Le nkqubo womchamo

inkqubo wokuchama owenza umsebenzi zisusa ubuthi, engafunwayo, iikhompawundi eziyingozi emzimbeni, lo gama kugcinwe imali eyimfuneko neetyuwa izimbiwa kunye namanzi. Le into iqaphelwa kusekwe kwi izintso kwi nomchamo umthamo ezithile kwakunye ingqalelo ethile.

Ubume yenkqubo womchamo.

isakhiwo layo ngumxube organ umchamo (kidney), kwaye deducing umchamo ukuqokelela idubule (isinyi, urethra, ureter).

Izintso ibekwe kwisithuba ngasemva peritoneum macala omabini yomqolo, zibe ngohlobo iimbotyi. Le sezintso ushiye engaphezulwana nje kancinane kune ngasekunene. Iikona aphezulu umzimba isibini kufutshane yomqolo, ezantsi - bakude.

Xa kwizintso ukuchaza kwipali ezisezantsi neziphezulu izibophelelo, udini ngaphakathi langaphandle. Embindini weli cala engaphakathi kwesango ibekwe (kukuqiniswa). Ngabo, igunya iquka luvo kunye kwemithambo, ureters elise, lymphatics, eVienna. Isethi ye elements data oyinxalenye pedicle kwezintso.

Adipose philisi iqokobhe nomsimelelo ifascia yayo kwizicwili ndingqongwe zezintso nganye. Xa impahla kidney iquka amabili - ngobuchopho kunye uthinte. Eyokuqala imelwe elinambini - iiyunithi ezilishumi elinesihlanu enembonakalo cone. Zibizwa ngokuba iiphiramidi. into Cortical Amagqabi phakathi iiphiramidi angabamelwane. maleko Cortical uba Ebubanzini milimitha ezine ukuya alishumi elinesithathu.

inkqubo wokuchama uye iindlela eziliqela zolawulo.

Isixa emanzini akuzo umzimba kuchaphazela ukufumaneka umchamo. Isixa-mali ngokugqithisileyo amanzi ikhuthaza inhibition wokukhulula yebhinqa incindi yedlala antidiuretic (adh), ukulawula ukufunxeka ityuwa namanzi. Xa amanzi anele zemfundo ezizodwa yimincili ezibuthathaka (osmoreceptors). Kulo mzekelo, adh angene egazini, ekhuthaza reabsorption of (reuptake) amanzi.

inkqubo wokuchama yenza umchamo kukhuthaza amanzi, ityuwa, uric acid, urea. Ukwabiwa la macandelo ziveliswa kwaye ukungena emiphungeni, ulusu, amathumbu, kwamadlala amathe, Noko ke, endaweni izintso bengenako.

Ukwenziwa umchamo, kuquka silungelelanise lokucoca ulwelo egazini, secretion kunye reabsorption, wenza nephrons (ezinokuzuzwa inyama sezintso). nephron nganye kwizintso (Malpighian) ithole enika inkqubo nocococ, kunye imibhobho womchamo. Taurus imelwe sisitya kabini-onodonga hemispherical. Umsantsa phakathi kweendonga zayo egubungele capillary glomerulus. Ukususela slot luza tubule.

uxinzelelo Intravascular (70-90 mm. HG. V.) Ikhuthaza nokungena inxalenye engamanzi igazi kungena nephron philisi. Le nkqubo ibizwa lokucoca ulwelo avuza, ngokulandelelana, kuthiwa (umchamo zaseprayimari) "filtrate".

inkqubo wokuchama yakha filtrate ebandakanya ncakasana amanzi. ephambili umchamo yoxinaniso kwezinto eziphilayo ephantsi malunga iyafana naleyo kwi plasma. Xa ukukhuthaza filtrate le tubules, ukwakhiwa kwayo esoloko itshintsha ngenxa uba umchamo lokugqibela. Umchamo volume kweelitha enye enesiqingatha avareji ngamnye ngemini.

inkqubo wokuchama kuquka kubume bayo isinye. Le umzimba owenza umsebenzi ukuqokelelana nomchamo. Udonga Umzimba esingxotyeni salo kwezihlunu enamandla. Ngokunciphisa umthamo ucutho yayo kwisisu kwiqamza. Kule orifices ureteral, ukuvulwa engaphakathi urethra zezi sphincter (detrusor). Bona ulawule ukuhamba ngumchamo.

Ukuya ezantsi esinyini ngemibhobho kufanelekile (ureters).

Kukhuthaza umchamo ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa urethra, abashiya isinye.