Kuzinze yobuqhawe kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic (1941-1945)

Le kuzinze kweMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu ka 1941 - 1945 kunyaka - ukuba yinxalenye lomzabalazo, leyo eyenzelwe ukuba atshabalalise le nkqubo ye-software German (loku- ukutya, iimbumbulu, iindlela, njl ...). Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba abahlaseli ngokungenalusini karhulumente boyika kakhulu umbutho, ngoko ke wamphatha ngenkohlakalo kakhulu kumalungu.

RSFSR

Iingongoma eziphambili semisebenzi intshukumo ngokunomkhethe zaye laliqulunqwe kumyalelo ka-1941. Ngakumbi amanyathelo ayimfuneko echazwe ukuze kukaStalin ngo-1942.

Isiseko zamaqela yabanqolobi abantu abaqhelekileyo, ubukhulu becala ezinabantu, oko kukuthi, ukwazi ubomi phantsi phambi lwamaNazi namandla. imibutho ziye zaqala ukubonakala kwimihla yokuqala yemfazwe. Onamathele abadala, abasetyhini, amadoda, owathi, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, akazange athathe ngaphambili, kwaye nkqu nabantwana, oovulindlela.

Le kuzinze kweMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu ka 1941 - 1945 kwakukho yalawo, sixakeke ukuhlola (nokuba ingqondo) Ummeli ngoncedo wamajoni umkhosi USSR, atshabalalise utshaba ngqo.

Ngomhla kummandla RSFSR wenza amajoni ezininzi, amaqela ngabom, iikhompawundi (malunga 250 amawaka abantu), iyileyo iye iinzuzo ezinkulu ukuphumeza uloyiso. Amagama abaninzi baya kuhlala ngonaphakade encwadini yeembali imbali.

Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya, eyaba uphawu ubuqhawe, kwayekwa kwiphandle German for kwilali ukutshisa Petrishcheva, apho kwakukho webutho, waseJamani. Ngokuqhelekileyo, yena yedwa, kodwa ukuqondana, iqela labo engagqibekanga dissipated emva kokutsha kwezindlu ezintathu. Zoya ligqibe ukuba babuyele enye, ndiwufeze umsebenzi. Kodwa abahlali kakade qwa kunye uZoe wabamba. Kwakufuneka ukuba nge ya nxaniso ezoyikekayo kunye nokuthotywa (kuquka kwamanye), kodwa akazange anikezele nawaphi na amagama. AmaNazi wamxhoma intombazana, kodwa ngexesha kusetyenzwayo, akazange aphulukane isibindi, wabiza abantu Soviet ukulwa bahlaseli German. Umfazi wokuqala waba kokufa imbasa isihloko Hero eSoviet Union.

Byelorussian imthetho

I intshukumo ibandla e Belarus ngangosuku 1941 ukuya 1944. Ngeli xesha, kwagqitywa ekubeni oluninzi lwemisebenzi sicwangcisekileyo, engundoqo apho nowokupheliswa kwenkqubo koololiwe German namaculo kaloliwe ngqo apho kwazo.

Le kuzinze kweMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu ka 1941 - 1945 babencedisile exabiseke kakhulu kumlo ochasene zabahlaseli. 87 kubo bawongwa emkhosini ibhaso liphezulu eSoviet Union. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho uMarat Kasei, ezimnyaka elinesithandathu ubudala, ogama unina wabulawa yi yiJamani. Waye wajoyina i-iqela ngokunomkhethe ukuba ulikhusele njani ilungelo labo lenkululeko nobomi obonwabisayo. Njengoko abadala, wenza izabelo.

Phambi uloyiso uMarat akazange aphile ngonyaka. Yena wafa ngoMeyi 1944. Zonke afe emfazweni ngokwayo usizi, kodwa xa umntwana esifa uba kangangezihlandlo eziliwaka buhlungu kakhulu.

UMarat kunye engemveleli wakhe babuyela kwikomkhulu. Ngengozi bahlangana isiJamani sazela. Ingqwayi-ngqwayi wabulawa ngoko nangoko, lo mfana buhlungu kuphela. Adubula umva, wathi pheselele kungena emahlathini, kodwa amaJamani wamsukela. Nangona phezu iimbumbulu, uMarat wemka nokusukela. Kwaye ngoko ke kwangayo isigqibo esibalulekileyo. Lo mfana iziqhushumbisi ezimbini. Lowo ngoko nangoko niya kuphoswa iqela baseJamani kunye yesibini lanamathela esandleni sakhe ide ingqongwe. Emva koko waphefumlela ngayo, bethabathe nabo ekukhanyeni lamajoni German.

Ukrainian imthetho

Avela kwi War Patriotic Enkulu kwi kummandla USSR bemanyene iiyunithi 53 uqhagamshelwano 2145 kunye namaqela 1807, afikelela abantu malunga 220 amawaka.

Phakathi umyalelo iphambili intshukumo ngokunomkhethe e Ukraine ziyakwazi ukuchongeka K. I. Pogorelova, MI Karnauhova, S. A. Kovpaka, S. V. Rudneva, A. F. Fedorova kunye nabanye.

Sidor Artemevich Kovpak ngu Stalin benza nokukhuthazwa Ilungelo-Bank Ukraine, nto leyo eye phantse engasebenziyo. Oku kuba kuhlasela zeCarpath, yena yanikezelwa enye ngamabhaso.

Michael Karnaukhov wakhokela intshukumo in Donbass. Abangaphantsi balapha igama kuye "Batya" kuba neentlobano olufudumeleyo. Utata wabulawa amaJamani ngo-1943. Abahlali balapha ngasese imizi ihlala bahlanganisana ebusuku ukungcwaba kumthetheli kwaye amnike imbeko ngenxa.

Heroes kuzinze kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kamva kungcwatywa. Karnaukhov uphumle e Slavyansk, apho isidumbu sakhe wafuduselwa ngowe-1944, xa lo mmandla kukhululwa bahlaseli German.

Ngexesha Karnauhova looding satshatyalaliswa 1304 zwilakhe (ka-12 amagosa).

Estonian imthetho

Sele ngoJulayi 1941, umyalelo yanikwa lokusekwa unit yabanqolobi kummandla Estonia. umyalelo walo wawuquka B. G. Kumm, NG Karotamm, uY H. Lauristin.

Le kuzinze kweMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu ka 1941 - 1945 senze umqobo phantse gqithi e Estonia. Inani elikhulu labantu basekuhlaleni ngobubele amaJamani, abahlaseli nkqu bavuya ukuqondana ezinjalo.

Kungenxa yoko le nto kusifikeleyo oku endaweni imibutho namandla ngaphantsi amakhulu kunye namaqela abavukeli, ekufuneka ukuba ngakumbi ucinga ngobunono zithuthwa zakho, ngenxa ewolo kunokulindeleka naphi na.

Heroes eSoviet Union waqala Leena Kuhlman (edutyulwe amaJamani ngo-1943 njengegosa yezobuntlola eSoviet) kunye Vladimir Fedorov.

Latvian imthetho

De 1942, imisebenzi kuzinze e Latvia singahambi kakuhle. Oku kungenxa yokuba uninzi abagayi lwenkokheli zombutho ubulewe ekuqaleni kwemfazwe, abantu ukulungiselela amahlwempu, ngokomzimba ngokwasezimalini. Ngenxa ukuthiywa ngokutyeziswa ukuba yatshatyalaliswa ngamaNazi, akukho mbutho ngokufihlakeleyo. Ezinye kuzinze zobuqhawe kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II wafa ongenagama, hayi ukunika kwaye skoprometirovat namaqabane akhe.

Emva 1942 intshukumo leyo ebangele, abantu baqala ukuza ngokwamaqela nomnqweno ukunceda kwaye ukhululeke, kuba nabananisi German wathumela amakhulu Estonia eJamani ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima.

Phakathi iinkokheli intshukumo yabanqolobi Estonian yaba Arthur Sproģis, uqeqesho eyayibanjelwe uZoe Kosmodemyanskaya. Kwakhona abakhankanywe kwincwadi Hemingway, "Kuba lowo Bell toll".

Lithuanian imthetho

Ngomhla kwintsimi kuzinze Lithuanian kweMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu ka 1941 - 1945 yavelisa amakhulu wezenzo ngabom, ngesiphumo eyatshatyalaliswa phantse 10,000 baseJamani.

Xa inani elipheleleyo luqalile kubantu 9187 (kuphela amagama ebekwe) ezi Heroes ezisixhenxe eSoviet Union:

1. Yu Yu Aleksonis. umqhubi radio Underground, wabulawa lidabi olungalinganiyo, engqongwe ngabantu amaJamani ngo-1944.
2. SP Apivala. Qhuba wabatshabalalisa kwizikhundla utshaba ezisixhenxe emthethweni.
3. GI Boris. Injengele iqela ngabom ekhethekileyo, wabulawa ngamaGestapo ngezandla, emva kokugqitywa ibanjwa ngo-1944.
4. AM Cheponis. umqhubi Radio, owabulawa ngowe-1944 xa kwidabi elinye nxamnye units amaJamani. Abulawe 20 lwamaNazi.
5. M. I. Melnikayte. Yena yathinjwa, eyayibanjelwe kwangesibonda le veki yonke, ngaphandle esithi amaNazi ayikho la mazwi, kodwa wandiqhwaba elinye amagosa Wehrmacht ebusweni. Wadubula ngo-1943.
6. BV Urbanavichus. Koko wabubhekisa kuzinze iqela mbuso.
7. YT Vitas. Intloko komhlaba Lithuanian elithile. Yena yathinjwa ze wadutyulwa amaNazi, emva yokulahlwa imbuka ngo-1943.

Heroes kuzinze Patriotic IMfazwe Enkulu ka-1941 - 1945 e Lithuania walwa nje kuphela bahlaseli, kodwa ne-Lithuanian Liberation Army, engaquki kunqumla amaJamani yaye befuna ukumtshabalalisa amajoni Soviet kunye Polish.

Moldavian imthetho

Ebudeni beminyaka emine amaqela yabanqolobi kummandla Moldova, malunga 27 amawaka amaNazi kunye nawo babulawa. Ngenxa yabo nokutshatyalaliswa isixa esikhulu izixhobo zomkhosi, iimbumbulu, ukusuka yemigca. Heroes kuzinze IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic 1941 - 1945 inxaxheba ukukhululwa oluza kunye leebhulethini ingcaciso ukwenzela ukugcina nesibindi zoluntu kunye nokholo eloyisweni.

Two - Heroes eSoviet Union - V. I. Timoschuk (umphathi le khompawundi Yokuqala aseMoldova) kunye N. M. Frolov (14 oololiwe isiJamani nophondo phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe).

ukumelana yamaJuda

70 Amaqela wenkululeko kuphela yamaYuda elisebenza kummandla USSR. injongo yabo yayikukuba ukugcina aseleyo amaYuda.

Ngelishwa, umkhosi amaYuda kwafuneka lijongane anti-Semitic, nditsho phakathi kuzinze Soviet. Uninzi lwabo zange afune nokunika nayiphi na inkxaso ukuze aba bantu nolutsha yamaYuda kumacandelo abo bathathwa kabuhlungu.

Uninzi kumaYuda abavela xian. abantwana badla phakathi kwabo.

Le kuzinze kweMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu ka 1941 - 1945 wenza umsebenzi omkhulu, babencedisile elingathethekiyo oluBomvu Army inkululeko ezabelwe, uloyiso phezu fascists German.