I-valillar heart valve: isakhiwo, indawo. IiValves Valves zenyanga

Iiguvi zemihla ngemihla - inkcazo yabo inikwe kule nqaku. Ukongeza, emva kokuba ufunde ulwazi olungezantsi, ungafunda malunga nokusebenza kwala manjelo emzimbeni womntu, malunga nesakhiwo salo, malunga neendawo apho zikhona khona. Ulwazi, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, luya kuba lunomdla kubo bonke abanomdla kwi-anatomy yabantu.

Ukumisela i-valve

Kwimizimba eyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulungelelanisa ukuze uqondise imilambo ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ezi zilungelelaniso zisentliziyweni yentliziyo - zinzima kakhulu. Kwakhona zifumaneka kwiinqanawa ezinamandla zamanqanaba ahlukeneyo.

I-valve zixhobo ziqokelela izakhiwo ze-anatomical ezithi, xa zisebenzisana kunye, ziphazamise ukutshintshwa kwegazi (retrograde).

Iintlobo zeentonga zentliziyo

• Iqela lokuqala lizakhiwo ezahlula i-ventricles kunye ne-atria.
• Iqela lesibini liivili ezifumaneka kwisiza sokutshintshwa kwe-aorta kunye ne-pulmonary trunk trunk, kwindawo yokubuyiswa kwezi nqanawa ezivela kwiintliziyo zentliziyo.

I-aortic kunye ne-valve zepmonta zinamalungu alandelayo:

1. Amadampampu enyanga (iipilunar valves of heart).

2. Isikhala phakathi kwe-flaps (i-inter-flap triangles).

3. Iisini.

4. Iindandatho ezinobungqina (ubukho obuphikisanayo).

Iimodampu zemihla ngemihla

Ekubeni i-semilunar ifom e-valves ine-dampers kuphela engena kuyo, kuchanekileyo ukubiza ezi valves i-aortic valve kunye ne-valve semilunar ye-trum pulmonary. Zombini iiplavine zineentsimbi ezintathu. I-valve ye-aortic inelungelo, elisekhohlo nangemva. Kwaye kwiphakethi ye tron pulmonary endaweni ye-back one-phambili.

Ubukhulu beeflephu zihluke kubantu ababudala obuhlukeneyo, kukho impawu nganye. Njengomthetho, ububanzi besikhotho senyanga i-aortic flaps bubanzi ngaphezu kwezono ze-aorti, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, zincinci. Isakhiwo esinjalo sikhuthaza ukufuduka kwabo phantsi kunye nokuvalwa kwevavayi xa bezalisa ngegazi. Kwiimonasi ze-aorta, iirriyari ze-coronary zikhoyo.

Iimvenge ze-Semilunar zifumaneka kwindandatho ye-fibrous. Ziyilwe ngumbumba wokugqibela. Kukho iminyango engaphambili, ekhohlo kunye nekhohlo echanekileyo. Amacangci abo aphantsi ahlangene neziphelo zesono. Iidampu kunye nezono zenza i-lunettes. Iipresve ze-Crescent zikhulu kakhulu ngobukhulu kunezono zentonga yeplmon.

Iimpawu zesiphambano se-aortic kunye ne-valve ye-trum pulmonary

Iimfono ze-aorta kunye ne-pulmonary artery ziindawo eziphakathi kwee-semilunar closing and wall wall.

Ukuphakama kwesono se-aortic yabantu abadala yi-1.7-2 cm, ubunzulu babo buvela kwi-1.5 ukuya kwi-3 mm. Ukujuliswa kwee sinus kwenzeka ngokudala. Izikhala eziphakathi kweelaphu ezondelene nomnye zihlobo lweonxantathu, ezineziseko ezijongene nama-ventricles. Iingxangxube ziqukethe i-collagen kunye ne-elastic fibers, zidibanisa i-dampers kunye kwaye zifake iindandatho ze-valves.

Kwisiseko se-aorta, isakhiwo se-oval fibrous namazinyo amathathu senziwa, sifana nesithsaba.

Kwi-trum tron, iziphambeko ezintathu zivame ukuhlukaniswa: i-anterior, kwesobunxele kunye nokunene. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho izibini ezimbini. Ubukhulu bezono zihluke ngokubanzi kwimibandela eyahlukeneyo, kwaye zinemisebenzi nganye. Kubantu abadala, i-left sine i-19-32 mm ububanzi, i-12-16 mm ephakamileyo, i-20-32 mm efanelekileyo, kunye ne-10-15 mm ububanzi. I-front is 20-30 mm kunye no-10-15 mm, ngokulandelanayo.

Akuyena wonke umntu obona ubukho bomhlaba obunobumba kwi-trunk.

Indlela yokusebenza yeValve

I-valve semilunar valve ayivumeli igazi libuyele kwii-ventricles.

Ngexesha lokuqhekeka kwentliziyo yesisipha, igazi kwi-ventricles lihamba ngeendlela ezimbini: ukuya kumadampu emilunar, nakwi-atria. Xa sele sele ifikelele kwiipavini ze-atrioventricular, igazi liwaxabela, kwaye iiplavines zivale. Uxinzelelo kwisigxina sezo zombini zonyango. Uxinzelelo kwi-valve semilunar valve lwandisa kwaye lugqitha kwi-aorta kunye ne-pulmary artery. Indlela kuphela yokuphuma kwegazi ukuhamba kwe-aorta, kwaye ukusuka kwi-ventricle efanelekileyo ukuya kwi-trum pulmonary trunk. Kule meko, iiplavines valves zivaliwe kwaye i-semilunar ivulekile.

Xa okwangoku ukusuka kwintlambo ye-ventricle ekhohlo ihambela kwi-aorta, ezi zixhobo zangoku zitsho i-semilunar ivule ukulwa nodonga lwe-aortic. Emva kokuxoshwa kwegazi kwi-ventricle, i-sinus ye-aorta iyawa. Kukho ukuphumla kwee-ventricles, kunye negazi eliphonswe kwimibhobho libuyela entliziyweni, kwi-ventricle ekhohlo. Iimfono ze-artery zizaliswe ngegazi, kwaye iiguvane zengxowa ze-aorta zihlanganisiwe. Igazi aliqhubi libuyele kwisigxina se-ventricle.

I-valve semilunar valve isebenza.

I-aortic kunye neepapu zepmonta zithintela ukujikeleza kwegazi ukusuka kwiinqanawa ezinkulu kwi-ventricles ekupheleni kwe-systole.

IiValves Valves zenyanga

Emzimbeni kukho uhlobo lwevilunar valve, ezinesakhiwo esilula kunokuba iinjenge zentliziyo, kodwa umsebenzi wazo uhlala ufana. Ezi zizakhiwo ezithintela ukunyuswa kwegazi.

Iipilvanu ze-Semilunar zifumaneka kwezinye iimvini (imilenze, iinyawo ezingaphezulu), kunye neenqwelo ze-lymphatic.

Isistim se-venous simele ngethungelwano lweenqanawa zokuhlaselwa, umsebenzi wokuthuthwa kwegazi ukuya kwiindawo ezilungileyo zentliziyo ngokubhekiselele kumandla. Iinqwelo ze-venous system zine-membrane encinci ye-muscular. Zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunikezelwa kwegazi ukusuka kwiindawo eziphantsi ukuya entliziyweni. Enye yeendlela eziguquguqukayo kukuvela kwamagatya e-semilunar.

Iiplavini zeemvini zineentsimbi ezimbini, iigrave roller kunye neengxenye zodonga zodonga. Izakhiwo ze-Valve kwinani elikhulu lifumaneka kwimithanjeni yemilenze. Umzekelo: i-vein enkulu ye-saphenous ine-valves ene-venous ishumi.

Izifo

Ukuba ingqibelelo okanye umsebenzi weevavini ayiphumelelwanga ngenxa yexinzelelo okanye ukuvuvukala, izimo zentsholongwane ziphuhliswa ezifunekayo ukuba ziqaphele kwaye ziqalise unyango oluchanekileyo (i-acute or long-term-cardiac inferiority xa kwenzeka umonakalo kwiintonga zentliziyo).

I-pathology eyaziwayo yeemvini, ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka kwezivalo, iyingozi yesifo se-varicose, esiyingozi kwiingxaki zayo (i-thrombophlebitis, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, ukukhutshwa komthi we-pulmonary). Okwangoku, amayeza anamhlanje aneendlela eziliqela zokubuyisela ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo komzimba, ngokukodwa, iiplavini ezikulo mbuzo. Ngokwemvelo, kwimeko nganye umntu uya kugqiba ukufikelela kumntu ogulayo.

Ngaloo ndlela, sihlolisise imisebenzi yamagatya e-semilunar, indima yabo ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi komzimba womntu, iingxaki ezinokubangela ukungaqhelekanga kunye neentsholongwane ezihambelana nezivenge.