Ukulungiswa kwamabhodi ngamabhinqa ngezandla. Ukungasebenzi kwebhodi lebhodi

Naliphi i-electronics ekugqibeleni iyakwehluleka Nangona kunjalo, akubona bonke abanikazi bezixhobo zekhompyutha abakwazi ukuqonda isizathu salo okanye ukuba ukungasebenzi kombane. Ngoku ukuqala simangaliswa: ukulungiswa ngempumelelo kwamabhodi ebhodi kunye nezandla zabo kunokwenzeka kwaye kunokwenene nakwizinga lokuqalisa. Kunzima ukukholelwa, kodwa uqeqesho lubonisa ukuba kuphela ipesenti zeekhompyutha ezifake amaziko eenkonzo kwiimeko ezipheleleyo okanye ezingenakusebenza kakuhle zifuna inkqubo elula yokubuyisela. Iingxaki zekhompyutheni eziseleyo zixazululwe ngokukhawuleza nakwi-site, oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezilungeleyo zokulungisa kunye nolwazi olukhethekileyo lwekhompyutha. Abo ba kholelwa ngokwabo kunye nobuchule babo, abangafuni ukulahlekelwa ixesha kunye nemali - banikezelwa kwinqaku.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yoshishino ...

Ukuze ulungise amabhodi amabhodi ngezandla zakho, udinga umonde omncinci kunye nolwazi olusisiseko. Ngoko, okokuqala, cwaka - uya kuphumelela. Ngokuphathelele imeko yokugqibela - sifunda kwaye sikhumbule oku kulandelayo:

• Ungakulibali ukuba ikhompyutheni inikwe amandla kumandla, okukhokelela kwisigqibo esinengqiqo: kufuneka ulandele owaziwayo (ngaphandle koko kufuneka ufunde ngokucophelela umbuzo) amanyathelo okukhusela - oku kubalulekile!
• Okwesibini - ngaphandle kwe-cross-like and screwdriver engokoqobo nje ayikwazi ukwenza.
• Okwesithathu - ukuba ufuna ukuqonda ubuninzi bokulungisa amaebhodi ngamabhinqa ngezandla zakho, ngoko kufuneka uzibambe nge-multimeter.

Kwaye ngaphambi kokugqiba eli candelo, umqathango wokugqibela: ingqalelo enkulu kunye nokunyaniseka kwintsebenzo. Njengoko ubona, akukho nto ibhaliwe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho enye ingongoma ekufuneka ikhankanywe ngayo: iinkqubo zekhompyutheni zingonakaliswe ngcinezelo. Ngoko ke, umzimba wakho ufuna ukukhutshwa. Thinta inxalenye engagqitywanga yebhetri yokufudumeza okanye uthinte enye into. Ngexesha lomsebenzi wokulungisa kunye ne-PC, ngokuphindaphindiwe uphinda "ukukhulula imeko".

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwebhodi lebhodi

• Iintsilelo eziqhelekileyo zixhumo lwenkqubo yekhompyutha: COM, PS / 2 kunye ne-USB. Kwimeko apho umsebenzisi uqhagamshela ngokusisigxina nayiphi na ifowuni yeselula ukuhanjiswa kwedatha okanye isebenzise enye idivaysi yechungechunge, kusenokwenzeka ukuba i-port esetyenziswa kakhulu iya kubonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza.
• Amagunya okuqala awonakalisa kuzo zonke izixhobo zekhompyutha. Njengomthetho, ngenxa yoluhluko, iifom kunye nezinto ezingekho phantsi kweekhompyutheni zenkqubo, umzekelo, i-capacitors, zitshiswa kuqala.
• Ukuba enye yezipholizi zingaphandle komyalelo, ngoko xa uvula ikhompyutha, mhlawumbi, ukukhuselwa kwe-thermal kuyasebenza. Ngeke kwenzeke ukuvula iPC.
• Inqabile kakhulu, kodwa ihambelana neloluhlu "lwe-motherboard ukungasebenzi": i-firmware ye-BIOS ihluleka. Kule meko, ikhompyutheni iyakwazi ukuphendula kumyalelo onamandla, kodwa i-"live" yayo idla ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni enokuyenza xa omnye umxhasi ebhodini engasebenzi

Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuba ifowuni exhunyiwe isebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Akunakunyulwa ukuba ngenxa yempembelelo yendlela yokusebenza ngayo i-solder ngokwayo yaphulwa. Ukuhamba ngenyameko ngentsimbi ye-soldering (40 watts - amandla amkelekileyo) kwinqanaba leenkcukacha zenyama. Ukutshintshwa kwechweba kudla ixesha elidlulileyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ingozi yokukhubaza izixhobo zokubambisa ezikufutshane nendawo echithwe kuyo. Ngoko ibhodi lebhodi lihlelwe, ngoko ke kungcono ukudibana neengcali kunye neengxaki eziye zavela. Ngendlela, kunokuhle kwenzeke ukuba umnxibelelwano onomdla kuyo ukhutshaziwe kwiisethingi zeBIOS. Yiya kwinkqubo yesiseko uze ukhangele ukuze ubone ukuba oku kunjalo.

Indlela yokulahla "imilayezo" yokubulala

Ukuba i-PC yakho ichaneka "iyawa" engaziwayo, kwaye isikrini sinamanzi anombala obomvu nombhalo ongenakuqondakala, umele ubeke ingqalelo kwizinto ezibalulekileyo zenkqubo.

• Mhlawumbi i- CPU iyatshisa ngenxa yenkqubo yokupholisa.
• I-RAM ayihambelani nokucwangciswa kwe-PC okanye yonakaliswe ngokwenyama.
• I-drive drive ikhathele umlinganiselo wayo wokusebenza okanye idinga ukulungiswa kwesofthiwe.

Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwanoma yiyiphi enye ilapha ngentla kwenkqubo kungakhokelela kwimeko enokudakalisa - uya kufuna ukulungiswa okulukhuni lwe-motherboard yekhompyutha. Khumbula ukuba utshaba olubaluleke kakhulu lwee-computing luye lushisa. Inkqubo yokupholisa imele ihlale isebenza, kwaye abalandeli kufuneka babe namandla aneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukulungiswa kobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza kwazo zonke izinto ze-hardware zenkqubo.

Ukongeza koku ngasentla: i-BIOS ikhuthaza

Ungethuki ukuba i-PC yakho ikhupha izandi ezingekho zendalo ngexesha lokuqalisa - oku kubonakaliswe kwi-BIOS ngephutha ethile. Ngenxa yeenguqu ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuqhawula ngokuqhelekileyo amadivaysi e-computing, ngamnye umenzi onikezelwe ngokwahlukileyo usebenzisa icebo lakhe lomqondiso. Ngako oko, umntu akanako ukusho ngokungathandabuzekiyo ukuba yintoni "inqaku" elifutshane kunye ne "pi-i-i" ende. Ukumiswa kwemilayezo yomsindo kufunyanwa kwisayithi esemthethweni yomenzi wesicaciso esithile. Emva koko qhubeka ngokuphathelele ulwazi olufunyenweyo. Ngendlela, ungalibali ukutshintsha ibhetri ebhodini. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, xa ufuna ukuvuselela i-chip ye-BIOS, unokufuna izixhobo ezizodwa - umprofeti.

Kuthekani ukuba ikhomputer ayifuni nonke?

Ngoko, singenza njani ukulungiswa ngokuzimeleyo kwebhodi lebhodi phantsi kweemeko zokungaphumeleli? Umzekelo osebenzayo kunye neengcebiso ezinyathelo ngamanyathelo zilindele wena, mfundi othandekayo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kwindlela yokuziphatha kwendlela yokuxilonga echazwe ngezantsi, i-multimeter iyadingeka.

• Vula ikhomputha kwaye uqinisekise ukuba i-LED kwibhodi ye-motherboard ikhona-imeko yayo esebenzayo ibonisa ukuba kukho i-standby voltage kwibhodi ephambili.
• Kwimeko apho kungekho sikhombisi eso, kubalulekile ukudibanisa ukunikezelwa kwamandla okuhle.

• Ukuba isiphumo sisezintlu, oko kukuthi, xa iPC iqala "ukuthula", nqakraza zonke izinamathiselo: susa i-CPU yokupholisa ukupholisa kunye neprojector ngokwayo, ukususa imemori yeememori kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo, ukukhupha i disk ekhuni, ikhadi levidiyo kunye nee-adapters zenethiwekhi.
• Ukuhlola ngokucophelela i-motherboard ngenkohlakalo kunye nokulimala komzimba. Unokufumana ama-capacitors anexabiso okanye ezinye izinto ezingaphumeleli.
• Ukuxhomekeka kokumakishwa kweengxenye eziphosakeleyo, zibuyisele esikhundleni.

Njengoko uyakubona, ukulungiswa kweebhodi zamabhinqa ngezandla zakho, ngokuqhelekileyo, kuyinkqubo elula, kodwa kunzima ukuqhubeka.

Indlela ephezulu ngakumbi yokufumanisa ukungasebenzi

Xa i-PSU ivuliwe, thepha inethiwekhi, i-audio kunye ne-chipset chips ngomunwe wakho, ulandelelwano kunye nenyameko. Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba nayiphi na enye yeengxenye ishushu kakhulu, isisombululo siya kwithengisa leenkonzo. Konke kulungile - siya phambili.

• Amanye amabhodi omama anokukwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwe-CPU efakwe, phantsi kwalo mqathango, unokulinganisela umbane kwibhosi yamandla ebhodi kwaye uqinisekise ukuba umguquleli usebenza.
• Misela i-multimeter kwi "20 volts" isikhundla.
• Faka i-dipstick kwisigxina samandla se-PSU (emhlabathini), kunye neyona enye ekuthinteni umlenze ongezantsi we-throttle nganye (zifumaneka kufuphi ne-socket yeboardboard). Ukuba isiphumo sisondele kwi-0.8, konke kulungile. Ngaphandle koko, kuyimfuneko ukufumana i-transistor ehlongoweyo kumbane okanye ukubuyisela umlawuli we-voltage. Ngokuqinisekileyo, konke oku kwenziwa emva kokuchukumisa ngokukhawuleza inkqubo efanelekileyo ye-Power Bat ekuqaleni kokuqhagamshelana.

Ekugqibeleni

Iingongoma eziphambili zendlela yokulungisa ama-motherboards, sihlolisise. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeendlela ezintle ezingenakungeniswa kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo "izigubhu", iindlela ezikhoyo zokuxilonga nokubuyisela ukusebenza kwebhodi le-motherboard zingenakukwazi. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku unolwazi oluthile, oluya kukunceda ukuba ubuyele "kubomi" bakho ikhompyutheni oyithandayo. Zonke iinkqubo ezilungileyo neempumelelo zokubuyisela amabhodi wamabhinqa!