Kutheni yokonga imali embi

Kutshanje, ukuba iminxeba zethu arhente rhoqo ngombuzo, yintoni usindisa mali enkulu, ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokuthenga karhulumente indlela linikeza ixabiso - kakuhle, oku kuyinyaniso?

Ewe, okunene, ulwazi ufikelelo evulekileyo ebizwa amanani ngokomyalelo abayi- Billionaire (8-9 bn. A ngonyaka) imali xa usebenzisa ukuthenga indlela yekhompyutha ixabiso inikeza phezu ukuthoba ixabiso kwenkqubo [1]. Kwaye oku kodwa beqikelela uvuyo nekratshi babantu abanjalo 'imali' ingenalo novelwano.

Makhe usebenzisa isixhobo yolawulo lomgangatho uya kujongana ubunjalo mbuzo. Le nkqubo apha imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. amalungu akhutheleyo umsebenzi woluntu, ukudala ixabiso, wavakalisa nemali. Kulo lonke uluntu unomdla kulo msebenzi, kodwa uyaqonda ukuba oko kuyimfuneko ukuze sizokubanakho ukuhlawula iinkqubo zentlalo (imfundo, ezempilo) kunye neendleko deadweight (emkhosini, amapolisa, izaphuli-mthetho). Isigqibo yenziwe ukuba lirhoxe kukusebenza ejikeleza kawonke-mali ngohlobo irhafu, ngokuthi wokulondoloza imali karhulumente. Yalela amalungu oluntu, axakeke awenzi nto yexabiso, sabe wokulondoloza imali karhulumente ngokungqinelana uluvo loluntu, esamkelwa ekufundeni yokuqala, abakhethiweyo abameli igunya oluntu. Le mali iya kusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezimbini. Okokuqala, abo amalungu omphakathi musa ukudala ubutyebi (ezentlalo, ngokomoya, ezentlalo, kunye nabanye.) Yaye ngoko babuyele kwimisebenzi yokusebenza le nkampani. Okwesibini, ukuba apho wokubuyiswa akulindelekanga ukubaa (kwi yasemkhosini badubula uluhlu, "utshintshelo" kwamanye amazwe, kunye nabanye.). Kucacile ukuba uqoqosho zoluntu unomdla kakhulu imali abstract kakhulu ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka emva yasasazwa (imali yenza imali). Inoku engqondweni, "redistributors" wethu baqesha ndivakalisa lokurhweba ngekhompyutha yempahla kunye neenkonzo. Le nkqubo ilula - ngubani na oya kuninika amaxabiso aphantsi, uya kufumana i-odolo. Senza i "kwafunyaniswa" - ixabiso imveliso (zokuthengwa kweempahla neenkonzo) umiselwa yintlaninge ekwiseli iimpawu apho ubunjani ngemigudu kunye nenzuzo elifunekayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba uyeka ngezantsi umbundu iimveliso umgangatho (yenzuzo kangangoko ukunikezela phezulu), uya kufumana "ngexabiso ubuncinane - umgangatho minimum". Ngenxa yoko, usebenzisa iqabane Pareto umthetho, sinokuyifumana 80% ucwangco karhulumente - imveliso enesiphako, 19,85% - eyamkelekileyo mhlawumbi kwaye 0,15% karhulumente igcinwe mali zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ukusebenzisa amanani -mali State of the Republic of Kazakhstan [2], le pesenti ukuguqulela kwi Tenge:

- market yokuthenga karhulumente uthelekelelwa 5423 billion.

- athenga imveliso eliphantsi-umgangatho - 4338 billion.

- asethi ezingaphuhliswanga - 8 billion.

Ngokutsho "Kazinform" [3], GDP Kazakhstan i- ngo-2011 yaba ku-27 306 ezigidi. Kubonakala ukuba-15% yentlalo-ntle "redistributors" bethu okungafanelekanga. Ukuba nemihlali ekukhuleni GDP ngonyaka ka-7.5%, kucacile ukuba inani ka-15% yintlekele.

Kukho omnye ezincinane kakhulu. Enyanisweni, zokuthenga i-nkqubo, xa kukho locaphulo ubuncinane ingqamana ukuya kwenye kwinkqubo karhulumente karhulumente Afrika. umongo wayo kukuba naliphi na umfazi linye isicelo kwiqumrhu lombuso ukhetho indoda. mbono mkhulu, kodwa mnye caveat amancinci - umyeni wakhe uthe wabona yokuqala isilili somtshato kunye nobhaliso izandla kunye nokungabikho epheleleyo lweenketho ku ubomi bakhe bonke. Ngoko ke apha, "Surprise" inkqubo enjalo iimveliso ukukhetha umboneleli iphula mgaqo uphambili ulawulo lomgangatho - ezikhethiweyo nkonzo. Ngenxa "redistributor" ayikwazi ngokwayo ukukhetha umthengisi, yaye ekugqibeleni obangela umgangatho imveliso ethengelwe imali zabantu.

Le ngxoxo iphambili "zooyise" State kuthengwa iinkqubo ezinjalo, kuba Yebo ekulweni urhwaphilizo. Kule ndaba, mna inqaku eqhiwukileyo, ebe wabhala Emva kokufunda umzabalazo olungenasiphelo leenyosi ezinobusi. Kodwa ke, xa kwisakhelo sale ncwadi, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba ezi mibuzo ezimbini ezinxulumeneyo kakhulu.

Noko ke, simele sizame ukushwankathela lethu.

1. Kakade ke, inkqubo yokuthengwa kwempahla karhulumente kufuneka kwakhiwe ngokusekelwe imigaqo yolawulo lomgangatho ezisibhozo. Khetha umxhasi, yaye oku, endleleni, inkampani hayi isicaka karhulumente. Chaza yomntu olucacileyo luxanduva lwabaphathi kunye neencutshe abazibandakanya lokuthenga, kwaye bathembele-software and hardware yekhompyutha.
2. Sebenzela kwiinjongo ezithile. Xa ugqibe ukuba i "kumatshini", oko kukhokelela ukuthotywa bomntu umntu. iye Ukuba inkampani yakho zaphathiswa ukulawula izibonelelo zalo, ngoko umphathi karhulumente lakho inqanaba kufuneka ibe phezulu ngokwaneleyo. Ufuna uqeqesho izixhobo zolawulo mihla kunye nomgangatho ideology ophezulu kakhulu isicaka yoluntu.
3. Ilayini up izalathisi ezingundoqo yokusebenza inkqubo yokusebenzisa le mali karhulumente, leyo ngokwayo kuphela yinxalenye yenkqubo lokuthenga. Akukho mfuneko yokuba ukusebenza omkhulu amanani elililo, xelela nje ukuba ingeniso eninzi wafumana Tenge enye imali.
4. Savings okanye overruns wezeMali, esi salathisi ayikho izicwangciso elungileyo kunye nolawulo zokusebenza. Sele yake isilogeni "isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu kwiminyaka emithathu" - siyazi ukuba indlela eliphele ngayo. imithetho kuphela ecacileyo kuqoqosho ukulawula!
5. Kufuneka ingxelo nzima ukulawula i "uzinzo" kwinkqubo yokuthengwa kwempahla karhulumente kunye nokusetyenziswa kohlahlo olusebenzayo ngokusekelwe esweni yoluntu kunye ngokutsha. Self-uvavanyo kunye self-bake kudala singqiniwe ukuba bayasilela. ukusetyenziswa ekujoliswe host iimali zabo kufuneka ukuzibamba, kwimeko yethu kule host kufuneka uluntu.

Thina kudala bafundiswa ukuba siphile ngayo, kodwa bafundisa ukulawula ubomi babo. Masizame.

AV Bandura

aviso@aviso.kz

Izingqiniso:

1. Tatiana Batishcheva, intatheli zemali. (http://www.forbes.kz/blogs/blogsid_49/
2. urhulumente Electronic weRiphabliki Kazakhstan. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali karhulumente weRiphabliki Kazakhstan ngoJanuwari 1, 2012.
3. Kazinform. Meyrambek Baigarin (http://inform.kz/rus/article/2441319)