IVolga - umthombo. IVolga - umthombo kunye emlonyeni. Somfula iVolga

IVolga - enye imilambo ibalulekileyo ehlabathini. Athwala amanzi balo inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya aqukuqela kungena kuLwandle lweCaspian. ukubaluleka Industrial lomlambo omkhulu, 8 ephehla ugesi ngamanzi, ngenqanawa aphuhliswe kakuhle, ukuloba eyakhelwe kuyo. Ngowe-1980 iVolga yakhiwa ibhulorho, nto leyo ingqalelo ixesha elide eRashiya. ubude bayo zizonke ukusuka kumthombo ukuya emlonyeni ngeenxa 3600 km. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba akuyi kwamkelwa ukuba ukuthatha ingqalelo iindawo ezivela amadama, ubude ezisemthethweni iVolga River ilingana 3530 km. Phakathi onke amanzi yaseYurophu yhuu nto iyeyona inde. Kuyo kukho ezifana izixeko ezikhulu njengoko Volgograd, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan. Loo yingxenye Russia, nto leyo ezikufutshane kwemithambo kumbindi weli lizwe, obizwa ngokuba ummandla iVolga. Kancinane ngaphezulu kwe-1 million km ² isitya lomlambo. iVolga It ithatha kwisithathu kwinxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya.

Ngokufutshane phezu komlambo

Zokutya iVolga kwenzeka ngenxa ikhephu, amanzi aphantsi komhlaba kunye emvula. Lubonakala yi izikhukula ispring nasekwindla nezikhukhula, kwanolwazi oluqulethweyo lwamanzi ehlotyeni nasebusika.

Frozen emlanjeni iVolga, umthombo kunye umlomo atyikitya ngumkhenkce phantse ngexesha elinye, ngo-Oktobha-Novemba noMatshi-Epreli, iqala Sukugcina.

Ekuqaleni, kwinkulungwane amandulo, kwathiwa Ra. Sele bamandulo, kwakukho ukubhekisela iVolga phantsi kwegama Itil. Igama yangoku ukuhamba kwamanzi avela ilizwi ngolwimi Slavonic, nto leyo ithetha Russian "ukufuma". Kukwakho nezinye iintlelo igama iVolga, kodwa ukuqinisekisa okanye ndinga- de akunakwenzeka.

umthombo iVolga

IVolga, ogama umthombo asuka kummandla yaseTver, iqala kwintaba ephakame 230 m. Le lali Volgoverkhovye kukho imithombo eziliqela, nto leyo ziye zadityaniswa singene echibini. Enye yazo ekuqaleni lomlambo. Xa sifika ayo aphezulu ayajika nge amachibi ezincinane, kunye iimitha ezimbalwa emva kokuba yokupasa Verhnevolzhskie (Peno, Vselug, iVolga kunye Sterzh), ngoku simanyene kule ndawo.

kumgxobhozo Tiny ukuba ukubonakala kwazo akunakwenzeka ukutsala abakhenkethi - umthombo iVolga. Map, nkqu inembe, akuyi kuba idatha ethile ekuqaleni amanzi.

umlomo iVolga

Umlomo iVolga luLwandle lweCaspian. Yahlulahlulwe yaba amakhulu amasebe, kanjalo bakha Delta ebanzi, nokubandakanya ummandla malunga ne-19 000 km ^2. Ngenxa isixa esikhulu wamanzi le zenqila isityalo namanqatha kunye nezilwanyana. Isibakala sokuba umlomo umlambo uhamba phambili kwihlabathi inani Intlanzi, uthetha ukuba ngokwayo. Lo mlambo inempembelelo ezaneleyo iimeko zemozulu, nto leyo ibe nefuthe kuyingenelo phezu enezityalo nezilwanyana, kwakunye ebantwini. Uhlobo ndawo umdla yaye inceda ukuchitha ixesha lakho. Fishing kuhle ukususela ku-Apreli ukuya kuNovemba. Imozulu kunye nenani kweentlobo zeentlanzi akasayi kuvunyelwa ukuba abuyele elambatha.

umhlaba emifuno

Xa amanzi iVolga zikhule ezi ntlobo zezityalo:

• Eziphila (Susak, yayingcongolo, cattail, Lotus);
• amanzi ujule (naiad, hornwort, elodea, Ranunculus);
• amanzi lencopho igqabi (njengenyibiba, duckweed, pondweed, Anut);
• ulwelwe (hari, kladofora, dule).

Eli nani liphezulu lezityalo amelwe emlonyeni iVolga. Eyona eqhelekileyo sedge, umhlonyane, pondweed, spurge, halophyte, astragalus. Emakriweni kumanani amakhulu ikhula tarragon, nangwevu, yayingcongolo ingca kunye cleavers.

River Delta, ebizwa iVolga, apho umthombo ayikho ityebileyo ingakumbi izityalo iquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo 500. Akukho inqabile sedges, milkweed, marshmallow, umhlonyane Mint. Ungafumana namakhakakhaka neengcongolo. Ngasechwebeni amanzi aqukuqelayo basike nokunyuka. Imivumbo lihlathi. Wemithi zezona willow ziqhelekileyo, uthuthu nemipopulari.

jikelele silwane

IVolga igcwele iintlanzi. Kuyinto ekhaya kwizilwanyana ezininzi zasemanzini, ezahlukeneyo kwezinye indlela nganye ikhona. Kukho malunga ne-70 iintlobo, apho 40 - lokuloba. Enye intlanzi pool incinane - pugolovka, ubude apho ayidluli 3 cm It nokuba mazingabhidaniswa tadpole .. Kodwa inkulu - ukutya. ubungakanani bayo ukufikelela 4 m Kuyinto intlanzi-ilivo :. Ngaba uyakwazi ukuhlala ukuya kwiminyaka eli-100, nobunzima kwetoni ngaphezulu kwe-1. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ke Roach, catfish, Pike, Intlanzi, zeCARP, zakhele, Intlanzi, bream. Oku ayiboneleli kuphela ubutyebi kweemveliso kwiindawo ezingqongileyo, kodwa kwakhona kumazwe angaphandle ngempumelelo kwamanye amazwe.

Sturgeon, Pike, bream, zeCARP, catfish, ruffe, zakhele, burbot, neKubhi - zonke ezi abameli iintlanzi eziphila umsinga igalelo, yaye indawo yazo isigxina ithathwa ukuba River iVolga. Istok, ngelishwa, akanako ndoqhayisa otyebileyo ezahlukeneyo enjalo. Kwiindawo apho ukuhamba amanzi kubunzulu ezolileyo kwaye nzulu, kumiwa stickleback kumazantsi - i gasterosteiformes ummeli kuphela. Kwaye kuloo mimandla apho kunazo zonke izityalo iVolga uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana zeCARP, ethanda amanzi cwaka. Intlanzi Stellate, herring, Intlanzi, lamprey, belugas kufika emlanjeni kuLwandle lweCaspian. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo umlambo ithathwa okuhle lokuloba.

Ungafumana kwakhona & nbsp amasele, iintaka, izinambuzane ndyoka. Ngasechwebeni zidla ibekwe olugobileyo pelicans, iinkwali, egrets, weentaka nezimhlophe-tailed. Zonke ezi Abameleli kakhulu ezinqabileyo zidweliswe ezisengozini. Ngasechwebeni iVolga eliqela ekhuselweyo, zinceda ukukhusela iintlobo ezinqabileyo ekutshabalaleni. Apha yokwakha amarhanisi, amadada, teals kunye Amadada. In iVolga ogudle iihagu zasendle ephila, kwaye ke emathafeni ejikelezileyo - SAIGA. amaninzi kakhulu kwi ngaselwandle kufunyanwa lweCaspian lamatywina, apho zifumaneka kakhulu ngokukhululekileyo emanzini.

Ixabiso iVolga e Russia

IVolga, eye umthombo wayo kwilali kwingingqi yaseTver, ithatha indawo ngaphesheya eRashiya. amanzi zawo phezu komlambo kanga kwiBaltic, kuLwandle Azov, iBlack noLwandle White, kwaye Tikhvin kunye Vyshnevolotskaya systems. In iVolga isitya uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana amahlathi amakhulu kunye namasimi abazizityebi esikufuphi kuhlwayelwe nezityalo ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa kunye cereal. Umhlaba kwezi nkalo echumayo ukuba negalelo kuphuhliso ukulima futhi melon. Kuyimfuneko ukuba acacise ukuba kummandla iVolga-phambene kukho imali ebekiweyo ye-oyile negesi, kwaye kufuphi Solikamsk kunye iVolga - idiphozithi ityuwa.

Awukwazi aphikisane nesibakala sokuba iVolga unembali enkulu natyebileyo. Ulilungu ngeziganeko ezininzi ezibalulekileyo yezopolitiko. kwaye ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho, ukuba lo mfula eziphambili Russia, ngaloo ndlela yokudibanisa zibe enye zimbalwa. On kuyo amaziko olawulo kunye mveliso, ezininzi izixeko-labantu. Kungenxa yoko le nto kusifikeleyo oku amanzi kuthiwa emlanjeni omkhulu Russian.