ventricles ezimbini. Ngako oko, lilungiselelo ventricles kwakunye imithambo zahlulwe ngasekunene nangasekhohlo.

Le ventricle osekhohlo ekuqaleni kwegazi.

nokwakheka

Post washiya ventricle kunye intendelezo lasekhohlo nge kuvulwa atrioventricular ekhohlo, ukusuka ventricle ekunene ventriculus semfene ekwanti ngokupheleleyo zekhala interventricular. Ukususela kule kwegumbi intliziyo ishiya aorta, igazi kulo ukuba ahlanganiswe mpilo imithambo ezincinane uwela nezibilini.

Kubonakala ventricle lasekhohlo ngathi ikhowuni omfusa, yaye omnye kuphela zonke iikhamera ababandakanyeka ekubunjweni enkcochoyini kwentliziyo. Ngenxa elikhulu ngakumbi ventricle ekunene, ubukhulu, kukholelwa ukuba intliziyo ngasekhohlo, kodwa enyanisweni oko phantse embindini esifubeni.

udonga ventricular ekhohlo na omise ezilishumi elinesihlanu elingqingqwa, nto leyo amaxesha amaninzi ngaphezu Iimpawu ezifanayo kwi ventricle ekunene. Oku kungenxa myocardium eziphuhlileyo ngakumbi kwicala lasekhohlo ngenxa imithwalo eziphezulu. Oko kukuthi, ayanda umthamo kumsebenzi owenziweyo, Ebubanzini bodonga kwentliziyo. Le ventricle lasekhohlo pushes igazi, abathatha inxaxheba kwegazi, ngoxa ventricle ekunene inika igazi umthamo ukuba isangqa encinane. Kungenxa yoko le nto, phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, le yokugqibela yenziwe kakuhle, kwaye ubukhulu baso asezantsi elifanayo.

umyalezo Atrioventricular (umngxuma) kwicala lasekhohlo luvaliwe umba mitral, eyenziwa ngaba ngomva kunye amaphetshana sobuKristu. Ngaphambili ke elime kule ngingqi ikuyo le ekudibaneni interventricular, kwaye ngasemva - ngaphandle kwayo.

Ukusuka omabini amaphiko yandisa Isingqi - imicu imisonto unabayibambe nombhinqo kwizihlunu papillary. Ngokusebenzisa ezi izihlunu nokufakelwa yenze nemisebenzi yayo, oko kukuthi, ngexesha systole, akukho nokubuyiswa igazi emva intendelezo.

imisipha Papillary zincamathele lunamaqoqo ezithile engabalulekanga (trabecula esinamanzi) apho zicwangciswe ngaphakathi kwisisu ventricular. trabeculae ezinjalo ngokukodwa aphuhliswe kakuhle kummandla ekudibaneni interventricular kunye enkcochoyini wentliziyo, kodwa inani kwabo ventricle lasekhohlo mncinci kuno ekunene.

Ubude kunye nenani taxi ye ventricle ngamnye ekhohlo. Nobudala, ubude abo kwandisa, ukuba bomzimba enxulumene ubude esihlunwini papillary. Amaxesha amaninzi le Isingqi ukuthi isuka imisipha enye edityaniswe igqabi elinye. Ukongeza, i-taxi adibanayo izihlunu papillary ukuya trabeculae elibhaqiweyo.

Xa indawo exit le aorta na umba semilunar, ngalo igazi akayi kubuya ukusuka aorta qatha entliziyweni.

Nerve imizwa on ventricular myocardium lasekhohlo ongena beam umsondlo (umlenze wakhe ekhohlo). Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kuphela ventricle ukubetha eliseleyo waqondisa kwamasebe amabini - into ngaphambili kunye nangasemva.

Ingakumbi ventricle yasekhohlo kunye nemisebenzi yayo

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindawo intliziyo, ventricle lasekhohlo kuku phantsi, ngasemva kwaye nasekhohlo. Edge engaphandle kwayo ajikelezayo ngakumbi yaye kuthiwa kumphezulu miphungeni. Ngexesha umphefumlo umthamo ukunyuka Igumbi 5.5 cm ³ (kwiimveku) ukuya ku-210 cm ³ (elinesibhozo ukuya kumashumi amabini anesihlanu).

Xa kuthelekiswa ne ekunene, lo ventricle ekhohlo iye mbhoxo ucaca ngakumbi nemilo lume, kwimisipha kancinane elide kunokuba kakhulu.

Ubume ventricular ngasekhohlo ichonge amasebe:

• Front (infundibulum) inxibelelane aorta nge emithanjeni lokuvula.
• Yangasemva (kwisisu eneneni ventricular) ukuba enxibelelana auricle ekunene.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ngenxa kuphuhliswa ngakumbi myocardium of ekhohlo ventricular udonga ubukhulu na omise elinanye elinesine.

umsebenzi ventricular lasekhohlo kuku ukukhululwa igazi nomoya kwi aorta (okanye kwegazi) ze emva koko ngokusebenzisa uthungelwano kwemithambo ezincinane emithanjeni kwenzeka amalungu ukutya kunye nezihlunu yonke eziphilayo.

zomzimba

Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, le ventricles ekhohlo nasekunene esebenza synchronously. umsebenzi wabo wenziwa ngezigaba ezibini: systole kunye diastole (ngokulandelelana, ucutheko nokuphumla). Systole, ke, yahlulwe iiphiriyodi ezimbini:

1. Qaphela: kubandakanya ucutheko olungenangqamaniso kwaye ulwandiso;
2. Ukugxothwa: Ibandakanya ukugxothwa fast and kade.

ombane olungenangqamaniso olwenze ucutheko ngokungalinganiyo Imicu kwezihlunu le myocardium, ngenxa obungalinganiyo excitation. ivelufa Atrioventricular uvaliwe ngeli xesha. Emva excitation lugubungela zonke imicu engabalulekanga, kwaye xi ukunyuka ventricles, ivelufa uyawavala, kwaye lweHo- ivaliwe.

Emva ebambeleyo ekhankanyiweyo eludongeni ventricular legazi ukunyuka pressure asibhozo mm HG. v., kwaye umahluko kunye noxinzelelo kwi aorta ngu 2 mm HG. Art., Ivelifa semilunar ivula, igazi eliya kungena aorta. Xa i inguqu ekhoyo evela beziya igazi aortic semilunar mbobo slam.

Emva koko ke myocardium ventricular buyasikhulula kwaye ivalve mitral egazini atrial engena ventricle. Le nkqubo waphinda.

Ekhohlo kwekhono ventricular

Ukwahlula kwekhono iSystolic kwaye iDiastolic kwegumbi intliziyo.

Xa iSystolic ventricular kwekhono, yokuhla lityhale igazi lweHo- kulo aorta, engoyena nobangela uqhelekileyo ukusilela kwentliziyo.

kwekhono enjalo ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngenxa yindibanisela izehlo, nto leyo ebangela ukwehla umthamo stroke.

Ekhohlo kwekhono ventricular ukuzala - ukuncipha ngamandla ayo sifunxe ngegazi umngxuma (okt, ukuqinisekisa ukugcwaliswa ukuzala). Le meko kunokukhokelela lwegazi lesibini (zombini lwemithambo kunye lwemithambo), nto leyo sikhatshwa dyspnoea, ukhohlokhohlo kunye dyspnea paroxysmal zasebusuku.

ngenhliziyo ukukhubazeka

Kukho azalwa nayo. Le yokugqibela zisisiphumo yokuphazamiseka kwixesha osandul. Uhlobo kwakukho izivalo iziphene yemfuza, elingakumbi ventricle yasekhohlo kunye nokuba awungeni ubude Isingqi ekudibaneni zicandwe phakathi ventricles, transposition (indawo engaqhelekanga) nobeempahla ezinkulu.

Ukuba kukho umntwana atrial yomonakalo okanye iindonga ventricular, lwemithambo kunye negazi esimbaxa ukuba kuxutywe. Abantwana abakhubazekileyo ezifana ngokuhlanganisa nabo transposition iimpahla babe ulusu oluhlaza, apho ekuqaleni lo uphawu kuphela.

Ukuba transposition ekhoyo njengento siphene ekwanti, lo hypoxia kukhokelela sokuhlaselwa afe ngoko nangoko. Kwezinye iimeko (xa sibona isiphako phambi kokuzalwa) kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuqhuba umsebenzi.

Ndiqhuba unyango ngotyando kuyimfuneko kunye nezinye iingxaki ventricular ngasekhohlo (umz, iintsilelo ivalve aortic okanye ivelufa mitral).

Ekhohlo hypertrophy ventricular

Lubonakala udonga seal ventricular.

Izinto ezibangela le meko ingaba:

• uqeqesho okuqhubekekayo ixesha elide (lezemidlalo).
• lutho Physical.
• Ugwayi.
• Alcoholism.
• isifo Farben.
• Muscular dystrophy.
• Uxinezeleko.
• ngezifo neuropathy yegazi.
• Ukutyeba.
• Yamafutha.
• Diabetes osegazini.
• Ischemia.
• Kwegazi.

Ekuqaleni, isifo nazimpawu, kwaye kukho inkqubela phambili le nkqubo kuvela ababuxoki angina, niphele, isiyezi, ukudinwa. Emva koko ajoyine ukungaphumeleli intliziyo esibonakala dyspnea (kubandakanywa nabo abanye).

ukusilela ventricular ekhohlo

Rhoqo livela ngasemva:

• ukukhubazeka Aortic.
• Glomerulonephritis.
• Kwegazi.
• iposi engabalulekanga.
• aortitis Syphilitic.
• Cardio Atherosclerotic.

Le ngezifo luphawulwa cyanosis eqhubela phambili, ukuphelelwa umoya, ubuthathaka, iintlungu entliziyweni, olwaphula namanye amaqumrhu njalo-njalo.

Uxilongo lwe ezingaqhelekanga ventricular ngasekhohlo

• Ultrasound (nokuzimisela of malformations bekhubazekile);
• ECG;
• MRI;
• CT;
• esifubeni X-reyi;
• PCG;
• echocardiography.

Indlela yokuphatha i ventricle ekhohlo yentliziyo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iziphene intliziyo badla zifuna unyango ngotyando.

Hypertrophy le ventricle lasekhohlo lwentliziyo ziphathwe indibaniselwano blocker beta kunye "Verapamil". Le ndlela kunciphisa wabonakala kwezonyango sifo. Kwakhona iziyobisi ekucetyiswa itye kunye nokulahla imikhwa emibi, ukuncitshiswa ubunzima kunye nokuncitshiswa ityuwa.Ukuba.

Yokudla kufuneka uyatyetyiswa enegwele ubisi kunye neemveliso zobisi, iziqhamo, intlanzi kunye nemifuno. Ukongeza, i esibophelelayo kukunciphisa isixa amafutha, iilekese nokutya okunesitatshi. Kukhuthazwa umzimba ngokulinganisela.

Ngaphandle unyango emithethweni kwaye unyango ngotyando uyasetyenziswa, ijolise ukususa inxenye myocardium hypertrophied. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba olu ngezifo senzeka emva kweminyaka embalwa.

Xa kuziwa ngasekhohlo ukusilela ventricular, kulo mzekelo, sebenmzisa i "intliziyo" iziyobisi ezizodwa "Korglikon", "corazole", "Strofantin", "camphor", "Kordiamin", kwakunye ne-oksijini inhalation kunye ebhedini ukuphumla.