Ixesha elifanelekileyo kumthetho wembambano. Imbuyekezo for ephula ixesha elifanelekileyo

Umthetho Civil - enye amasebe zibalulekileyo zomthetho, elawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu ngokusemthethweni ekusebenziseni amalungelo abo yezentlalo kunye noqoqosho. Le yangoku i-Code Civil iqulethe inani elikhulu lwemithetho eziseka izibonelelo ezisisiseko ebomini bethu, yaye imithetho yokuziphatha efanelekileyo okanye samkelekile, kufuneka bathobele. Kakade ke, naziphi na iimvumelwano okanye ilungelo iza kumiliselwa kwixesha elithile. Oko mayixhonywe ngqo isivumelwano okanye ngumthetho, kwaye alunakubakho kunye ibonisa ixesha elaneleyo komsebenzi xexo.

Imigaqo yomthetho kunye nenkqubo

Ngaphambi kokuba sihlole ngqo ngokwabo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuyimfuneko ukumisela indawo yazo nokubaluleka kwinkqubo yezomthetho. Naliphi na ishishini zomthetho eyakhelwe ngemigaqo kwi eyenza ukuthumela kunye Code of Criminal Procedure kunye Code Civil. Ixesha yenye siseko, sichaza ibalulekileyo kwezi zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Yomgaqo wolingano

A intsika esisiseko nasiphi na isigaba kwezomthetho. Ngenxa amalungelo ukulingana walo naliphi na iziko eyaziyo ezithile, okufanayo lonke uluhlu amalungelo kunye noxanduva. Kakade ke, ukulingana ingundoqo ayikwazi kuhlangatyezwane, kwaye kwezinye iindawo kwicandelo elinye abantu amalungelo ngaphezu enye. Kodwa oku kuphela xa uqonda komhlaba. Umzekelo, amalungelo endalo, kwaye amalungelo-siseko umisa. Ngoko ke, ngokupheleleyo bonke abantu banelungelo lokuphila, ngokulandelelana, kwenye abadlali kubonakala ukuba uxanduva enxulumene - ukuhlonipha eli lungelo kwaye angawugqithi umthetho, ukukhusela kwakhe. Omnye umzekelo umxhelo - inkqubo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba amalungu ayo, amalungelo ukuba bayalingana, bayakwazi ukukhusela iimfuno zabo bonke hayi lithetha akuvumelekanga kwaye unayo nayiphi na iadvanteji.

inkululeko of contract

Libhekisela kuphela kwicandelo yomthetho yoluntu, kodwa kubalulekile kakhulu kuye. Ngenxa yalo mgaqo, nawuphi na umntu ukuba nako ukungena kwizivumelwano ezahlukeneyo, ukuba abathanga eyalelweyo ngumthetho ngqo. Ngenxa yoko, nathi ukuba bazimele kwezoqoqosho kunye nethuba ukuphumeza iminqweno yabo yaye kuloo msebenzi, nto leyo eyingenelo kuthi.

Umgaqo ukuzimela

Kwaye kokuthethwa kunye inkqubo yoluntu kubalulekile ukuba amalungu ayo yedwa enye kwenye. Kungenjalo, nayiphi na impikiswano akwenzi ngqiqo, okanye yakhiwe ukuze nangapha, ukusetyenziswa kwamagunya kunye neendlela karhulumente ukuze esanelisa self-umdla. Ummangalelwa kunye nommangali kufuneka uzimele, njengokuba uphawu kufuneka nakanjani abe ngumgwebi. Kungenjalo, kuyimfuneko ukubonisa icala okanye yano abantu, nto leyo ayamkelekanga.

Umgaqo ngexesha elifanelekileyo

Naliphi na ilungelo, kwakunye nayiphi na inkqubo yomthetho kufuneka wenziwe ngexesha elithile. Kakade ke, akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba ukuseka kanye. Umzekelo, ixesha elifanelekileyo kumthetho wembambano ixhomekeke uhlobo lobudlelane, kodwa uba nesele ingatshintshanga. Ukubambelela kulo mgaqo iqinisekisa zombini umsebenzi ngempumelelo kweenkundla kunye namaqumrhu karhulumente, kwakunye ingqibelelo ngamahlakani ekuhlangabezaneni nezibophelelo zawo.

Ziphandwa ngokoMthetho

Ubukhulu becala yonke into enxulumene nalo ixesha libhekisela ngokwesigqibo inkqubo yoluntu. Kweli xesha langoku zaloMgaqo Civil ukufumana nzima ngaphezu kwi CCP, yaye oku kubangelwe kwindawo ekhethekileyo ezi khowudi zombini. Ngoko ke ikhowudi procedural ilawula imisebenzi kwimikhumbi, kwaye iqulathe uluhlu amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukukhusela amalungelo alo. ukubaluleka kwabo ayikwazi babebiza imali, kwaye inkqubo ngaphandle kwabo, engenakwenzeka. Masiqonde ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi yintoni na ixesha elifanelekileyo kumthetho wembambano njengoko nokuba eyahlukileyo kakhulu ukusuka kwamanye amasebe komthetho.

Imihla kumthetho wembambano

Ukuze uqale siya kuya kuzo zonke iintlobo yamabinzana esinayo isebe lethu lomthetho. Preclusive balazi ixesha ukuphunyezwa umthetho. Ngenxa yoko, ngaphakathi kwayo, uya kukwazi ukuphumeza i data igunya, ngoxa besaphula umthetho. Enye uhlobo - igama lilinganiselwa. Iyilelwe ukuba ukukhusela amalungelo akho, kwaye ibandakanya ukhuseleko kuphela zomthetho, kodwa ezinye iintlobo. Okokugqibela, kukho ixesha elaneleyo komsebenzi xexo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa sithetha ngomthetho, akufane imibutho izivumelwano ushiye le meko ngoyaba. Kuba uninzi ngabalawulwa kwekota kuba yinxalenye emangalisayo ebalulekileyo ibitheni. Yiloo nto sinako ukuhlangabezana imihla kakuhle echazwe apho ezi okanye ezinye izibophelelo kusamele ukufezeka phantse zonke izivumelwano. Kodwa yintoni na "ingqiqo"?

A isuntswana onengqondo

Khawucinge imeko xa nesivumelwano ngunokontraka wakho ekunikweni kwezinto eziyimfuneko. Wena uchaze yonke imigaqo ebalulekileyo: ixabiso, ubungakanani kunye noluhlu iimveliso. Kodwa kamsinya nje kokuba uqale thethana imigaqo, kukho ingxaki: yokugcina yakho ekuhlala kwezinye izinto, yaye akukho ndawo. Ngoko ubuza otyalayo lokuzisa iimpahla kwindawo ethile intswelo, oko kukuthi, ukufumanisa mzuzu yokwenza liabilities imfuno. Noko ke, otyalayo yakho yokuqala umnxeba akayi kuba nako ukuzisa wena umxholo kwesivumelwano, kuba kusenokuba nzima kuye ngaxa lithile, akayi kubeka phezu kwakhe imisebenzi enjalo yaye Code Civil. Ixesha kulo mzekelo, angafaka olule ukuba uya kukuzisela wena iilahleko ezinkulu.

Lo mthetho Kujongwe ukuba ithuba le meko kwaye waqalisa ingcamango "ngexesha elifanelekileyo". Ngokubanzi, nangona Code Civil kukhankanywa izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwama-50, kodwa intsingiselo yalo ayifumanekanga. Inye kuphela nqaku - I-314, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba umyalelo izibalo zalo. Ngenxa yoko, kubonisiweyo ukuba ngexesha elifanelekileyo emthethweni yoluntu ayidluli kwiintsuku ezisi-7. Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuqonda, ukususela ngowuphi umhla kuyo ukubala. Xa siqwalasela umzekelo lwethu otyalayo kunye yokugcina, ngoko iqabane esivela kuye babefuna ukuzisa impahla kwindawo, uya kuba kangangoko-7 iintsuku ekuzalisekeni nezibophelelo zawo ukususela kumhla wokufunyanwa kweso sicelo.

Hayi ngaphandle kwezinye izikhewu. Ngoko ke, ukongezelela kwinzaliseko izibophelelo, kufuneka iziko isiqinisekiso. Khawube nomfanekiso le meko zilandelayo: uyalelwa umhlobo bakhe ukuba bangene kunye kwikhontrakthi yentengiso wesithathu ukuba inzuzo yakho. I-trustee unikele konke iseti eyimfuneko izenzo, kodwa iphulo layo isigqibo ukutshintsha kancinci imiqathango yesivumelwano. Kule meko ukuvunyelwa ukuba isicelo kwinqununu yakhe. Kwaye kuya kufuneka ukuba unike impendulo yalo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kumthetho wembambano, uya kufumana umzekelo ukuba nolwalamano olunjalo. Simele kufuneka bakhokelwe kuphela nezibonelelo Art. 314 of the Code Civil.

inkqubo

Musa ukulibala malunga imizimba ngamandla, ulwalamano kunye nathi nako kulawulwa ngumthetho. umthetho yezeejaji inoxanduva imveliso kweembambano zomthetho ebandakanya imibutho karhulumente. Ngoko ke, siya kuba Code elahlukileyo Civil Procedure, leyo ichazwe ngokucacileyo imida zamaqela, izibophelelo, amalungelo, yaye kakhulu ngakumbi. ixesha elifanelekileyo kumthetho wembambano kwaye inkqubo akufani, ngoko ke kufuna ukufunda ngakumbi.

Okokuqala, siphawula ukuba CPC akuthethi nokulawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwamaqela, oko akuthethi ngento ekufanele ukuba kuvunyelwane, kwaye kunjalo, ujongene kuphela yesisombululo seempikiswano zomthetho. nawe Apha uza kufumana i ingqiqo - kukho "ixesha elifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo." Oko kukuthi, eli xesha apho inkundla kufuneka enze konke iseti eyimfuneko amanyathelo ukusombulula imbambano ethile. Ngenxa yoko, Art. 6.1 CCP nangoko usixelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Noko ke, sele ngeeyure. 2 yenza umbhalo encinane, bone ngabo abakwazi abstract okanye abe ngumzekelo. Ngalinye kula magama ichazwe ngokucacileyo kwi Code, ezifana ixesha apho kufuneka ilawule elo tyala. Kakade ke, la magama nga iya kuhlala ngenxa yezizathu kunye nezizathu ezichazwe kwi-Code, kodwa ukwandiswa yabo inophawu ethile.

Noko ke, kukho izinto, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezimbalwa. Umzekelo, ilungelo elisemthethweni akusoloko ngokubeka ixesha awufuna ecacileyo lokunyanzelisa ematyaleni. Cingela xa ubuzwa abasemagunyeni abanobuchule ukukhusela amalungelo abo, iimfuno zakho - ukuze awanyanzele umbhambathiswa okuhlawulela iimpahla zakho kusinda. Inkundla wathabatha ngecala lakho waza wenza isigqibo esifanelekileyo. Zokugcina zazo ekwenzeni isenzo ezifana hlobo ayikho. Ukuba umbhambathiswa uyala ukuba kuqhuba ufezekisa izibophelelo zalo, ungaqhagamshelana mandla ezifanelekileyo. Kodwa onetyala wakho ngoku nemeko enzima yezoqoqosho, bailiffs akakwazi ukubuyisela nto, njengoko nawe. Ilungelo kunye nomthetho ngokufuthi engenamandla kwimiba enjalo.

zeengxoxo zamatyala okulamla

yenkqubo yethu yezomthetho lunomahluko xa ezahlukeneyo zolawulo, kwakunye nakumacandelo yobudlelwane karhulumente. Ngoko ke, siya kuba iinkundla ngolamlo, leyo ukujongana namatyala ezibandakanya amashishini. Nangona APC ifana kakhulu ukuya Code of Procedure Civil, kunjalo kukho ezinye umahluko. Umzekelo, ukufana Art. 6.1 - ixesha elifanelekileyo yeenkqubo ulamlo, nto leyo efanayo ngokupheleleyo inqaku elifanayo kwi Code of Procedure Civil. Ukuba sithethe ngayo umahluko, bengengabo eqaphelekayo, kodwa apha, umzekelo, uvavanyo ubungqina kunye ezinye izinto ezinzulu iya kuba eyahlukileyo kulo mba.

nezinye khowudi

Kwakhona ngokwahlukileyo sinako ukuthetha Code of Administrative Justice, kodwa wazalwa kutshanje, yaye ngenxa yoko akukhange ixesha ukufumana naziphi na umahluko omkhulu. Okwangoku oko phantse ikopi ngqo of Code of Procedure Civil, kodwa ukuba mthetho igqibe ukwahlula inkqubo yezolawulo, nto leyo ithetha ukuba utshintsho yayo kuya kulandela ngokuyimfuneko.

umthetho lolwaphulo

Ubude olufanelekileyo umangali nalo ngomnye imigaqo yenkqubo mthetho ephakamileyo Art. 6.1 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Noko ke, xa sithetha forensics, le meko yahluke kakhulu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Inkqubo efuna ukunciphisa ingozi ukuthatyathwa, kuba ixabiso umba ifilim leyo iphezulu kakhulu, ngoko ke ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho kufuneka imiselwe ngokuchanekileyo.

Ngenxa yoko, inkoliso amagama athile, abanye banokuthi banyulwe yinkundla. Wenza ukuba amaqela ukulawula izenzo zabo ukuthintela ukulibaziseka kule nkqubo. Ilungelo kunye nomthetho kwiingxoxo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezi ethile ngqongqo kakhulu ngaphezu yoluntu. It esilawulwa imithetho enyanzelekileyo.

Ngokomzekelo, masithi ukuba ngummi uphantsi kophando egwebayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umphandi kunye nezinye ii-arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho sele zigqityiwe umsebenzi wabo wabhekisela eli tyala umtshutshisi. Citizen liyi- omsulwa. Kodwa umgwebi, kwakhona ukwishiba ubungqina, igqiba udumdelise ezindlebeni. Ngakuphi yonke le nkqubo ithabatha indawo, kwaye ummi, oluzakuthi ekugqibeleni msulwa, ngokuba ixesha elide ivavanywa lwentengiso ngokungeyomfuneko. Ukuze siphephe iimeko ezinjalo, yaye yaziswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Okwangoku, kwiinkundla zesiqhelo ngayo ngenyameko enkulu kwaye bazame ukuphepha ukuba unaloo ephula yayo.

Ukwayo ephula

Kodwa ayisoloko yonke into eyenzekayo njenge ikhowudi ngqwabalala okanye mthetho. Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, inkundla ekunene nga kakhulu zinongezele iimeko kanye, ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa ekutshintsheni imbuyekezo ezizodwa ngenxa yokuhlutha ixesha elifanelekileyo sele iphuhlisiwe, nto leyo ehlawulwa egameni umntu owenzakeleyo.

Okwangoku, inani Federal uMthetho 68 ukulawula ngokupheleleyo lo mba. Ngoko ke, ngenxa yezinto ukuhlukunyezwa ixesha elifanelekileyo ingahlawulwa kwimeko kucothe iingxoxo okanye ukunyanzelisa umgwebo. Kwimeko enjalo, amaqela kuya kufuneka ukuzithethelela ukuba kutheni ucinga ukuba amalungu amandla nandzu yabo baye benza ukuhlukunyezwa enjalo. Isixa sembuyekezo abakacaci kakuhle kwaye kuxhomekeke ukuthanda sicelo kunye nesigqibo senkundla, nto leyo, kokuqwalasela zonke iimeko echazwe, uya kusihlangula ukugqitywa kwalo. Iintlawulo ezinjalo kufuneka ukuba urhulumente ngokwayo, ngokungqinelana ne-Code Budget, nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba loo mabango isekelwe phezu komthetho-zikhankanywe ngasentla, akunakwenzeka ukuba bammise phambi umlingani walo.