Yintoni na nokuhlelwa yorhwebo yomsebenzi angaphandle yezoqoqosho?

iyunithi nganye imveliso, wazenza ngokuphuma emigubasini amasiko, iwise inkqubo yokuchonga okhethekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ufumana ikhowudi ye yorhwebo nokuhlelwa msebenzi amazwe kwezoqoqosho. Le nkqubo yenziwa phantsi imithetho ekhoyo Russian ivumela ukuba uthotho imicimbi yezoqoqosho. Ezi ziquka, ingakumbi, iquka iintlawulo, ixabiso le nkcazelo, ucwangciso nokunikwa kwengxelo. Ukongeza, yorhwebo nokuhlelwa omnye umsebenzi zangaphandle (CN uk) ivumela ukuba sifunde ulwakhiwo urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Iimpawu TN mihla Russian ved

Isiseko ezisetyenziswa Russian Federation abasemagunyeni amasiko HS, waba inkqubo yehlabathi yokuhlelwa kunye nenkcazo eneenkcukacha leeyunithi yemveliso. Modern yorhwebo nokuhlelwa umsebenzi amazwe kwezoqoqosho Russian Federation ithi yahlulwe ngokwamacandelo 21 kunye namaqela 97. Ayavumelana kumgaqo yokukhetheka iimpawu iiyunithi imveliso. Iikhrayitheriya asetyenziswe ekwakheni inkqubo yokuhlela zezi:

- ukuvelisa izinto ezibonakalayo;

- imisebenzi esisiseko esebenza;

- umsebenzi.

Iyunithi iqhelekileyo yokulinganisa ubunzima yorhwebo, va ngeekhilogram.

Xa kokunika ehambelana imveliso ikhowudi TN ved inxenye ezintathu:

- nokuhlelwa;

- Amanqaku Group kunye nezigaba;

- imithetho yokuqingqa imisebenzi esisiseko imveliso.

Misclassification ngokukhomba data engalunganga kwi kwisibhengezo uya kuqulatha butyala phantsi komthetho yangoku Russian.

Imisebenzi ye HS and HS

I yorhwebo nokuhlelwa angaphandle isithuthi kwezoqoqosho nobunye zonke iimveliso kwamanye amazwe kunye umanyano lwesizwe. Ngenxa yoko, oku kuqinisekisa iinkqubo hlabathi yorhwebo ehambelanayo. Oku, ichaphazela ukusebenza urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Uninzi amazwe kunye nemibutho namasiko, usebenzisa umsebenzi wakhe universal zavumelana System (HS). Yena sungula kwaye liphumeze inkqubo jikelele kunye nemithetho bokunikeza iimpahla amanani nokuhlelwa. status GS omiswe amalungiselelo ekhethekileyo yezizwe ngezizwe. Xa uqeqeshelwa ukuba nokuhlelwa eqhelekileyo lula kakhulu urhwebo phakathi ngabalawulwa kwimarike yehlabathi.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe HS e imvume amasiko

I yorhwebo nokuhlelwa umsebenzi zangaphandle, esetyenziswa kumazwe amaninzi, ezilungiselelweyo ngokucacileyo kwaye eneenkcukacha. Kwi siseko yayo, yonke urhafiso zokwakha iimveliso emsebenzini. Ngokuphathelele kule nkqubo yokuhlela yeyona ndlela esisiseko kwaye ngokukuko ukuyilwa komgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente eqhelekileyo kwinqanaba wolawulo lweerhafu kunye namasiko. Trade International Ulwakhiwo isebenzisa iindlela ezithile yempembelelo kurhwebo lwehlabathi (kokubini ngokubanzi kwaye kwizifundo zayo). Ezi ziquka:

- umthetho zeerhafu namasiko okanye irhafu;

- ekuqalisweni iimvumelwano nciphiso kunye nezivumelwano phakathi nxaxheba market;

- Amanyathelo ejoliswe ekwandiseni elizweni okanye kwamanye amazwe.

Amasiko-lweerhafu kunye namanyathelo ummiselo non-lweerhafu ngokusekelwe kwi HS

Trade amazwe ye-Russian Federation ilawulwa ngumthetho osebenzayo. Njengenxalenye ezingummiselo bavumelekile ukuba basebenzise uluhlu lweerhafu kunye neendlela nontariff. Umsebenzi ophambili amasiko kunye neendlela lweerhafu na ukhuselo nophuhliso imarike lwangaphakathi. iindlela Non-lweerhafu zibonakaliswa ngokwemo sisigwebo imigangatho karhulumente, phakathi-sikhokelo apho Rhweba ngaphakathi no Rhweba kweempahla ekhankanyiweyo nomenclatures. I yorhwebo nokuhlelwa lomsebenzi angaphandle noqoqosho yeyona nto yemali ummiselo umthamo yorhwebo namanye amazwe evela kurhulumente. Kwi ineziseko zayo amanani iindleko akhiwa ukuba uhlobo oluthile yempahla. Nangona kunjalo, lo ummiselo amasiko uluhlu lwamaxabiso karhulumente eyona njongo iphambili HS. Ubukhulu becala yorhwebo nokuhlelwa lomsebenzi amazwe noqoqosho ukunciphisa iindleko ixesha zavunyelwa. Ukongezelela, oko kunceda ekuphuculeni umgangatho wenkonzo, ligcina manani kunye nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.

Jikelele yemakethi ihlabathi liye kunyanzeleka amalungu ayo ukuba bafune izixhobo ezintsha kolawulo ukuhamba kwempahla. Kwabakho imfuneko ukugcina iirekhodi intshukumo kwezinto eziyingozi kubomi babantu, kwakunye neentlobo, emi elunxwemeni lokutshabalala eziphilayo. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa iindlela zomthetho bamazwe ukuvela inkqubo olubanzi zokuhlela behlabathi, wanikel 'ingqalelo injongo kwemizimba namasiko izifundo zemalike interstate. Ngelo xesha nye igcine kungenzeka ukuba uguqule isakhiwo ikhowudi ngokubanzi iimfuno nxaxheba nganye wentengiso, ngaphandle kokwaphula imigaqo nokuhlelwa ngamazwe.

imisebenzi HS

I yorhwebo nokuhlelwa lomsebenzi amazwe yoqoqosho iquka inkcazelo eneenkcukacha iiyunithi kwimveliso kunye nokuhlelwa yayo ibe ixabiso lwedijithali (abalinganiswa 10). Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze lula nkqubo zilandelayo:

- amasiko kunye umthetho zokurhafisa;

- ulawulo ezingezo-lweerhafu;

- izifundo izibalo;

- lokusekwa iinkcukacha yedijithali le nkqubo.

Ukusetyenziswa HS xa kubhaliswayo kwe kwisibhengezo amasiko ukuba iimpahla, unga:

- ohlangeneyo indlela yokuhlela iimveliso;

- ukubala ngokuchanekileyo inani imisebenzi namasiko;

- ukuqokelela iphakheji olufunekayo lwamaxwebhu imveliso ezihamba;

- ukusebenza ngalo kwaye nokuqulunqa ulwazi malunga nemveliso kuphando zamanani.

izibalo amasiko

umsebenzi Foreign yoqoqosho Russian lilawulwa kwi-manani namasiko, isiseko structuring leyo ulwahlulohlulo ngokutsho HS. Ukusebenzisa le nkqubo yokuhlela ikuvumela ukuba ukuphumeza ezi njongo zilandelayo:

- ukugcina iirekhodi iimveliso badlula ulawulo namasiko;

- ukwazisa ummiselo non-uluhlu lwamaxabiso iinkqubo yokungenisa okanye kwamanye amazwe;

- ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiinguqu kurhwebo lwehlabathi.

Kukho ziphuhliswa ngokukodwa evunyiweyo indlela yokuqokelela manani namasiko eRashiya. Isetyenziswa lokuqulunqa injongo nangexesha elililo manani namasiko, uqeqesho lweengqokelela ezizodwa nohlalutyo. Ngokutsho kubo, yenza uphando kunye nohlahlelo ubudlelwane Russian urhwebo kunye namahlakani alo kwimarike - kwamanye amazwe. Iinkcukacha-manani masiko ziquka iimveliso kuphela, oko akuthethi ukulungisa korhwebo kwiinkonzo.