KwemiYalezo in iincwadi nokupeyinta

KwemiYalezo - indlela yobugcisa yamaphephandaba mihla, nesuka ngasekuqaleni imi- 20-kwinkulungwane yokugqibela eFransi. Style imele nengxaki kuluntu nkulu ifumana ziza idealist ziphikisana theory zeentanda-Freud. Ngendlela eyoyikekayo ihlabathi lokwenene kuqulethwe imisebenzi kwamagcisa ababhali kwemiYalezo.

KwemiYalezo in iincwadi nokupeyinta kwafuneka ukuba ukwazi injongo ienjini yabantu, ukuze bazibandakanye amakhulu, ukudala akunjalo. Umsunguli kunye ideologist le imiyalelo ingqalelo yi-André Breton, ababekholelwa ukuba kwemiYalezo - a automatism izangoma, kwaye ngcamango akukho bizela kuye ngenxa kunye nengqwalaselo yokuziphatha. Njengoko umseki wayo, Breton yayifuna ukuhlanganisa zonke Surrealists, kodwa iingxabano ezingapheliyo phakathi kwabo iintlawulo okubangelwa linye, ayikwazanga ukugqitywa ngoxolo. Noko ke, yiko waba isithembiso elinye; abazange bafune ukwenza nje isimbo esitsha, babefuna ukutshintsha ubomi mihla. Ngokutsho surrealists, i zingqondweni sisiqalo iqiniso eliphelele phezu komhlaba.

kwemiYalezo othandwa kakhulu uncwadi nobugcisa yaqala ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi. imisinga alandela ziphikisana baba eYurophu eMelika. Ngelo xesha inyambalala nale style kwamagcisa kunye nababhali, abo bathutha eFransi ukuya kwamanye amazwe.

Zabazobi idumileyo surrealist kwinkulungwane XX zithathwa Salvador Dali, Max Ernst, uJoan S. Kulo movie, siyazi amagama Luisa Bunyuelya, kunye Georges Sadoul. KwemiYalezo kwiincwadi baba wabulela idumile André Breton, Lui Aragonu, Rene Bowl, Anri inna, ukuba uRobert Desnos, Paul Eluard.

Hlalutya koqobo umsebenzi yale style phantse akunakwenzeka, kodwa xa siqwalasela, nithi, umzobo ngu Salvador Dali, apho yonke into yenzelwe ngononophelo elementi nganye intsingiselo yayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwazi ngokwabo ezinye iingcamango zakhe. imisebenzi Surrealist swi kwingcamango kunye nomfanekiso, hayi into ngokwayo. umfundi engalungiswanga okanye umbukeli akanako asiqonde ngokwaneleyo ingcamango iitekisi surrealist nemizobo. Abantu kuphela kunye ekuyileni elungileyo, iingcinga engaqhelekanga kunye nemibutho ziya kukwazi ukuba ndibhaptize bona ehlabathini le surrealists ixesha uze bafunde izinto ezintsha.

Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, lo kwemiYalezo kwiincwadi wafika kuqala kwinginginya ngo-1918, xa incwadi Andre Bretona and Filippa Supo "Fields Magnetic", sapapashwa. Le ndlela iye imvelaphi yayo kwezinye kwizicatshulwa, yaye le ncwadi, leyo iquka imisebenzi lweendidi ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo.

Ukulala yenye yemithombo yeNkosi eyayicace kunye nolwazi Surrealists. Ngelo xesha, kwakukho iimbongi ezithandwayo kwabanjwa uthotho lamathuba zokulala. Bona Robert Desnos - Imbongi odumileyo - waye ndamgqibela eluntwini oko ndabona ephupheni.

1924 kuba abasunguli kwaba usuku ebalulekileyo. Kulo nyaka kuye ukhuphe "IManifesto kwemiYalezo", apho amagama zawo ezingqongileyo ezidweliswe ngamalungu, indawo yawo eqhelekileyo, njalo njalo .. Ekuhambeni waqala ngexesha elifanayo ivele amaphephancwadi malinikelwe kulo isimbo. Elokuphetha, eli uhlobo ezaqala "uburharha abamnyama."

KwemiYalezo kule ncwadi ibonakala kakhulu kwisihobe, ngokunjalo iprozi ezincinane nemidlalo yeqonga. Umdlalo wokuqala surreal Rozhe Vitraka "Iimfihlelo Uthando" yaye kwango-1927.

ngomzobi Surrealist ngendlela yakhe utyebile iintlobo kunye neendlela. Ngenxa abanama- Umbono lula abstractionism ubugcisa, cubism. Impembelelo umsebenzi ngakumbi abazobi abaninzi baba kwemiYalezo. Amagcisa kunye nabalobi baye bafumana iindlela ezintsha kunye neendlela eziguqukileyo iimbono zabo, saqalisa ukukhangela ezinye iintlobo ukuzichaza ngokuyilayo. Naxa Russia sha-70-90, umzekelo, akwazi ukuhlangabezana iimbongi nababhali abangenazo ukuphambuka iingcamango surrealist.