Hormone Antidiuretic (adh). Le secretion incindi yedlala antidiuretic

Vasopressin - hormone antidiuretic - yenziweyo ngxenye, nto leyo imi yebhinqa ngomva (neurohypophysis). Le hormone iqinisekisa homeostasis emzimbeni womntu, kukuhlala amanzi. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, emzimbeni okanye ukopha omkhulu phantsi kwempembelelo vasopressin ziquka iindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuba ekuyekeni yokulahlekelwa fluid. Ngenxa yoko, hormone antidiuretic (adh) nje akasivumeli ukuba zome.

Apho adh uya kuhlanganiswa?

hormone Antidiuretic uveze luvo iseli enkulu ingxenye supraoptic le ngxenye kwaye enebana neyrofizinom (yenethiwekhi-protein). Ngaphezu koko, oko ijoliswe kwabo nomhlehlo elingasemva hypophysis kwaye kukho inokuqokelelana phezu luvo hypothalamic. Njengoko kufuneka ukusuka apho ubengena negazi. Adh secretion banazo:

1. uxinzelelo lwegazi (BP).
2. lo osmolarity plasma.
3. Umthamo wegazi ehlabathini emzimbeni.

imiphumela ngokobugcisa hormone anti-umchamo

Xa high blood pressure secretion incindi yedlala antidiuretic ukuyiveza icala, ukuwa nge-40% of vasopressin amagama eziqhelekileyo uxinzelelo lwegazi angandiswa kumqathango yesiqhelo ngamaxesha 100.

i osmolarity plasma inxulumene ngqo electrolyte ukwakhiwa egazini. Xa osmolarity igazi iwela ngaphantsi imigangatho eyamkelekileyo, uqala ulwabiwo nangakumbi vasopressin egazini. Ngenxa yokwanda plasma osmolality ngaphezu kuvumelekile nemigangatho umntu onxaniweyo. A ukusetyenziswa izixa ezikhulu ulwelo ayisayicinezeli kwezulu hormone. Ngoko ke, lo khuselo ikhutshwa phandle emzimbeni.

Indlela iimpembelelo hormone antidiuretic kwi utshintsho umthamo wegazi? Ukuba abophe kakhulu receptors ezizodwa ibekwe kwi intendelezo lasekhohlo wabiza volyumoretseptorami uphendule yokuncipha kwenani umthamo wegazi kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi drop. Oluphawu engena neurohypophysis Nokubuyiselwa vasopressin ukunyuka. Hormone abonakalisa isenzo kwi imithambo yegazi kunye receptors zabo linciphise le mithambo. Oku kunegalelo ekuyekeni ukopha kunye kuthintela ukuhla uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ukunyhashwa kuyondelelaniswe kunye secretion of Adh

Ezi ukuphazamiseka ukuze ezinxulumene inani elingonelanga vasopressin okanye abangaphezu kwemfuneko yayo. Umzekelo, kunye seswekile insipidus kukho inqanaba elingonelanga adh, ngelixa syndrome Constantin Ion Parhon ngokugqithiseleyo yayo.

iswekile insipidus

Kule sifo, reabsorption sezintso amanzi kunciphisa kakhulu. Oku kuququzelelwa iimeko ezimbini:

1. secretion zokubonisana vasopressin - xa kufikwa seswekile insipidus lemvelaphi engundoqo.
2. Ukuncipha impendulo sezintso ku Adh - oku kwenzeka xa uhlobo neurogenic seswekile insipidus.

Izigulane nokubandezeleka kulo ngezifo diuresis mihla besukelana iilitha 20. Umchamo ngoxa ezisezantsi ingqondo. Izigulane njalo unxaniwe basela oluninzi ulwelo. Ukuze ufumanise ukuba unesifo oko uhlobo oluthile seswekile insipidus nomonde, sebenzisa i-analogue le vasopressin hormone - ichiza "Desmopressin". Isiphumo konwaywa ichiza iboniswa kuphela xa uhlobo usembindini sifo.

syndrome engafanelekile antidiuretic hormone secretion

Libizwa ngokuba syndrome of secretion engafanelekanga of adh. Isifo ihamba secretion ngokugqithisileyo vasopressin, lo gama kukho ukuncipha uxinzelelo osmotic plasma yegazi. Ngenxa yoko kukho ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Muscle twitching kunye amahlaba.
• Isicaphucaphu, ukungabi namdla wokutya, ukugabha kunokwenzeka.
• silale kunokwenzeka, ukuba khokhoma.

imeko Nomonde kuguga xa incindi yomzimba (butofelwe okanye ukusela). Xa isithintelo kakhulu zokungenisa fluid kunye nokupheliswa nokubandakanywa emthanjeni xa izigulane zibe kuxolelwe.

Ziziphi iimpawu zibonisa umgangatho elingonelanga vasopressin?

Ukuba hormone antidiuretic ukuba kuhlelwe zinqongophele, abantu bangaziva:

• wome kakhulu.
• echama rhoqo.
• Kome kakhulu eluswini, nto leyo rhoqo phambili.
• Ukungabikho onombilini.
• Iingxaki kunye iphecana zesisu (gastritis, ukudumba, ukuqhina).
• Iingxaki kunye nenqanaba ngokwesini. Amadoda - kunciphise amandla amabhinqa - ukuphazamiseka exesheni.
• chronic fatigue.
• Ukwanda uxinzelelo intracranial.
• umbono Ukuncipha.

Njengoko kuboniswe ukuhla adh?

Ukunciphisa vasopressin igazi kwenzeka meko zilandelayo:

• iswekile insipidus Central.
• syndrome Nephrotic.
• polydipsia Psychogenic.

Ziintoni iimpawu Yalatha ekwandeni secretion of adh?

• Ukuncipha diuresis ngemihla (imveliso umchamo).
• Weight inzuzo kwi umdla lifinyele.
• Silale kunye nesiyezi.
• Intloko.
• Isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha.
• amahlaba kwezihlunu.
• amanxeba ezahlukahlukeneyo luvo.
• ukuphazamiseka kokulala.

Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko apho eli ukwanda zaphawula kwizinga adh?

Ukunyuka vasopressin kufuneka ilandelwe ezimbi luphawulwa secretion ngokugqithisileyo hormone, zibandakanya:

• Julien-Barre syndrome.
• porphyria uveza elibukhali.

Ukongeza, ukuba kunokwenzeka phantsi kwale miqathango ilandelayo:

• ithumba ebuchotsheni (primary okanye metastases).
• Izifo ezosulelayo zobuchopho.
• izifo nemithambo zobuchopho.
• meningitis Tuberculous.
• Inyumoniya.

hormone Antidiuretic - apho uzinikele kuye?

Enye yezona ndlela inokusetyenziswa ngokukuko ukuqingqwa adh egazini kukho radioimmunoassay (RIA). Okhunye ukumisela osmolarity plasma yegazi. Uhlalutyo kungenziwa naliphi na iziko hormone. Iikliniki ezininzi zabucala nazo ukwenza cazululo ezinjalo. Igazi Wababela ukusuka apho iphuma ibe ngemibhobho ngaphandle kwisigcinakaliso.

Phambi kokuba unikezelo igazi kule hormone antidiuretic kufuneka 10-12 ikhefu iyure esidlweni. stress ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni olwandulela umnikelo ngegazi sinokuwagqwetha uhlalutyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba le mini phambi kokuba unikezelo kuhlalutyo kuyacetyiswa ukuba nenxaxheba yabasebenzi emzimbeni enzima, ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kukhuphiswano ezemidlalo, akuthethi ukuba iimviwo, njalo-njalo

Iziyobisi ukunyusa umgangatho adh, kufuneka zipheliswe. Ukuba oku akwenzeki ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, iifom zesicelo kuyimfuneko ukuba ucacise ukuba iziyobisi yasetyenziswa, nini kwaye yintoni umthamo. Inqubo inqanaba ngokwenene adh ungakwazi amachiza zilandelayo:

• estrogen;
• belele iipilisi;
• iintlungu;
• okudambisa;
• "Icaffeine";
• "Yioxytocin";
• "Cyclophosphamide";
• "Carbamazepine";
• "Vincristine";
• "Hlorpropamid";
• "Chlorothiazide";
• "Carbonate Lithium".

Uhlalutyo hormone antidiuretic ingahoywa ngaphambi ngaphezu kweveki enye emva kokuba radioisotope okanye uphando radiology.

Olu phando ivumela ukuba umahluko isifo seswekile insipidus nephrogenic kunye yebhinqa isifo seswekile insipidus kunye syndromes luphawulwa secretion ngokugqithisileyo adh.