Battle of Stalingrad kunye imbasa "ukuziphendulela Stalingrad"

Nakule kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, idabi akafumaneki ezaziza kuba kubaluleke kakhulu okanye likhulu kune kwedabi Stalingrad, emva koko imikhosi Soviet waqalisa ukuhlasela phantse lonke umgca ngaphambili, yaye ekugqibeleni wathabatha Berlin. Ngokuba nenxaxheba kulo eqaqambileyo kwaye ngexesha elinye kabuhlungu isiganeko okulwa ayikwazanga umvuzo. "Kuba woKhuselo of Stalingrad" Ngaloo yaziswa imbasa.

impi Stalingrad

Imbasa inikwa amajoni eSoviet abathabatha inxaxheba ukuziphendulela isixeko Stalingrad ngo-1942-1943 kwaye wabonisa nokuqina nenkalipho ongenakoyiswa, esilwa notshaba. Ngehlobo lika-1942, ama iqela lwamaNazi mkhosi wasondela emzini. Malunga 2800 amawaka. Amagosa kunye zangasese, 3.5 amawaka. Mortars, ngaphezu kwe-1 amawaka. Aircraft waqalisa ukuba ahlasele Stalingrad. imikhosi German bamchasa amawaka 150. amajoni Soviet abo amatanki axhobileyo 400, imipu 2,000 kunye mortars, 730 moya.

Isigaba Ilungelo Idabi Stalingrad (Julayi - Novemba 1942) waye Uyalwa ngaphezu ekhubekisayo. Nomkhosi wayephatha monakalo mkhulu kwenani imikhosi yaseJamani bangamaqhawe ekuzalisekiseni imiyalelo ukususela ngoJulayi 28, 1942 "Akukho inyathelo elinye emva!" Yaye eneneni, amajoni Soviet nolubanjwa qho imitha ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe. Ngexesha wokhuselo bamagazi esitratweni ukulwa amaJamani elichithwe babulawa kwalimala abangaphezu kwama-600 amawaka. Man, uninzi amatanki kunye moya nazo batshatyalaliswe. Kwixesha elizayo, ukulahlekelwa imikhosi Hitler zinyuke kuphela. AmaJamani sinyamalale Stalingrad enyanisweni ikota yabasebenzi, ababesilwa yonke ngaphambili eSoviet-German (malunga nezigidi-1.6). Ngu ekuqaleni kuka February 1943 eliCebisayo zwilakhe kwi Stalingrad ndiyimfe ngokupheleleyo kwaye phantse batshatyalaliswe.

Ukusekwa imedali "Kuba woKhuselo of Stalingrad"

Amadangatye abalwayo nangoku Wavutha kuloo mzi ngomhla iVolga, kwaye inkokheli ephezulu lizwe sele ucinga amaqhawe ewonga. Ngenxa yoko, isigqibo ngokusekwa imbasa "ukuziphendulela Stalingrad" wavunywa ngo December 1942. Uhombiso kwayilwa amabhaso lomculi N. I. Moskalevym. Izicwangciso ibhaso imbasa, hayi kuphela abahlali zomkhosi kodwa, ukuba bonke abathathi-nxaxheba ngqo kwi ukukhusela Stalingrad kwaqwalaselwa. Ingakumbi ukuba ngaphezu kwe-15,000 abahlali phakathi komzi ngokuzithandela kwi Abantu wamajoni, bangamaqhawe ndikhusela ilizwe labo lokuzalwa.

Ngokuphathelele emkhosini: Imbasa enikezelwe omabini amagosa kunye namajoni eziqhelekileyo zesiqhelo. Le mbasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Stalingrad" kungabelwana abavikeli zobugorha ulwandle nomhlaba imikhosi, imbasa ngokuxhomekeke kuzo zonke iintlobo mkhosi.

Ukuveliswa iimbasa

Ekuqaleni wayecebe ukuvelisa ibhaso le insimbi, kodwa umthetho Ephakamileyo yiSoviet of ngoMatshi 30, 1943 samkelwa eziphathekayo ukuze athwale imbasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Stalingrad" zezobhedu. Kwicala reverse umvuzo iye isetyenziswe namba, nto leyo kwakuhambisana inombolo yesazisi lamabhaso yekhethelo.

incazelo

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, umvuzo kwenziwa ngobhedu ngohlobo isangqa encinane, ubukhulu ogama 32 mm. Le obverse le ngqekembe zazibonisa iqembu abalwa kunye iingalo, ngokuchasene nemvelaphi ibhanile ebomvu kwicala lasekhohlo babone kucacile-moya kunye namatanki ezihambayo. Kwinxalenye engentla imbasa kuba inkwenkwezi-etsolo ezintlanu, encotsheni apho othi "FOR SOKUZIKHUSELA Stalingrad" isicelo. On the reverse yesahlulo ubonisa isando irhengqa kunye namagama "Kuba kwizwekazi looMawokhulu bethu eSoviet".

Isiseko ukulungisa le ngqekembe i block pentagonal. Imbasa iqhotyoshelweyo ndigunyaziswa lugs namakhonkco ezincinane. Block ngokwayo igutyungelwe moire ngentsontelo yemisonto ndinjengomnquma oluhlaza, embindini apho i lume ebomvu ngomvumbo. Ububanzi zephetshana ulingana no-2 mm, kwaye tape ngokwawo - 24 mm.

Yanikezelwa ukuziphendulela Stalingrad

Amaqhawe injalo Stalingrad ukusuka amaNazi, ngokuba abemaninzi ukuba kuphela ibhaso, kodwa ke akukwazekanga ukuba ukubala zonke. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo jikelele, 760 amawaka abantu bewiselwe imbasa "ukuziphendulela Stalingrad". Izintlu ethenjiweyo somamkeli ngamnye alfabhethi, okanye ezinye umyalelo, akunakufane batsaleleke up. Kodwa kuyenzeka ukubona ezifakelwe kuwongwa. Kwakhona kuyenzeka, ukwazi igama kunye nefani nxaxheba IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, funda oko siye Uzuza amanqaku umyalelo umahluko. Ngokutsho ezi mbali data ze ufunde ngakumbi malunga amabhaso ukuziphendulela Stalingrad.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba imbasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Stalingrad" owokuqala ukufumana: kukumthetheli-mkhosi 64th MS Shumilov, usihlalo weBhunga sisiXeko Stalingrad DM Pigalov, uSihlalo weKomiti eLawulayo ye-Stalingrad I. F. Zimenko, unobhala zeqela I. I. Bondar . Njengendlela yokubhiyozela iminyaka engama-20 Ukoyisa Enkulu, Stalingrad wawongwa isihloko Hero-City yaye wawongwa imbasa "Gold Star".

Idabi Stalingrad yaba imbali yeMfazwe yeSibini yeHlabathi njengomzekelo eyodwa nesibindi ubuqhawe, kule nkalo, kwaye wadalwa imbasa "ukuziphendulela Stalingrad".