Ithiyetha eRussia ngenkulungwane ye-18: imbali kunye nabantu

elide Kuye kwaba kwilizwe lethu yachuma yeqonga. Iyahlekisa ububele abantu becula ingoma, bengqungqa, kwakunye kukhalisa imifanekiso funny. Maxa ngeendibano shill abantu showman. Yaye izikwere beqonga neemvakalelo zivuma, yangqungqa yaye sacengceleza ukonwabisa abaphulaphuli.

kwamasebe amabini art

Ithiyetha eRussia ngenkulungwane ye-18 kuphuhliswa ngeendlela ezimbini. Folk art iye yaqhubeka kwisithethe buffoons. Umelo zaye zabanjwa emoyeni okanye kwigumbi ekhethekileyo - eliphalaziweyo.

Ngomdlalo inkundla theatre kuqala ibhalwe ebudeni bolawulo uMikhail Romanov - ngunozala ubukhosi phezu kwetrone Russian. Kusungulwe Ezolonwabo elitsha Artamon Boyar Matveev. Le ndoda iye yenze lukhulu kurhulumente Russian. Waba kwentloko Abameli komyalelo - iSebe leMicimbi yangaPhandle ngelo xesha. Artamon Matveev ukuhambela amazwe. Yena ndabandakanyeka ngokunzulu kweli isiko kumazwe amaninzi kwaye bazama ukubethelela eRashiya, amanye amasiko aseYurophu. Artamon Matveev ingqalelo Westerner yokuqala.

Umsunguli we Drama kunye Ukuqondisa

Ithiyetha eRussia ngenkulungwane ye-18 ibingayi kwenzeka ngaphandle le ndoda multi-amaninzi. qembu professional yaququzelelwa egameni lakhe. A umdlalo wokuqala eboniswe eRashiya, ibali yeBhayibhile-Ahaswerosi. Ngokuba zokuzonwabisa kakumkani yayakhiwe kwigumbi elahlukileyo. INkosi wakuthanda ingcamango, yaye umbhali ngesisa kuvuzwa. Ngoko ke ngubani ekuchubekeni lokuqala Russian kunye nomlawuli? Imbali iye walondoloza igama lakhe. It uhlala e Moscow German uJohann Gregory.

zokuzonwabisa New ubanjwe ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Kumakhaya amaninzi osisinhanha kwelo zemiboniso ixesha besebenza. Abadlali baba njengoko singabakhululekileyo kunye ngamakhoboka.

The Times esiqaphelekayo

Ithiyetha eRussia ngenkulungwane ye-18 edibene igama uPetros Omkhulu. Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe ubugcisa ityatyambile na. UPetros wayesoloko bamenywa ukuba iinkampani yokuhambela amanye amazwe Russian. Abazange kuphela wabonisa ukwenza ezintsha, kodwa ubunzima iingcamango ngcembe, ababhali idolo Russian. UPetros wakha yemidlalo kwi-Red Square. Kamva yatshatyalaliswa.

Ithiyetha eRussia ngenkulungwane ye-18 yaba kuphela eMoscow kodwa eSt Petersburg. Enkundleni uAnny Ioannovny wavula Ukusekwa kunye abadlali Russian. Udlala wabhala edumileyo dramatist Alexander Sumarokov kuye.

uphuhliso olunye

Xa Elizabeth kwafika zemidlalo ekuthiwa-zabalawuli. Ezi arhente zikarhulumente ezazikhona ngendleko yobuncwane. Umlawuli we-Imperial Theatre, ngomhla Vasilevsky Island yaba Sumarokov.

Yemidlalo kwenkulungwane ye-18 eRashiya waqhubeka ukuphuhlisa ngexesha lolawulo uCatherine II. WeNkundla kwinkundla yakhe esebenza troupes abaqeqeshiweyo. Isikhundla esikhethekileyo awayephantsi iimvumi opera Italian. Ndisebenze kunye Russian yeqonga qembu. Ngeli xesha, le nkundla yayeka ukuba nje ukuzonwabisa ebhotwe. Esi sixeko wavula lezithuba yokonwabisa uluntu, nto leyo siqeshe amagcisa zombini Russian angaphandle.

Creativity Ivan Dmitrevsky

Yemidlalo kwenkulungwane ye-18 e-Russian iwazi amagama koosomashishini abadumileyo: Titova, Belmont, Medox. Ngeli xesha, ubukho obuqhubekekayo kumnini-qembu kumaphondo, apho badlala ngamakhoboka amagcisa. nomdlali omhle Ivan Dmitrievsky. Uye waba umsebenzi owahlukileyo. Xa qembu yokuqala professional Russian Volkova oselula Dmitrevsky wadlala indima ababhinqileyo. Kamva, waba umdlali ephambili Imperial Theatre, ngomhla Vasilevsky Island. Kuba sokuvuselela uCatherine II wathumela Dmitrevsky amazwe. E Paris, wafundela umdlalo le tragedian odumileyo Lekena yaye yabamba ngendlela London yi-Garrick omkhulu. Ukubuyela eSt Petersburg, Dmitrevsky wavula isikolo idrama. Kamva waba umhloli oyintloko kwezibonelelo zokuzonwabisa asebukhosini.

Imiba ephambili

Theatre ngenkulungwane ye-18 eRashiya zingaphawulwa ngokufutshane kuchazwa ngokuthi classicist. Oku namandla eYurophu ngenkulungwane ye-17. Kweli xesha elandelayo Classicism kungena amanye umsebenzi wedemokrasi yiEnlightenment. art Russian kwenkulungwane ye-18 kwamane nengqiqo, uhlobo zabefundisi izinqumo engqongqo. imidlalo Theatrical yahlulwe ngokungqongqo zibe iintlekele comedy. Ukuxutywa lwabo akuvumelekanga.

Yeqonga nomculo lwe ngenkulungwane ye-18 zanxulunyaniswa eRashiya. Opera iye mhlawumbi ndlela ithandwayo zokuzonwabisa. iimvumi Italian wavela enkundleni uAnny Ioannovny. Lo mdlalo yokuqala in Russian ezibhalwe Alexander Sumarokov. opera Classicist njengoko yeqonga, gravitated ukuze kwahlulwe engqongqo ngeentlobo. imisebenzi Dramatic zabhalwa kwizithethe Italian yaye yahlukile umculo sublime. Comedy, ingqalelo uhlobo minor, ziye ezinxulumene ne kwizithethe zorhwebo Russian owayelapho enobulungisa. Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo opera okuchwayitha ezinjalo - uthethe incoko nokucula amanani zomculo. Imisebenzi for abaqambi yeqonga wabhala Sokolovsky, Pashkevich, Bortniansky. Opera iculwa isiFrentshi, Russian.

iindlela ezintsha

Theatre 18-19 leminyaka Russia ngokuhambelana yiEnlightenment. Ngowe-1782, Ndibone comedy isigaba suki Fonvizina "Oaf." A uvuthondaba kwi kuluntu lwanamhlanje Russian waboniswa kuqala nje umbhali abanetalente. Inkcazelo kwiklasi ongentla ixesha Fonvizin echazwe ngokuchanileyo emangalisayo. Prost ububi, umyeni wakhe isiyatha kunye nonyana Mitrofanushka wazisa ngumbhali ebomini lodumo. ngokuqiqa Starodum Ulumkile udumo kunye nesidima kunye namhlanje useza abaphulaphuli. Ngaphandle conventionality yabalinganiswa, bona babe ngokunyaniseka imizwa. Dlala Fonvizin funda Pushkin, Gogol kunye nezinye ababhali. Yena ke bayinqule izizukulwana ezininzi kubabukeli. "I-Minor," kwaye ngoku liyazingca lwendawo kwi nkulu ka zemiboniso phambili kweli lizwe. Lo msebenzi ebhalwe ngoonobumba egolide kwimbali iincwadi Russian.